Rule 30 - Depositions upon Oral Examination(a) When Depositions May Be Taken; When Leave Required.(1) After commencement of the action, any party may take the testimony of any person, including a party, by deposition upon oral examination. Leave of court, granted with or without notice, must be obtained only (A) if the plaintiff seeks to take a deposition prior to the expiration of 30 days after service of the summons and complaint upon any defendant or service made under Rule 4(e) of these Rules, except that leave is not required (i) if a defendant has served a notice of taking deposition or otherwise sought discovery, or (ii) if special notice is given as provided in subdivision (a)(2)(C) of this Rule, or (B) as provided in paragraph (2) of this Rule. The attendance of witnesses may be compelled by subpoena as provided in Rule 45 of these Rules. (2) A party must obtain leave of court, which shall be granted to the extent consistent with the principles stated in Rule 26(b)(2) of these Rules, if the person to be examined is confined in prison or if, without the written stipulation of the parties: (A) a proposed deposition would result in more than 10 depositions being taken under this Rule or Rule 31 of these Rules by the plaintiffs, or by the defendants, or by third-party defendants; (B) the person to be examined already has been deposed in the case; or (C) a plaintiff seeks to take a deposition before the expiration of the 30 day period specified in Rule 30(a)(1)(A) of these Rules unless the notice contains a certification, with supporting facts, that the person to be examined is about to leave the State or the United States, or is bound on a voyage to sea, and will be unavailable for examination unless deposed before that time. (b)Notice of Examination: General Requirements; Method of Recording; Production of Documents, Electronically Stored Information, and Tangible Things; Deposition of Organization; Deposition by Telephone.(1) A party desiring to take the deposition of any person upon oral examination shall give reasonable notice in writing to every other party to the action. The notice shall state the time and place for taking the deposition and the name and address of each person to be examined, if known, and, if the name is not known, a general description sufficient to identify the person or the particular class or group to which the person belongs. If a subpoena duces tecum is to be served on the person to be examined, the designation of the materials to be produced as set forth in the subpoena shall be attached to, or included in, the notice.(2) The party taking the deposition shall state in the notice the method by which the testimony shall be recorded. Unless the court orders otherwise, it may be recorded by sound, sound-and-visual, or stenographic means, and the party taking the deposition shall bear the cost of the recording. Any party may arrange for a transcription to be made from the recording of a deposition taken by nonstenographic means. (3) With prior notice to the deponent and other parties, any party may designate another method to record the deponent's testimony in addition to the method specified by the person taking the deposition. The additional record or transcript shall be made at that party's expense unless the court otherwise orders. (4) Unless otherwise agreed by the parties, a deposition shall be conducted before an officer appointed or designated under Rule 28 of these Rules and shall begin with a statement on the record by the officer that includes (A) the officer's name and business address; (B) the date, time and place of the deposition; (C) the name of the deponent; (D) the administration of the oath or affirmation to the deponent; and (E) an identification of all persons present. If the deposition is recorded other than stenographically, the officer shall repeat items (A) through (C) at the beginning of each unit of recorded tape or other recording medium. The appearance or demeanor of deponents or attorneys shall not be distorted through camera or sound-recording techniques. At the end of the deposition, the officer shall state on the record that the deposition is complete and shall set forth any stipulations made by counsel concerning the custody of the transcript or recording and the exhibits, or concerning other pertinent matters. (5) The notice to a party deponent may be accompanied by a request made in compliance with Rule 34 of these Rules for the production of documents, electronically stored information, and tangible things at the taking of the deposition. The procedure of Rule 34 of these Rules shall apply to the request. (6) A party may in the party's notice and in a subpoena name as the deponent a public or private corporation or a partnership or association or governmental agency and describe with reasonable particularity the matters on which examination is requested. In that event, the organization so named shall designate one or more officers, directors, or managing agents, or other persons who consent to testify on its behalf, and may set forth, for each person designated, the matters on which the person will testify. A subpoena shall advise a non-party organization of its duty to make such a designation. The persons so designated shall testify as to matters known or reasonably available to the organization. This subdivision (b)(6) does not preclude taking a deposition by any other procedure authorized in these Rules.(7) The parties may stipulate in writing or the court may upon motion order that a deposition be taken by telephone or other remote electronic means. For the purposes of this Rule and Rules 28(a), 37(a)(1) and 37(b)(1), of these Rules a deposition taken by such means is taken in the circuit and at the place where the deponent is to answer questions.(8) The notice shall inform the deponent, of the requirements of subsection (e) of this Rule in substantially the following form: | You are hereby notified that you may request a review of the completed transcript or recording of your deposition. You must make this request before the completion of your deposition. If you make such a request, after being notified by the court reporter or other officer taking the deposition that the transcript or recording is available, you will have 30 days to: (1) review the transcript or recording; and (2) if there are changes in form or substance, to sign a statement reciting such changes and the reasons for making them. |
Failure to substantially comply with this notice requirement prior to the completion of the deposition shall preclude the use of the transcript or recording until the deponent has been provided 30 days within which to review the transcript or recording, and, if there are changes, to sign a statement reciting them and the reasons therefor. Any changes shall be appended to the transcript or recording.
