Mo. Rev. Stat. § 430.350
Whenever the principal in any bond given to the state of Missouri is insolvent, or whenever such principal being deceased, his estate and effects which come to the hands of his executor, administrator or assignee are insufficient for the payment of his debts, and in either of such cases, any surety on the bond, or the executor, administrator or assignee of such surety, pays to the state of Missouri the money due upon such bond, said surety, his executor or administrator or assignee, shall have the like priority for the recovery and receipt of the moneys out of the estate and effects of such insolvent or deceased principal as is secured to the state of Missouri, and may bring and maintain a suit upon the bond in law or equity in his own name for the recovery of all moneys paid thereon.
§ 430.350, RSMo