Wis. Admin. Code Department of Safety and Professional Services SPS 384.20

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Current through December 30, 2024

Section SPS 384.20 - Plumbing fixtures, appliances and equipment

(1) DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION. All plumbing fixtures, appliances and equipment shall be designed and constructed to:

(a) Ensure durability, proper service and sanitation;

(b) Be free from defects;

(c) Be free from concealed fouling surfaces;

(d) Not require undue efforts in cleaning and operating; and

(e) Prevent nonpotable liquids, solids or gasses from being introduced into a potable water supply system through cross-connections.

(2) MATERIALS.

(a) Plumbing fixtures shall have smooth surfaces that are impervious to water.

(b) All plumbing fixture fittings which are end-point devices, covered by the scope of NSF 61, section 9 and installed to supply water intended for human ingestion, shall conform to NSF 61, section 9.

Note: The scope of NSF 61, annex G, defines which devices are intended for use for human ingestion in response to Section 1417 of the federal Safe Drinking Water Act, as amended.

(3) WATER CONSERVING FAUCETS, SPOUTS AND PLUMBING FIXTURES. Water conserving faucets, spouts and plumbing fixtures which meet or exceed the water conservation requirements established in par. (b) shall be installed as specified in par. (a).

(a)

1. All lavatory faucets, shower heads, urinals, urinal flushing devices, water closets and water closet flushing devices shall conform to par. (b).

2. All faucets installed on kitchen sinks of dwelling units and living units shall conform to par. (b) 4.

(b)

1. 'General.' Flow control or flow restricting devices shall be installed on the water inlet side or shall be an integral part of the faucet, spout or fixture. A flow controlling or restricting aerator shall be considered to be an integral part of a faucet or spout.

2. 'Lavatory faucet.'

a. The maximum discharge rate of lavatory faucets shall be 2.2 U.S. gallons per minute at a 60 psig flowing supply pressure.

b. Lavatory faucets that are of the metering type shall allow a maximum of 0.25 U.S. gallon per metering cycle at an 80 psig flowing supply pressure.

3. 'Shower heads.' The maximum discharge rate of shower heads shall be 2.5 U.S. gallons per minute at an 80 psig flowing supply pressure.

4. 'Sink faucets.' The maximum discharge rate of sink faucets shall be 2.2 U.S. gallons per minute at 80 psig flowing supply pressure.

5. 'Urinals.' Urinals shall function properly with a maximum of one U.S. gallon per flush at an 80 psig flowing supply pressure.

6. 'Urinal flushing devices.' The flushing cycle for urinal flushing devices shall discharge a maximum of one U.S. gallon per flush per fixture use at static test pressure of 20 psig and 80 psig.

7. 'Water closets.' Water closets shall function properly with a maximum of 1.6 U.S. gallons per flush over the range of static test pressure specified in Table 384.20.

8. 'Water closet flushing devices.' The flushing cycle for water closet flushing devices shall discharge a maximum of 1.6 U.S. gallons over the range of static test pressures specified in Table 384.20.

Table 384.20

STATIC TEST PRESSURES FOR WATER CLOSETS AND WATER CLOSET FLUSHING DEVICES

Tank Type	Flushometer Type
Tank Type	Siphonic	Blow Out
20 to 80 psig	25 to 80 psig	35 to 80 psig

(4) GENERAL REQUIREMENTS.

(a)Fixture outlets.

1. The outlet passageway of a fixture shall be free from impairments and of sufficient size to insure proper discharge of the fixture contents under normal conditions.

2. The outlet connection of a fixture which directly connects to the drain system shall be an air and watertight joint.

(b)Installation of fixtures.

1. 'Access for cleaning.' Plumbing fixtures shall be so installed as to afford easy access for cleaning both the fixture and the area around it.

2. 'Securing wall mounted fixtures.' Wall mounted fixtures shall be rigidly supported by a hanger which is attached to structural members so that the load is not transmitted to the fixture drain connection or any other part of the plumbing system. The hanger for a wall mounted water closet shall conform to ASME A112.6.1M.

