N.D. R. Civ. P. 44.1

As amended through March 18, 2024

Rule 44.1 - Determining Foreign Law

A party who intends to raise an issue about a foreign country's law must give notice by a pleading or other writing. In determining foreign law, the court may consider any relevant material or source, including testimony, whether or not submitted by a party or admissible under the Rules of Evidence. The court's determination must be treated as a ruling on a question of law.

Joint Procedure Committee Minutes of September 24-25, 2009, page 14; November 29-30, 1979, page 11; April 26-27, 1979, page 18; Fed.R.Civ.P. 44.1.

EXPLANATORY NOTE Rule 44.1 was amended, effective 3/1/2011. Rule 44.1 is derived from Fed.R.Civ.P. 44.1. Rule 44.1 was amended, effective 3/1/2011, in response to the12/1/2007, revision of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. The language and organization of the rule were changed to make the rule more easily understood and to make style and terminology consistent throughout the rules.

Rules 26.1 (Foreign Law) and 27 (Proof of Official Record), N.D.R.Crim.P.; Rule 201 (Judicial Notice of Adjudicative Facts), N.D.R.Ev.