(a) Any person in whom the enforcement of any provision of this code is vested shall have the authority, as a public officer, to arrest, without a warrant, another person whenever such officer has reasonable cause to believe that the person to be arrested has, in his presence, violated any provision of this code, the violation of which is declared to be public offense. If such violation is a felony, or if the arresting officer has reasonable cause to believe that the person to be arrested has violated a provision of this code which is declared to be a felony, although no felony has in fact been committed, he may make an arrest although the violation or suspected violation did not occur in his presence. In any case in which an arrest is made pursuant to this authority for an offense declared to be a misdemeanor or an infraction, the arresting officer may, instead of taking the person arrested before a magistrate, follow the procedure prescribed by Chapter 5C (commencing with Section 853.5) of Title 3 of Part 2 of the Penal Code, unless the arrested person demands to be taken before a magistrate. The provisions of such chapter shall thereafter apply with reference to any proceeding based upon the issuance of a citation pursuant to this authority.