3. 'Water supply protection.' The water supply pipes and fittings within every plumbing fixture shall be so installed as to prevent backflow.

4. 'Design of overflow.' A fixture which is provided with an overflow outlet shall be designed and installed so that standing water in the fixture cannot rise in the overflow when the fixture's stopper is closed, and so that no water remains in the overflow when the fixture is empty.

5. 'Connection of overflows.' The overflow from any fixture shall discharge into the drain system on the inlet or fixture side of the trap.

6. 'Overflows in flush tanks.' Flush tanks shall be provided with overflows discharging to the fixture served and shall be of sufficient size to prevent flooding the tank at the maximum rate at which the tanks are supplied with water.

7. 'Strainers.' All plumbing fixtures other than water closets, clinic sinks, trap standard service sinks with flush rims, urinals, standpipes and waste sinks shall be provided with strainers, cross bars or pop-up stoppers which restrict the clear opening of the waste outlet.

8. 'Flushometer valves.' Flushometer valves shall be equipped with vacuum breakers which conform to ASSE 1001. Flushometer valves may not be used where the water pressure is insufficient to properly operate them. When the valve is operated, it shall complete the cycle of operation automatically, opening fully and closing positively under the water supply pressure. Each flushometer shall be provided with a means for regulating the flow through it.

9. 'Safing.'

a. The floor of all site-constructed shower stalls and shower rooms shall be protected with a safing material installed beneath the finished floor of the entire enclosure or room and upward along the sides to a minimum of 6 inches above the curb or maximum water level of the room or enclosure. The corners of the enclosure or room shall be safed to a height of 6 feet and at least 3 inches in each direction from the corners.

b. All floor drains or other similar fixtures shall be installed with a safing material extending a minimum of 12 inches from the fixture.

c. The safing material shall conform to s. SPS 384.30 (6).

d. The safing material shall be properly drained.

e. All installations directly over an unexcavated portion of a building are exempt from this subdivision.

Note: Chapters SPS 361 to 366 and 390 contain provisions for toilet rooms and sanitary facilities for public buildings and places of employment, including provisions concerning toilet facilities for people with disabilities, fixture compartments, number of fixtures for the different types of occupancies, and toilet room finishes.

(5) PLUMBING FIXTURES AND PLUMBING APPLIANCES.

(a)Automatic clothes washers. Residential type automatic clothes washers shall conform to ASSE 1007 or an approved cross connection method outlined in Table 382.41-1.

(b)Bathtubs.

a. Enameled cast iron bathtubs shall conform to ASME A112.19.1/CSA B45.2.

b. Porcelain enameled formed steel bathtubs shall conform to ASME A112.19.4M.

c. Plastic bathtubs shall conform to CSA B45.5/IAPMO Z124.

2. Bathtubs shall have waste outlets and overflows at least 1-1/2 inches in diameter. A closing device shall be provided on the waste outlet.

3. All whirlpool piping for bathtubs shall drain by gravity to the trap serving the bathtub.

4. All waterways of the whirlpool pump for a bathtub shall drain by gravity to the trap serving the bathtub.

(c)Bidets. Vitreous and non-vitreous china bidets shall conform to the material requirements in ASME A112.19.2/CSA B45.1.

1. A bidet may not be located closer than 15 inches from its center to any side wall, partition, vanity or other obstruction, nor closer than 30 inches center to center from a water closet.

2. Bidets with submerged inlet fittings shall be protected by vacuum breakers which conform to ASSE 1001 or CAN/CSA B64.1.1.

(d)Chemical dispensing systems. Chemical dispensing systems shall conform to ASSE 1055.

(e)Dishwashing machines.

1. Residential type dishwashing machines shall conform to ASSE 1006 or an approved cross connection method outlined in Table 382.41-1.

2. Commercial type dishwashing machines shall conform to ASSE 1004.

(f)Drinking fountains.

