Rule 32.01 - Use of depositionsAt the trial or upon the hearing of a motion or an interlocutory proceeding, any part or all of a deposition, so far as admissible under the rules of evidence applied as though the witness were then present and testifying, may be used against any party who was present or represented at the taking of the deposition or who had reasonable notice thereof, in accordance with any of the following provisions:
(a) Any deposition may be used by any party for the purpose of contradicting or impeaching the testimony of deponent as a witness.(b) The deposition of a party or of anyone who at the time of taking the deposition was an officer, director, or managing agent, or a person designated under Rule 30.02(6) or 31.01(2) to testify on behalf of a public or private corporation, partnership or association or governmental agency which is a party may be used by an adverse party for any purpose.(c) The deposition of a witness, whether or not a party, may be used by any party for any purpose if the court finds the witness: (i) is at a greater distance than 100 miles from the place where the court sits in which the action is pending or out of the State, unless it appears that the absence of the witness was procured by the party offering the deposition; or(ii) is the Governor, Secretary, Auditor or Treasurer of the State; or(iii) is a judge or clerk of a court; or(v) is a president, cashier, teller or clerk of a bank; or(vi) is a practicing physician, dentist, chiropractor, osteopath, podiatrist or lawyer; or (vii) is a keeper, officer or guard of a penitentiary; or(ix) is of unsound mind, having been of sound mind when his deposition was taken; or(x) is prevented from attending the trial by illness, infirmity, or imprisonment; or(xi) is in the military service of the United States or of this State; or(xii) if the court finds that such exceptional circumstances exist as to make it desirable, in the interest of justice and with due regard to the importance of presenting the testimony of witnesses orally in open court, to allow the deposition to be used.(d) If only part of a deposition is offered in evidence by a party, an adverse party may require him to introduce any other part which ought in fairness to be considered with the part introduced, and any party may introduce any other parts.(e) Depositions may be used in the trial of actions as provided in Rule 43.04.(f) Substitution of parties does not affect the right to use depositions previously taken; and when an action in any court of this state or any United States court sitting in this state, has been dismissed and another action involving the same subject matter is afterward brought between the same parties or their representatives or successors in interest, all depositions lawfully taken and duly filed in the former action may be used in the latter as if originally taken therefor.Amended by Order 92-1, eff. 8/1/1992; prior amendments eff. 1/1/1978, 10/1/1971