Rule 25 - FRIVOLOUS ACTIONS; SANCTIONS; VEXATIOUS LITIGATION(A) If the court sua sponte, or upon the motion of a party, determines that an apppel, original action or motion is frivolous or prosecuted for the purpose of delay, harassment, or other improper purpose, the court may impose appropriate sanctions upon the person who signed the appeal, original action or motion, a represented party, or both. Sanctions imposed may include an award to the opposing party of reasonable expenses, reasonable attorney fees, costs, any/or any other sanction the court finds just and appropriate. An appeal, orginal action or motion shall be considered frivolous if it is not reasonably well-grounded in fact or warranted by existing law, or by a good faith argument for the extension, modification or reversal of existing law.(B) If a party or other litigant habitually, persistently and without reasonable cause engages in frivolous conduct as set forth in section (A) of this rule, the court may, sua sponte or upon the motion of a party, find the offending party or litigant to be a vexatious litigator. If a party or litigant is found to be a vexatious litigator, the court may impose filing restrictions which may include prohibiting the party or litigant from continuing or instituting legal proceedings in the Twelfth District Court of Appeals without first obtaining leave of court, prohibiting filing of an action without paying the filing fee or posting security for costs, and/or any other sanction or restriction the court considers just and appropriate.(C) Any party or litigant that has been declared a vexatious litigator under R.C. 2323.53 or this rules must obtain leave of court before filing any appeal or original action in this court. Failure to obtain leave to proceed shall result in dismissal of the appeal or original action.Amended effective 2/3/2023.