1. Drinking fountains and water coolers shall conform to ARI 1010 or ASME A112.19.2.

2. Drinking fountains may not be installed in toilet rooms.

3. The water supply for drinking fountains shall be provided with an adjustable valve fitted with a loose key or an automatic self-closing valve permitting regulation of the rate of flow of water. The water supply issuing from the nozzle shall be of sufficient volume and height so that persons using the fountain need not come in direct contact with the nozzle or orifice.

4. A drinking fountain may not have a waste outlet less than 1-1/4 inches in diameter.

(g)Floor drains.

1. Floor drains shall be provided with removable strainers of sufficient strength to carry the anticipated loads.

2. The floor drain shall be so constructed that it can be cleaned, and the drain inlet shall be accessible at all times.

3. Floor drains shall be of a size to efficiently serve the intended purpose. The floor drain outlet shall not be less than 2 inches in diameter.

(h)Food waste grinders.

1. Residential type food waste grinders shall conform to ASSE 1008. Commercial type food waste grinders shall conform to ASSE 1009 or an approved cross connection method outlined in Table 382.41-1.

2. Food waste grinders shall be connected to a drain of sufficient size to serve the unit, but not less than 1 1/2 inches in diameter.

3. All food waste grinders shall be provided with an adequate supply of cold water at a sufficient flow rate to insure proper functioning of the unit.

(i)Laundry trays. Each compartment of a laundry tray shall be provided with a waste outlet not less than 1 1/2 inches in diameter.

(j)Lavatories.

a. Enameled cast iron lavatories shall conform to ASME A112.19.1M.

b. Vitreous china lavatories shall conform to ASME A112.19.2M.

c. Stainless steel lavatories shall conform to ASME A112.19.3.

d. Porcelain enameled formed steel lavatories shall conform to ASME A112.19.4.

e. Plastic lavatories shall conform to ANSI Z124.3.

2. Cultured marble vanity tops with an integral lavatory shall conform to ANSI Z124.3.

3. Lavatories shall have waste outlets not less than 11/4 inches in diameter.

(k)POWTS design packages and POWTS components. POWTS design packages and POWTS components shall function and perform in accordance with assertions submitted to and approved by the department under s. SPS 384.10.

(l)Showers.

1. Prefabricated plastic showers and shower compartments shall conform to ANSI A124.1.2.

2. Except for combination bathtub-shower units, waste outlets serving showers shall be at least 2 inches in diameter and shall have removable strainers of sufficient strength for the anticipated loads.

3. Where a waste outlet serves more than one shower space or shower head, the waste outlet shall be at least 2 inches in diameter and the waste outlet shall be so located and the floor so pitched that waste water from one shower does not flow over the floor area serving another shower.

Note: Chapters SPS 361 to 366 specify slip-resistant requirements for shower rooms and compartments in public buildings and places of employment.

4. All shower compartments, regardless of shape, shall have a minimum finished interior of 900 square inches and shall be capable of encompassing a circle with a diameter of 30 inches. The minimum required area and dimension shall be measured in a horizontal plane 24 inches above the top of the threshold and may not extend beyond the centerline of the threshold. The minimum area and dimensions shall be maintained to a point 70 inches above the shower waste outlet with no protrusions other than the fixture valve or valves, showerheads, soap dishes, retractable seats and safety grab bars or rails.

Note: See ch. SPS 384 Appendix for further explanatory materials.

(m)Sinks.

a. Enameled cast iron sinks shall conform to ASME A112.19.1M.

b. Vitreous china sinks shall conform to ASME A112.19.2.

c. Stainless steel sinks shall conform to ASME A112.19.3.

d. Porcelain enameled formed steel sinks shall conform to ASME A112.19.4.

e. Plastic sinks shall conform to ANSI Z124.6.

2. Sinks shall be provided with waste outlets not less than 11/2 inches in diameter.

(n)Urinals.

a. Vitreous china urinals shall conform to ASME A112.19.2.

b. Plastic urinals shall conform to ANSI Z124.9.

