Minn. Gen. R. Prac. 21

As amended through October 28, 2024

Rule 21 - Public Access to Records

(a) Except as provided in these Special Rules, the Rules of Public Access to Records of the Judicial Branch, or as limited by court order, all court files relating to civil commitment shall be available to the public for inspection, copying, printing or downloading.

(b) The prepetition screening report, court-appointed examiner's report, and all medical records filed with or received by the court shall not be disclosed to the public except by express order of the district court. This provision shall not limit the ability of any party, witness, or the court to mention the contents of the prepetition screening report, court-appointed examiner's report and medical records in open court or in otherwise publicly accessible pleadings or documents. Any reference at a public hearing or in an otherwise public document to confidential reports or medical records shall not render the reports or medical records available to the public, or create a sufficient basis for making the reports or records available to the public.

(c) Where electronic filing is authorized or required under General Rules of Practice 14, the pre-petition screening report, court-appointed examiner's report, and all medical records filed with the court must be designated as confidential by the filing party. Upon discovery by court administration staff that any pre-petition screening reports, court-appointed examiner reports, or medical records have not been designated as confidential by the filing party, the court administrator shall designate the document as confidential and notify the filer of the change in designation.

(d) The court may, sua sponte, or upon motion and hearing, issue an order prohibiting public access to civil commitment case records that are otherwise accessible to the public only if the court finds that exceptional circumstances exist.

(e) Except when authorized by order of the presiding judge or the Minnesota Supreme Court, there shall be no public access to case records of proceedings seeking commitment of a minor. The petition for commitment of a minor must be designated as confidential by the filing party. Upon discovery by court administration staff that the petition for civil commitment of a minor has not been designated as confidential by the filing party, court administration staff shall designate the petition as confidential and notify the filer of the change in designation.

Minn. Gen. R. Prac. 21

Amended effective 7/1/2015.

Advisory Committee Comment-2015 Amendments

This rule is amended to clarify public access issues with civil commitment case records. Generally, civil commitment case records are publicly accessible. Rule 4, subdivision 2, of the Rules of Public Access to Records of the Judicial Branch sets forth the procedures for when a court may restrict access to public case records.

Rule 21(b) is amended to remove the requirement for the court administrator to maintain confidential documents in a separate section or file as this requirement is no longer applicable with electronic records. As authorized by these rules and Rule 8, subdivision 5(b) of the Rules of Public Access to Records of the Judicial Branch, all medical records, whether submitted to the court or admitted into evidence, are confidential and shall not be accessible to the public except by express order of the district court. Rule 21(c) establishes the duty of the filing party to properly classify medical records as confidential when filed in the E-Filing System. Medical records introduced and admitted into evidence during a hearing remain confidential even if referenced at a public hearing or in an otherwise public document.

There may be times when otherwise public documents should be kept confidential and Rule 21(d) reminds court users that an order restricting public access may be requested by motion or may issue upon the court's own initiative. However, an order granting such relief must include specific findings that support the order granting the request. Pursuant to Minnesota General Rules of Practice 14.06, a Registered User electronically filing a document that is not accessible to the public is responsible for designating that document as confidential in the E-Filing System at the time of filing. A Registered User is defined in Minnesota General Rules of Practice 14.01.

The Rules of Public Access to Records of the Judicial Branch clarify that civil commitment case records are publicly accessible at courthouses, to ensure that court administration can ensure confidentiality is preserved when appropriate. Rule 21(e) contains provisions intended to satisfy the public need for safety and oversight, while safeguarding the privacy interests of minors who may become or who are civilly committed. The collateral consequences of public accessibility to civil commitment records can have long-term impact on minor respondents and adversely impact treatment. Rule 21(e) clarifies that case records of any civil commitment of a minor respondent shall not be publicly accessible absent a district court order or order or directive of the Minnesota Supreme Court or its designee.