7 Del. Admin. Code § 1124-48.0
11/29/1994
"Batch mode" means a non-continuous operation or process in which a discrete quantity or batch of feed is charged into a process unit and distilled or reacted at one time.
"Boiler" means any enclosed combustion device that extracts useful energy in the form of steam.
"By compound" means by individual stream components, not carbon equivalents.
"Continuous recorder" means a data recording device that records an instantaneous data value at least once every 15 minutes.
"Distillation operation" means an operation in which one or more feed stream or streams are separated into two or more exit stream or streams. Each exit stream has component concentrations different from those in the feed stream or streams. The separation is achieved by the redistribution of the components between the liquid and vapor phase as they approach equilibrium within the distillation unit.
"Distillation unit" means a device or vessel in which distillation operations occur, including all associated internal components (such as trays or packing) and accessories (such as reboilers, condensers, vacuum pumps, stream jets, etc.), plus any associated recovery system.
"Engineering assessment" means the use of documented estimation methods or procedures or sound judgment. Engineering assessment includes, but is not limited to, previous test results that are representative of current operating practices at the process unit, bench-scale or pilot-scale test data that are representative of the process under representative operating conditions, a specification or implication of the maximum flow rate within a permit limit applicable to the process vent, a design analysis based on accepted chemical engineering principles, measurable process parameters, or physical or chemical laws or properties. Examples for analytical methods include, but are not limited to, the use of material balances based on process stoichiometry to estimate the maximum VOC concentration, the estimation of the maximum flow rate based on physical equipment design parameters such as pump or blower capacities, the estimation of the total organic compound (TOC) concentration based on saturation conditions, and the estimation of the maximum expected net heating value based on the stream concentration of each organic compound, or, alternatively, as if all TOCs in the stream were the compound with the highest heating value. All data, assumptions, and procedures used in engineering assessments shall be documented.
"Flame zone" means the portion of the combustion chamber in a boiler that is occupied by the flame envelope.
"Flow indicator" means a device that indicates whether gas flow is present in a vent stream.
"Halogenated vent stream" means any vent stream that is determined to have a total concentration of halogen atoms (by volume) contained in organic compounds of 200 ppmv or greater, as determined by Method 18 in Appendix E of this regulation or by engineering assessment or process knowledge that no halogenated organic compounds are present. For example, 150 ppmv of ethylene dichloride would contain 300 ppmv of total halogen atoms.
"Primary fuel" means the fuel that provides the principal heat input to the device. To be considered primary, the fuel must be able to sustain operation without the addition of other fuels.
"Process heater" means a device which transfers heat that is liberated by burning fuel to fluids contained in tubes, including all fluids except water that is heated to produce steam.
"Process unit' means equipment that is assembled and connected by pipes or ducts to produce, as intermediates or final products, one or more SOCMI chemicals. A process unit can operate independently if it is supplied with sufficient feed or raw materials and sufficient product storage facilities.
"Product" means any compound or SOCMI chemical that is produced as that chemical for sale as a product, by-product, co-product, or intermediate, or for use in the production of other chemicals or compounds.
"Reactor process" means a unit operation in which one or more chemicals, or reactants other than air, are combined or decomposed in such a way that their molecular structures are altered and one or more new organic compounds are formed.
"Recovery device" means an individual unit of equipment, such as an adsorber, a carbon adsorber, or a condenser, that is capable of and used for the purpose of recovering chemicals for use, reuse, or sale.
"Recovery system" means an individual recovery device or series of such devices applied to the same vent stream.
"Synthetic organic chemical manufacturing industry" or "SOCMI" means the industry that produces, as intermediates or final products, one or more of the chemicals listed at 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 60.489 (July 1, 1992).
"Total organic compounds" or "TOC" means those compounds measured according to the procedures of Method 18 in Appendix E of this regulation.
"Total resource effectiveness index value" or "TRE index value" means a measure of the supplemental total resource requirement per unit reduction of VOCs associated with a process vent stream, based on the vent stream flow rate, the emission rate of VOCs, the net heating value, and the corrosion properties (whether or not the vent stream contains halogenated compounds), as quantified by the equations provided in 48.4 of this regulation. The TRE index is a decision tool used to determine if the annual cost of controlling a given vent gas stream is acceptable when considering the emissions reduction achieved.
"Vent stream" means any gas stream which discharges directly from a distillation operation or reactor process to the atmosphere or which discharges indirectly to the atmosphere after diversion through other process equipment. The definition of vent stream excludes relief valve discharges and equipment leaks including, but not limited to, pumps, compressors, and valves.