2. A urinal may not be located closer than 15 inches from its center to any side wall, partition, vanity or other obstruction, nor closer than 30 inches center to center, between urinals.

Note: See ch. SPS 384 Appendix for further explanatory material.

3. Stall type urinals shall be set into the floor and the floor shall be pitched toward the fixture.

4. Automatic siphon urinal flush tanks may not be installed.

5. Pressurized flushing devices to serve urinals shall conform to ASSE 1037.

(o)Water closets.

a. Vitreous china water closets shall conform to ASME A112.19.2.

b. Plastic water closets shall conform to ANSI Z124.4.

2. Except as permitted in subd. 3., all water closets required to be provided in public buildings and places of employment shall be of an elongated bowl type, and provided with either:

a. Hinged, open-front seats without covers; or

b. Hinged, closed-front seats, without covers, which are encased with a continuous plastic sleeve capable of providing a clean surface for every user.

a. Water closets provided in day care centers, individual living units or sleeping units of residential occupancies may be of a round-bowl type with a hinged, closed front seat with or without a cover.

b. Water closets provided in prisons or correctional institutions may be of a round-bowl type, with or without a seat or cover.

4. A water closet may not be located closer than 15 inches from its center to any side wall, partition, vanity, or other obstruction, nor closer than 30 inches center to center, between water closets. There shall be at least 24 inches clearance in front of a water closet to any wall, fixture or door.

Note: See ch. SPS 384 Appendix for further explanatory material.

5. No person may install or maintain pan, plunger, offset washout, washout, long hopper, frostproof and other types of water closets having invisible seals or unventilated spaces or walls not thoroughly cleansed at each flushing.

6. Each water closet shall be individually equipped with a flushing device. Pressurized flushing devices shall conform to ASSE 1037. All flushing devices shall be readily accessible for maintenance and repair. Ballcocks and fill valves shall be of the anti-siphon type and shall conform to ASSE 1002. The critical level mark on the ballcock and fill valve shall be located at least one inch above the full opening of the overflow pipe.

(p)Water heaters.

1. All water heating equipment shall be tested and listed by a nationally recognized, ANSI accredited, third party listing agency acceptable to the department under the appropriate standard listed in Table 384.20-1m.

2. If a dual use (combined potable water and space heating) system requires water for space heating > 125°F, then an ASSE 1017 compliant thermostatic mixing valve shall be installed to limit the initial temperature of water supplied to the potable hot water distribution system to [LESS THAN EQUAL TO] 125°F.

3. Drain valves equal to or larger than 3/4 inch NPS with male GHT outlets, shall be installed at the lowest point of each water heater and hot water storage tank.

4. Water heaters shall be accessible for inspection, service, maintenance, and replacement.

5. Water heaters shall be indelibly labeled as required by the applicable standard listed in Table 384.20-1m.

6. The initial temperature of water from tankless type water heaters installed for one- and 2-family dwelling use shall be d 125°F.

7. Water heaters and storage tanks installed for residential hot water shall have the maximum working pressure indelibly marked on the tank exterior, so it is easily visible after installation.

8. Hot water supply systems shall be equipped with automatic temperature controls capable of adjustments from the lowest to the highest acceptable temperature settings for the intended use.