(c) Examination and Cross-Examination; Record of Examination; Oath; Objections. Examination and cross-examination of witnesses may proceed as permitted at the trial under the provisions of the Hawaii Rules of Evidence except Rules 103 and 615. The officer before whom the deposition is to be taken shall put the witness on oath or affirmation and shall personally, or by someone acting under the officer's direction and in the officer's presence, record the testimony of the witness. The testimony shall be taken stenographically or recorded by any other method authorized by subdivision (b)(2) of this Rule. All objections made at the time of the examination to the qualifications of the officer taking the deposition, to the manner of taking it, to the evidence presented, to the conduct of any party, or to any other aspect of the proceedings shall be noted by the officer upon the record of the deposition; but the examination shall proceed, with the testimony being taken subject to the objections. In lieu of participating in the oral examination, parties may serve written questions in a sealed envelope on the party taking the deposition and the party taking the deposition shall transmit them to the officer, who shall propound them to the witness and record the answers verbatim.
(d) Schedule and Duration; Motion to Terminate or Limit Examination. (1) Any objection during a deposition must be stated concisely and in a non-argumentative and non-suggestive manner. A person may instruct a deponent not to answer only when necessary to preserve a privilege, to enforce a limitation directed by the court, or to present a motion under Rule 30(d)(4) of these Rules.(2) Unless otherwise authorized by the court or stipulated by the parties, a deposition is limited to 1 day of 7 hours. The court must allow additional time consistently with Rule 26(b)(2) of these Rules if needed for a fair examination of the deponent or if the deponent or another person, or other circumstance, impedes or delays the examination.(3) If the court finds that any impediment, delay, or other conduct has frustrated the fair examination of the deponent, it may impose upon the persons responsible an appropriate sanction, including the reasonable costs and attorney's fees incurred by any parties as a result thereof. (4) At any time during a deposition, on motion of a party or of the deponent and upon a showing that the examination is being conducted in bad faith or in such manner as unreasonably to annoy, embarrass, or oppress the deponent or party, the court in which the action is pending or the court in the circuit where the deposition is being taken may order the officer conducting the examination to cease forthwith from taking the deposition, or may limit the scope and manner of the taking of the deposition as provided in Rule 26(c) of these Rules. If the order made terminates the examination, it shall be resumed thereafter only upon the order of the court in which the action is pending. Upon demand of the objecting party or deponent, the taking of the deposition must be suspended for the time necessary to make a motion for an order. The provisions of Rule 37(a)(4) of these Rules apply to the award of expenses incurred in relation to the motion. (e) Review by Witness; Changes; Signing. If requested by the deponent or a party before completion of the deposition, the deponent shall have 30 days after being notified by the officer that the transcript or recording is available in which to review the transcript or recording and, if there are changes in form or substance, to sign a statement reciting such changes and the reasons given by the deponent for making them. The officer shall indicate in the certificate prescribed by subdivision (f)(1) of this Rule whether any review was requested and, if so, shall append any changes made by the deponent during the period allowed. (f) Certification and Delivery by Officer; Exhibits; Copies. (1) The officer must certify that the witness was duly sworn by the officer and that the deposition is a true record of the testimony given by the witness. This certificate must be in writing and accompany the record of the deposition. Unless otherwise ordered by the court, the officer must securely seal the deposition in an envelope indorsed with the title of the action and marked "Deposition of [here insert name of witness]" and must promptly send it to the attorney or the unrepresented party who arranged for the transcript or recording, who must store it under conditions that will protect it against loss, destruction, tampering, or deterioration. Unless the court orders otherwise, depositions may be destroyed 6 months after the final disposition of the action, including appeal. Documents, electronically stored information, and tangible things produced for inspection during the examination of the witness must, upon the request of a party, be marked for identification and annexed to the deposition and may be inspected and copied by any party, except that if the person producing the materials desires to retain them the person may (A) offer copies to be marked for identification and annexed to the deposition and to serve thereafter as originals if the person affords to all parties fair opportunity to verify the copies by comparison with the originals, or (B) offer the originals to be marked for identification, after giving to each party an opportunity to inspect and copy them, in which event the materials may then be used in the same manner as if annexed to the deposition. Any party may move for an order that the original be annexed to and returned with the deposition to the court, pending final disposition of the case.
(2) Unless otherwise ordered by the court or agreed by the parties, the officer shall retain stenographic notes of any deposition taken stenographically or a copy of the recording of any deposition taken by another method. Upon payment of reasonable charges therefor, the officer shall furnish a copy of the transcript or other recording of the deposition to any party or to the deponent. (3) The party taking the deposition shall give prompt notice of its filing to all other parties.(g) Failure to Attend or to Serve Subpoena; Expenses. (1) If the party giving the notice of the taking of a deposition fails to attend and proceed therewith and another party attends in person or by attorney pursuant to the notice, the court may order the party giving the notice to pay to such other party the reasonable expenses incurred by that party and that party's attorney in attending, including reasonable attorney's fees. (2) If the party giving the notice of the taking of a deposition of a witness fails to serve a subpoena upon the witness and the witness because of such failure does not attend, and if another party attends in person or by attorney because that party expects the deposition of that witness to be taken, the court may order the party giving the notice to pay to such other party the reasonable expenses incurred by that party and that party's attorney in attending, including reasonable attorney's fees.Amended May 17, 1972, effective 7/1/1972, further amended March 16, 1984, partly effective 3/16/1984, fully effective 5/1/1984; further amended July 26, 1990, effective 9/1/1990; further amended January 16, 1991, effective 1/16/1991; further amended May 7, 2004, effective 7/1/2004; further amended December 30, 2008, effective 7/1/2009; further amended August 3, 2011, effective 1/1/2012; further amended August 29, 2014, effective 1/1/2015; amended October 4, 2019, effective 10/28/2019; amended October 31, 2019, effective 10/28/2019.