Ariz. Co. Jud. Cond. 4.3

As amended through August 22, 2024

Rule 4.3 - Campaign Standards and Communications

During the course of any campaign for nomination or election to judicial office, a judicial candidate, by means of campaign materials, including sample ballots, advertisements in the media, electronic communications, or a speech, press release, or any other public communication, shall not knowingly or with reckless disregard do any of the following:

(A) Post, publish, broadcast, transmit, circulate, or distribute information concerning the judicial candidate or an opponent that would be deceiving or misleading to a reasonable person;

(B) Manifest bias or prejudice toward an opponent that would be prohibited in the performance of judicial duties under Rule 2.3(B), which prohibition does not preclude a judicial candidate from making legitimate reference to the listed factors when they are relevant to the qualifications for judicial office;

(C) Use the title of an office not currently held by a judicial candidate in a manner that implies that the judicial candidate currently holds that office;

(D) Use the term "judge" when the judicial candidate is not a judge unless that term appears after or below the name of the judicial candidate and is accompanied by the words "elect" or "vote," in prominent lettering, before the judicial candidate's name or the word "for," in prominent lettering, between the name of the judicial candidate and the term "judge";

(E) Use the term "re-elect" when the judicial candidate has never been elected at a general or special election to the office for which he or she is a judicial candidate;

(F) Misrepresent the identity, qualifications, present position, or any other fact about the judicial candidate or an opponent;

(G) Make a false or misleading statement concerning the formal education or training completed or attempted by a judicial candidate; a degree, diploma, certificate, scholarship, grant, award, prize, or honor received, earned, or held by a judicial candidate; or the period of time during which a judicial candidate attended any school, technical program, college, or other educational institution;

(H) Make a false or misleading statement concerning the professional, occupational, or vocational licenses held by a judicial candidate, or the candidate's employment history and descriptions of work-related titles or positions;

(I) Make a false or misleading statement about an opponent's personal background or history;

(J) Falsely identify the source of a statement, issue statements under the name of another person without authorization, or falsely state the endorsement of or opposition to a judicial candidate by a person, organization, political party, or publication.

Ariz. Co. Jud. Cond. 4.3

Adopted effective 9/1/2009.

COMMENT

1. A judicial candidate must be scrupulously accurate, fair, and honest in all statements made by the candidate and his or her campaign committee. This rule obligates the candidate and the committee to refrain from making statements that are false or misleading or that omit facts necessary to avoid misleading voters.

2. A sitting judge, who is a judicial candidate for an office other than the court on which he or she currently serves, violates Rule 4.3(C) if he or she used the title "judge" without identifying the court on which the judge currently serves.

3. Judicial candidates are sometimes the subject of false, misleading, or unfair allegations made by opposing candidates, third parties, or the media. For example, false or misleading statements might be made regarding the identity, present position, experience, qualifications, or judicial rulings of a candidate. In other situations, false or misleading allegations may be made that bear upon a candidate's integrity or fitness for judicial office. As long as the candidate does not violate this rule, the candidate may make a factually accurate public response. In addition, when an independent third party has made unwarranted attacks on a candidate's opponent, the candidate may disavow the attacks and request the third party to cease and desist.

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