Table 384.20-1m

Water Heating Standards

Water Heating Type	Standard
One- and 2-Family Dwelling Storage Tank, Electric	UL/ANSI 174 (STANDARD FOR SAFETY Household Electric Storage Tank Water Heaters)
Storage Tank, Oil Fueled	UL/ANSI 732 (STANDARD FOR SAFETY Oil-Fired Storage Tank Water Heaters)
Storage Tank [LESS THAN EQUAL TO] 75,000 BTU/hr., Gas Fueled	CSA/ANSI Z21.10.1/CSA 4.1 (Gas water heaters, volume I, storage water heaters with input ratings of 75,000 BTU per hour or less)
Storage Tank and Instantaneous > 75,000 BTU/hr., Gas Fueled	CSA/ANSI Z21.10.3/CSA 4.3 (Gas-fired water heaters, volume III, storage water heaters with input ratings above 75,000 BTU per hour, circulating and instantaneous)
Commercial Storage Tank, Electric	UL/ANSI 1453 (STANDARD FOR SAFETY Electric Booster and Commercial Storage Tank Water Heaters)
Solid Fuel	UL/ANSI 2523 (STAN DARD FOR SAFETY Solid Fuel-Fired Hydronic Heating Appliances, Water Heaters, and Boilers)
Instantaneous, Electric	UL/ANSI 499 (STANDARD FOR SAFETY Electric Heating Appliances)
Pools and Tubs, Electric	UL/ANSI 1261 (STANDARD FOR SAFETY Electric Water Heaters for Pools and Tubs)
Relief Valve Drain Tubes	ASME/ANSI A112.4.1 (Water Heater Relief Valve Drain Tubes)
Relief Valves	ANSI Z21.22/CSA 4.4 (Relief valves for hot water)
Single Wall Heat Transfer Fluid^a	Category Code: HT-1

^a NSF registration guidelines for proprietary substances and nonfood compounds. The NSF nonfood compounds registration program is a continuation of the USDA product approval and listing program, which is based on meeting regulatory requirements including FDA 21 CFR for appropriate use, ingredient, and labeling: https://info.nsf.org/usda/psnclistings.asp.

(q)Water meters. A water meter which is used pursuant to s. SPS 383.54 (2) shall conform to AWWA C700, AWWA C701, AWWA C702, AWWA C704, AWWA C706, AWWA C707, AWWA C708, or AWWA C710.

(r)Water treatment devices.

1. Water softeners shall conform to NSF-44.

Note: See s. SPS 382.40 for limitations as to the types of water treatment devices which may discharge to a POWTS.

a. Except as provided in subd. 2. b., water treatment devices shall function and perform in accordance with the assertions submitted to the department under s. SPS 384.10, relating to rendering inactive or removing contaminants.

b. A water treatment device which injects a water treatment compound into a water supply system shall maintain the compound concentration in the system over the working flow rate range and pressure range of the device.

3. Except as specified in subd. 4., water treatment compounds introduced into the water supply system by a water treatment device shall be listed as an acceptable drinking water additive by a listing agency approved by the department. Listing agencies approved by the department shall include:

a. United States environmental protection agency;

b. United States food and drug administration; and

c. National sanitation foundation.

4. A water supply system shall be protected from backflow when unlisted water treatment compounds, which may affect the potability of the water, are introduced into the system. The department shall determine the method of backflow protection. Water supply outlets for human use or consumption may not be installed downstream of the introduction of an unlisted water treatment compound.

5. Water treatment devices designed for contaminated water supplies shall be labeled to identify the following information:

a. The name of the manufacturer of the device;

b. The device's trade name; and

c. The device's model number.

(s)Other plumbing fixtures, appliances and equipment. Plumbing fixtures, appliances and equipment not specifically covered in this subsection shall conform to the applicable performance standards of chs. SPS 382 to 384.

(6) FAUCETS, SPOUTS AND FIXTURE SUPPLY CONNECTORS.

(a) Except for circular and semi-circular wash fountains, all faucets and showerheads shall conform to ASME A112.18.1 or CAN/CSA B125.

(b) Circular and semi-circular wash fountains shall conform to the working pressure, burst pressure, discharge rate and product marking requirements of ASME A112.18.1 or CAN/CSA B125.

(c) Flexible fixture supply connectors shall conform to ASME A112.18.6-2017/CSA B125.6-17 and all of the following:

1. Be installed only in locations accessible for service and replacement pursuant to s. SPS 381.01 (2).

2. Be permanently and legibly marked with the following information:

a. Manufacturer's name or trademark.

b. "For use with water in accessible locations only." This requirement is not applicable to flexible connectors integral to an ASME A112.8.1/CSA B125.1 compliant faucet.

c. Flexible connectors intended only for cold water applications shall include "Only for use with cold water." This requirement is not applicable to flexible connectors integral to an ASME A112.8.1/CSA B125.1 compliant fixture.