(48-1)
where:
TRE = TRE index value.
Qs = Vent stream flow rate standard cubic meters per minute at a standard temperature of 20 degrees Celsius (°C).
HT = Vent stream net heating value (megajoules per standard cubic meter), as calculated in 48.4.6.6 of this regulation.
ETOC = Hourly emission rate of TOC (minus methane and ethane) (kilograms per hour), as calculated in 48.4.6.4 of this regulation.
a,b,c,d = Coefficients presented in Table 48-1 of 48.0 of this regulation.
Table 48-1. Coefficients For Total Resource Effectiveness For Nonhalogenated And Halogenated Vent Streams
Type of Stream | Control Device Basis | Value of Coefficients | |||
a | b | c | d | ||
Non-halogenated | Flare | 2.219 | 0.183 | -0.005 | 0.359 |
Thermal incinerator | 3.075 | 0.021 | -0.037 | 0.018 | |
0% heat recovery | |||||
Thermal incinerator | 3.803 | 0.032 | -0.042 | 0.007 | |
70% heat recovery | |||||
Halogenated | Thermal incinerator and scrubber | 5.470 | 0.181 | -0.040 | 0.004 |
(48-2)
where:
Cc = Concentration of TOC (minus methane and ethane), corrected to 3% oxygen on a dry basis (parts per million by volume).
CTOC = Concentration of TOC (minus methane and ethane) on a dry basis (parts per million by volume).
%O2d = Concentration of oxygen on a dry basis (% by volume).
(48-3)
where:
R = Emission reduction (percent by weight).
Ei = Mass rate of TOC (minus methane and ethane) entering the control device (kilograms of TOC per hour).
Eo = Mass rate of TOC (minus methane and ethane) discharged to the atmosphere (kilograms of TOC per hour).
(48-4)
(48-5)
where:
Cij, Coj = Concentration of sample component J of the gas stream at the inlet and outlet of the control device, respectively, on a dry basis (parts per million by volume).
Mij, Moj = Molecular weight of sample component J of the gas stream at the inlet and outlet of the control device, respectively (grams per gram-mole).
Qi, Qo = Flow rate of the gas stream at the inlet and outlet of the control device, respectively (dry standard cubic meters per minute).
K2 = Constant, 2.494x10-6 (parts per million)-1(gram-moles per standard cubic meter)(kilograms per gram)(minutes per hour), where standard temperature for (gram-moles per standard cubic meter) is 20°C.
(48-6)
where:
CTOC = Concentration of TOC (minus methane and ethane) on a dry basis (parts per million by volume).
Cj = Concentration of sample component J on a dry basis (parts per million by volume).
n = Number of components in the sample.
(48-7)
where:
ETOC = Emission rate of TOC (minus methane and ethane) in the sample (kilograms per hour).
K2 = Constant, 2.494x10-6 (parts per million)-1(gram-moles per standard cubic meter)(kilograms per gram)(minutes per hour), where standard temperature for (gram-moles per standard cubic meter) is 20°C.
Cj = Concentration of compound J, on a dry basis (parts per million), as measured by Method 18, as indicated in 48.4.4.4 of this regulation.
Mj = Molecular weight of sample J (grams per gram-mole).
Qs = Vent stream flow rate (standard cubic meters per minute) at a temperature of 20°C.
(48-8)
where:
HT = Net heating value of the sample (megajoules per standard cubic meter), where the net enthalpy per mole of vent stream is based on combustion at 25°C and 760 millimeters of mercury, but the standard temperature for determining the volume corresponding to one mole is 20°C, as in the definition of Qs (vent stream flow rate).
K1 = Constant, 1.740x10-7 (parts per million)-1(gram-moles per standard cubic meter)(megajoules per kilocalorie), where standard temperature for (gram-moles per standard cubic meter) is 20°C.
Bws = Water vapor content of the vent stream, proportion by volume; except that if the vent stream passes through a final steam jet and is not condensed, it shall be assumed that Bws = 0.023 in order to correct to 2.3% moisture.
Cj = Concentration on a dry basis of compound J (parts per million), as measured for all organic compounds by Method 18 and measured for hydrogen and carbon monoxide by the ASTM Method D1946-77.
Hj = Net heat of combustion of compound J (kilocalories per gram-mole), based on combustion at 25°C and 760 millimeters of mercury. The heats of combustion of vent stream components shall be determined using ASTM Method D2382-76 if published values are not available or cannot be calculated.
7 Del. Admin. Code § 1124-48.0