Section 13 - Character Investigation by Admissions Committees(A) The president of each local bar association shall appoint an admissions committee, provided, however, that the local bar association permits the membership of any attorney practicing within the geographic area intended to be served by that association without reference to the attorney's area of practice, special interest, or other criteria. Local bar associations may join together on a regional basis to create a regional admissions committee. Each admissions committee shall consist of three or more members, each of whom shall serve without compensation for a term of three years. One-third of the admissions committee members' terms shall expire each year. Each admissions committee shall file with the Office of Bar Admissions the following information, updated as necessary: (1) The names, addresses, telephone numbers, and terms of all members of the admissions committee;(2) Designation of chair of the admissions committee;(3) The name, address, and telephone number of the admissions committee representative who shall be responsible for receipt of material forwarded by the Office of Bar Admissions under division (C) of this section.(B) The admissions committee shall investigate the character, fitness, and moral qualifications of applicants for admission to the practice of law in the State, report its findings and recommendations to the Board of Commissioners on Character and Fitness, and obtain and offer such information as pertains to the character, fitness, and moral qualifications of the applicants at hearings conducted by the Board's duly designated panels pursuant to this rule.(C)(1) Upon receipt of an applicant's complete Application to Register as a Candidate for Admission to the Practice of Law filed under Section 2 of this rule, Application for Admission by Transferred UBE Score pursuant to Section 11 of this rule, or, if applicable, Application for Admission to the Practice of Law Without Examination filed under Section 10 of this rule, the Office of Bar Admissions shall forward one copy of the applicant's character questionnaire to the NCBE for a character investigation and report. Upon receipt of this report, the Office of Bar Admissions shall forward the report and the applicant's character questionnaire to one of the following admissions committees: (a) An admissions committee of the county in which the applicant claims permanent residence, if the applicant is a resident of Ohio;(b) An admissions committee in the county in which the applicant is enrolled in law school;(c) An admissions committee in the county in which the applicant intends to practice law;(d) Such other admissions committee as the Office of Bar Admissions deems appropriate.(2) Within thirty-five days after the admissions committee's receipt of the applicant's character questionnaire and the report of the NCBE, the admissions committee shall review the character questionnaire and the report, schedule an interview, and notify the applicant, in writing, of the date and place of the interview. The notice shall inform the applicant that the applicant's failure to cooperate in completing the interview may be grounds for disapproval of the application.(3) At least two members of the admissions committee shall jointly conduct a personal interview of the applicant and record the results on a form prescribed by the Board. During the interview of the applicant, the admissions committee shall inquire of the applicant whether any answer on the character questionnaire should be changed or supplemented because of events occurring after the date on which the character questionnaire was originally signed by the applicant and notarized. A member of an admissions committee shall not interview an applicant or otherwise participate in an admissions committee's investigation or recommendation of an applicant if it is reasonable to expect that the member's judgment will be, or could be, affected by such member's own financial, business, property, or personal interest or other conflict of interest.(4) The admissions committee shall ascertain, from the character questionnaire, the report of the NCBE, and the interview, whether the applicant possesses the requisite character, fitness, and moral qualifications for admission to the practice of law. If the admissions committee deems it necessary or appropriate under the circumstances, it shall conduct further investigation of the applicant before ascertaining the applicant's character, fitness, and moral qualifications.(D)(1) The applicant has the burden to prove by clear and convincing evidence that the applicant possesses the requisite character, fitness, and moral qualifications for admission to the practice of law. An applicant's failure to provide requested information, including information regarding expungements and juvenile court proceedings, or otherwise to cooperate in proceedings before the admissions committee may be grounds for a recommendation of disapproval.(2) The admissions committee shall determine an applicant's character, fitness, and moral qualifications in accordance with all of the following:(a) The provisions of this rule;(b) The applicable decisions of the Supreme Court of the United States;(c) The applicable decisions of the Supreme Court of Ohio;(d) Any standards of conduct promulgated by the Board and approved by the Court under Section 12(B)(2)(b) of this rule.