Rule 3.944 - Probation Violation(A) Petition; Temporary Custody.(1) Upon receipt of a sworn supplemental petition alleging that the juvenile has violated any condition of probation, the court may:(a) direct that the juvenile be notified pursuant to MCR 3.920 to appear for a hearing on the alleged violation, which notice must include a copy of the probation violation petition and a notice of the juvenile's rights as provided in subrule (C)(1); or(b) order that the juvenile be apprehended and brought to the court for a detention hearing, which, except as otherwise provided in this rule, must be commenced within 24 hours after the juvenile has been taken into court custody, excluding Sundays and holidays as defined in MCR 8.110 (D)(2).(2) When a juvenile is apprehended pursuant to court order as provided in subrule (A)(1)(b), the officer must: (a) forthwith take the juvenile (i) to the court for a detention hearing, or(ii) to the place designated by the court pending the scheduling of a detention hearing; and(b) notify the custodial parent, guardian, or legal custodian that the juvenile has been taken into custody, of the time and place of the detention hearing, if known, and of the need for the presence of the parent, guardian, or legal custodian at the detention hearing.(B) Detention Hearing; Procedure. At the detention hearing: (1) The court must determine whether a parent, guardian, or legal custodian has been notified and is present. If a parent, guardian, or legal custodian has been notified, but fails to appear, the detention hearing may be conducted without a parent, guardian, or legal custodian if a guardian ad litem or attorney appears with the juvenile.(2) The court must provide the juvenile with a copy of the petition alleging probation violation.(3) The court must read the petition to the juvenile, unless the attorney or juvenile waives the reading.(4) The court must advise the juvenile of the juvenile's rights as provided in subrule (C)(1) and of the possible dispositions.(5) The juvenile must be allowed an opportunity to deny or otherwise plead to the probation violation. If the juvenile wishes to admit the probation violation or plead no contest, the court must comply with subrule (D) before accepting the plea.(a) If the juvenile admits the probation violation or pleads no contest, and the court accepts the plea, the court may modify the existing order of probation or may order any disposition available under MCL 712A.18 or MCL 712A.18a.(b) If the juvenile denies the probation violation or remains silent, the court must schedule a probation violation hearing, which must commence within 42 days. The court may order the juvenile detained without bond pending the probation violation hearing if there is probable cause to believe the juvenile violated probation. If the hearing is not commenced within 42 days, and the delay in commencing the hearing is not attributable to the juvenile, the juvenile must be released pending hearing without requiring that bail be posted.(c) If the juvenile is taken into custody for violating a court order under MCL 712A.2(a)(2) to (4) and is detained in a secure facility, the petitioner shall ensure that an appropriately trained, licensed, or certified mental health or substance abuse professional interviews the juvenile in person within 24 hours to assess the immediate mental health and substance abuse needs of the juvenile. The assessment may alternatively be done upon filing of the petition, prior to any order for placement in a secure facility. The completed assessment shall be provided to the court within 48 hours of the placement and the court shall conduct a hearing to determine all of the following: (i) If there is reasonable cause to believe that the juvenile violated the court order.(ii) The appropriate placement of the juvenile pending the disposition of the alleged violation, including if the juvenile should be placed in a secure facility.(C) Probation Violation Hearing. (1) At the probation violation hearing, the juvenile has the following rights:(a) the right to be present at the hearing,(b) the right to an attorney pursuant to MCR 3.915(A)(1),(c) the right to have the petitioner prove the probation violation by a preponderance of the evidence,(d) the right to have the court order any witnesses to appear at the hearing,(e) the right to question witnesses against the juvenile,(f) the right to remain silent and not have that silence used against the juvenile, and(g) the right to testify at the hearing, if the juvenile wants to testify.(2) At the probation violation hearing, the Michigan Rules of Evidence do not apply, other than those with respect to privileges. There is no right to a jury.(3) If it is alleged that the juvenile violated probation by having been found, pursuant to MCR 3.941 or MCR 3.942, to have committed an offense, the juvenile may then be found to have violated probation pursuant to this rule.(D) Pleas of Admission or No Contest. If the juvenile wishes to admit the probation violation or plead no contest, before accepting the plea, the court must:(1) tell the juvenile the nature of the alleged probation violation;(2) tell the juvenile the possible dispositions;(3) tell the juvenile that if the plea is accepted, the juvenile will not have a contested hearing of any kind, so the juvenile would give up the rights that the juvenile would have at a contested hearing, including the rights as provided in subrule (C)(1);(4) confirm any plea agreement on the record;(5) ask the juvenile if any promises have been made beyond those in the plea agreement and whether anyone has threatened the juvenile;(6) establish support for a finding that the juvenile violated probation,(a) by questioning the juvenile or by other means when the plea is a plea of admission, or(b) by means other than questioning the juvenile when the juvenile pleads no contest. The court must also state why a plea of no contest is appropriate;(7) inquire of the parent, guardian, legal custodian, or guardian ad litem whether there is any reason why the court should not accept the juvenile's plea. Agreement or objection by the parent, guardian, legal custodian, or guardian ad litem to a plea of admission or of no contest by a juvenile shall be placed on the record if the parent, guardian, legal custodian, or guardian ad litem is present; and(8) determine that the plea is accurately, voluntarily and understandingly made.(E) Disposition of Probation Violation; Reporting.(1) If, after hearing, the court finds that a violation of probation has occurred, the court may modify the existing order of probation or order any disposition available under MCL 712A.18 or MCL 712A.18a.(2) If, after hearing, the court finds that the juvenile has violated a court order under MCL 712A.2(a)(2) to (4), and the juvenile is ordered to be placed in a secure facility, the order shall include all of the following individualized findings by the court: (a) The court order the juvenile violated;(b) The factual basis for determining that there was a reasonable cause to believe that the juvenile violated the court order;(c) The court's finding of fact to support a determination that there is no appropriate less restrictive alternative placement available considering the best interests of the juvenile;(d) The length of time, not to exceed 7 days, that the juvenile may remain in the secure facility and the plan for the juvenile's release from the facility; and(e) The order may not be renewed or extended.(3) If, after hearing, the court finds that a violation of probation occurred on the basis of the juvenile having committed an offense, that finding must be recorded as a violation of probation only and not a finding that the juvenile committed the underlying offense. That finding must not be reported to the State Police or the Secretary of State as an adjudication or a disposition.(F) Determination of Ability to Pay. A juvenile and/or parent shall not be detained or incarcerated for the nonpayment of court-ordered financial obligations as ordered by the court, unless the court determines that the juvenile and/or parent has the resources to pay and has not made a good-faith effort to do so.Amended May 25, 2016, effective 9/1/2016; amended March 10, 2021, effective 4/4/2021; amended September 22, 2021, effective 9/22/2021.