(d) Hand-held showers, faucets, and fixture fittings with integral backflow protection hose connection outlets shall conform to ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1 or shall have an ASME A112.18.3 backflow prevention device.

Wis. Admin. Code Department of Safety and Professional Services SPS 384.20

Cr. Register, May, 1988, No. 389, eff. 6-1-88; r. (5) (m) 2. to 5., cr. (5) (m) 2. and 3., renum. (5) (m) 7. and 8. to be (5) (m) 4. and 5., Register, March, 1991, No. 423, eff. 4-1-91; am. (5) (l) 1. and (m) 1. a., Register, April, 1992, No. 436, eff. 5-1-92; renum. (5) (o) and (p) to be (5) (p) and (q), cr. (5) (l) 5., (n) 1. d. and (o), am. (5) (m) 6., (n) 1. b. and c., Register, February, 1994, No. 458, eff. 3-1-94; emerg. r. (3) (a) 3., eff. 5-12-94; r. (3) (a) 3., Register, October, 1994, No. 466, eff. 11-1-94; correction in (5) (m) 3. made under s. 13.93(2m) (b) 7, Stats; renum. (5) (j) to (q) to be (5) (k) to (r) and cr. (5) (j), Register, April, 2000, No. 532, eff. 7-1-00; renum. (2) to be (2) (a) and am., (5) (d) to (r) to be (5) (e) to (s) and am. (5) (f), (j) 1. a. to d., (m) 1. and 2., (n) 1. and 2., (o) 1. a., (6) (a) and (b), (r) 1., (5) (L) 2. and renum. 3. to 5. to be 2. to 4.; am. (4) (b) 2., cr. (2) (b), (5) (d), (m) 1. e., (n) 1. b.; r. and recr. (4) (b) 9., Register, December, 2000, No. 540, eff. 1-1-01; CR 01-139: am. (5) (o) 2. b. and 3. Register June 2002 No. 558, eff. 7-1-02; correction in (5) (q) made under s. 13.93(2m) (b) 7, Stats., Register June 2002 No. 558; CR 02-002: am. (5) (n) 2., r. and recr. (6) (c) Register April 2003 No. 568, eff. 5-1-03; CR 02-129: r. (5) (h) 3., renum. (5) (h) 4. to be 3. Register January 2004 No. 577, eff. 2-1-04; CR 04-035: am. (5) (p) 1. Register November 2004 No. 587, eff. 12-1-04; CR 08-055: am. (3) (b) 2. to 8., (5) (b) 1. c., (n) 1. a., b., (o) 1. a., 2. b. and (p) 2. c., r. and recr. (5) (o) 3. Register February 2009 No. 638, eff. 3-1-09; CR 10-064: am. (5) (f) 1., (L) 1., (m) 1. b., (n) 1. a., (o) 1. a., (6) (a), (b), r. (6) (d), renum. (6) (e) to be (6) (d) Register December 2010 No. 660, eff. 1-1-11; correction in (3) (b) 7., 8., (4) (b) 9. c., (5) (k), (q), (r) 2. a., (s) made under s. 13.92(4) (b) 7, Stats., Register December 2011 No. 672.

Amended by, CR 17-065: am. (5) (s) Register June 2018 No. 750, eff. 7/1/2018

Amended by, CR 23-006: am. (5) (a), (b) 1., (c), (e) 1., (h) 1., r. and recr. (5) (p), cr. Table 384.20-1m, r. and recr. (6) (c), am. (6) (d) Register September 2023 No. 813, eff. 10-1-23; correction in (5) (p) 6., made under s. 35.17, Stats., Register September 2023 No. 813, eff. 10/1/2023