(3) An applicant may be approved for admission if the applicant's record of conduct justifies the trust of clients, adversaries, courts, and others with respect to the professional duties owed to them and demonstrates that the applicant satisfies the essential eligibility requirements for the practice of law as defined by the Board. A record manifesting a significant deficiency in the honesty, trustworthiness, diligence, or reliability of an applicant may constitute a basis for disapproval of the applicant. Factors to be considered carefully by the admissions committee before making a recommendation about an applicant's character, fitness, and moral qualifications shall include, but are not limited to, all of the following:(a) Commission or conviction of a crime, subject to division (D)(5) of this section;(b) Evidence of an existing and untreated chemical (drug or alcohol) dependency;(c) Commission of an act constituting the unauthorized practice of law;(d) Violation of the honor code of the applicant's law school or any other academic misconduct;(e) A pattern of disregard of the laws of this state, another state, or the United States;(f) Failure to provide complete and accurate information concerning the applicant's past;(g) False statements, including omissions;(h) Acts involving dishonesty, fraud, deceit, or misrepresentation;(i) Abuse of legal process;(j) Neglect of financial responsibilities;(k) Neglect of professional obligations;(l) Violation of an order of a court;(m) Denial of admission to the bar in another jurisdiction on character and fitness grounds;(n) Disciplinary action by a lawyer disciplinary agency or other professional disciplinary agency of any jurisdiction.(4) The admissions committee shall determine whether the present character, fitness, and moral qualifications of an applicant qualify the applicant for admission to the practice of law. In making this determination, the following factors shall be considered in assigning weight and significance to the applicant's prior conduct: (a) Age of the applicant at the time of the conduct;(b) Recency of the conduct;(c) Reliability of the information concerning the conduct;(d) Seriousness of the conduct;(e) Factors underlying the conduct;(f) Cumulative effect of the conduct;(g) Evidence of rehabilitation;(h) Positive social contributions of the applicant since the conduct;(i) Candor of the applicant in the admissions process;(j) Materiality of any omissions or misrepresentations.(5)(a) If an applicant has been convicted of a felony under the laws of this state, the laws of the United States, or the laws of another state or territory of the United States, or adjudicated a delinquent child for conduct that, if committed by an adult, would be such a felony, the applicant shall undergo a review by the Board of Commissioners on Character and Fitness in accordance with Section 14 of this rule. In addition to considering the factors listed in (D)(3) of this section, the Board shall consider the following: (i) The amount of time that has passed since the applicant was convicted of the felony, but in no event may an applicant be approved before being released from parole, probation, community control, post-release control, or prison if no post-release control or parole was maintained;(ii) If the applicant was convicted in this state, whether the rights and privileges of the applicant that were forfeited by conviction have been restored by operation of law, expungement, or pardon under the laws of Ohio; or, if the applicant was convicted under the laws of the United States or the laws of another state or territory, whether the applicant would be eligible to have his rights and privileges restored under the laws of Ohio if convicted in this state for the same offense;(iii) Whether the applicant is disqualified by law from holding an office of public trust;(iv) How an approval of the applicant would impact the public's perception of, or confidence in, the legal profession.(b) If the applicant's conviction or delinquency adjudication was for aggravated murder, murder, or any first or second degree felony under Ohio law, and the Board votes to approve the applicant in accordance with this section and Section 14 of this rule, the Board shall make a final report, with its findings of fact and recommendation of approval, for the Supreme Court's review. The Board shall file the report and the record with the Clerk of the Supreme Court. Consistent with the procedures established in Section 14(F) of this rule, the Court will review the applicant and make the final determination on whether the applicant shall be approved for admission.(6) In determining an applicant's character, fitness, and moral qualifications for the practice of law, the admissions committee shall not consider factors that do not directly bear a reasonable relationship to the practice of law, including but not limited to the following impermissible factors: (a) Age, sex, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity and expression, marital status, race, color, national origin, or religion of the applicant;(b) Disability of the applicant, provided that the applicant, though disabled, is able to satisfy the essential eligibility requirements for the practice of law.(E) After reviewing the character questionnaire and the report of the NCBE, interviewing the applicant, and conducting any further investigation, the admissions committee shall file with the Office of Bar Admissions a written report with its recommendations on a form prescribed by the Board.(F)(1) An admissions committee recommendation other than an unqualified approval shall be deemed a recommendation that the applicant not be admitted to the practice of law, in which case the written report shall enumerate the specific reasons for such recommendation with relation to the standards set forth in divisions (D)(3) and (4) of this section, and the matter shall proceed as provided in Section 14 of this rule.(2) An admissions committee recommendation of unqualified approval shall be submitted to the Board, and the Board shall determine whether the applicant has the requisite character, fitness, and moral qualifications for admission to the practice of law. The Office of Bar Admissions shall notify the applicant in writing of the Board's determination.(G) An admissions committee may establish bylaws or procedures, not inconsistent with this rule, for the conduct of its proceedings. The functions of an admissions committee under this rule may be delegated to a subcommittee or subcommittees thereof.Amended June 11, 2019, effective 9/2/2019; amended April 4, 2020, effective 6/1/2020; amended effective 3/2/2021; amended effective 9/1/2021; amended November 15, 2022, effective 1/17/2023.