04/11/2011
"Alcohol" means a chemical compound consisting of the hydroxyl (OH) group attached to an alkyl radical and having the general formula CnH2n+1OH, such as ethanol, n-propanol, and iso-propanol.
"Alcohol substitute" means a non-alcohol additive that contains VOCs and is used in the fountain solution to reduce the surface tension of water or to prevent piling (ink build-up).
"Batch" means a supply of fountain solution that is prepared continuously or as a batch and that is used without alteration until completely used or removed from the printing process.
"Cleaning solution" means a liquid that is used to remove ink, including dried ink, and debris from the operating surfaces of the printing press and its parts.
"Fountain solution" means a mixture of water and non-volatile printing chemicals, and additives which reduce the surface tension of the water. The fountain solution wets the non-image areas so that the ink is maintained within the image areas.
"Heatset" means any operation in which heat is required to evaporate ink oil from the printing ink.
"Letterpress printing" means a printing process in which the image is raised relative to the non-image area and the paste ink is transferred to the substrate directly from the image surface.
"Lithography" or "lithographic printing" means a printing process in which the image and non-image areas are chemically differentiated; the image area is oil-receptive and the non-image area is water-receptive. This method differs from other printing methods, in which the image is a raised or recessed surface.
"Non-heatset" or "coldset" means any operation in which printing inks are set without the use of heat. For the purposes of 47.0 of this regulation, ultraviolet-cured and electron beam-cured inks are considered non-heatset operations.
"Offset lithographic printing" means a printing process that transfers the ink film is transferred from the lithographic plate to an intermediary surface (blanket), which, in turn, transfers the ink film to the substrate.
"Press" means a printing production assembly that is composed of one or many units to produce a printed sheet or web.
"Sheet-fed" means a printing operation in which individual sheets of substrate are fed to the press sequentially.
"Total actual VOC emissions" means the quantity of VOCs emitted from all lithographic and letterpress printing operations, including VOC emissions from cleaning materials and activities, during a particular time period.
"Unit" means the smallest complete printing component of a printing press.
"Web" means a continuous roll of paper used as the printing substrate.
(47-1)
Where:
Wi = Weight of the ith VOC compound, in grams (g);
Ww = Weight of water, in g;
We = Weight of exempt compound, in g;
MWi = Molecular weight of the ith VOC compound, in grams per gram-mole;
MWw = Molecular weight of water, in;
MWe = Molecular weight of exempt compound, in;
PPC = VOC composite partial pressure at 20°C, in mmHg
VPi = Vapor pressure of the ith VOC compound at 20°C, in mmHg
7 Del. Admin. Code § 1124-47.0