Wis. Admin. Code Department of Safety and Professional Services SPS 364.0403

Current through September 30, 2024

Section SPS 364.0403 - Mechanical ventilation

(1) OUTDOOR AIR REQUIRED.

(a) Substitute the following wording for the exception in IMC section 403.2: Where it can be demonstrated that an engineered ventilation system design will prevent the maximum concentration of contaminants from exceeding the maximum obtainable by providing the rate of outdoor air ventilation determined in accordance with IMC section 403.3, as modified by subs. (2) to (6), the minimum required rate of outdoor air may be reduced in accordance with such engineered system design. A ventilation system complying with IMC section 403.3 without the modifications of subs. (2) to (6) is recognized as meeting this exception.

(b) This is a department rule in addition to the requirements in IMC section 403.2: The outdoor air shall be free from contamination of any kind in proportions detrimental to the health and comfort of the general population exposed to it.

(2) RECIRCULATION PROHIBITED. Substitute the following wording for exception 3 in IMC section 403.2.1: Where mechanical exhaust is governed by Table 364.0403 footnote c., recirculation of air from such spaces is prohibited. All air supplied to such spaces shall be exhausted, including any air in excess of that required by Table 364.0403.

(3) RECIRCULATION OF AIR. This is a department informational note to be used under IMC section 403.2.1:

Note: The following are examples where the department will accept air transferred from: corridor to toilet room; corridor to cloak room or janitor closet; dining room to kitchen; locker room to toilet room; gymnasium to locker room; showroom to garage; and corridor to school vocational shops.

(4) TRANSFER AIR. Substitute the following wording for the requirements in IMC section 403.2.2: Except where recirculation from such spaces is prohibited by Table 364.0403, air transferred from occupied spaces is not prohibited from serving as makeup air for required exhaust systems in such spaces as kitchens, baths, toilet rooms, elevators and smoking lounges. The amount of transfer air and exhaust air shall be sufficient to provide the flow rates as specified in sub. (5). The required outdoor air rates specified in Table 364.0403 shall be introduced directly into such spaces or into the occupied spaces from which air is transferred or a combination of both.

(5) VENTILATION RATE. Substitute the following wording for the requirements and exception in IMC section 403.3:

(a)Ventilation rate determination.

1. Except as provided in sub. (1) (a) and s. SPS 364.0300, a mechanical ventilation system shall be designed to have the capacity to supply a minimum outdoor airflow rate of 7.5 cfm per person as determined in accordance with Table 364.0403 based on the occupancy of the space and the occupant load or other parameters stated therein. A mechanical ventilation system shall be designed to have the capacity to exhaust air as specified in Table 364.0403 except as provided in par. (c).

2.

a. Except as provided in subd. 2. b. to d., the occupant load utilized for design of the ventilation system shall not be less than the number determined from the estimated maximum occupant load rate indicated in Table 364.0403.

b. The estimated maximum occupant load rate may be determined using other means with justification acceptable to the department to show that a different number of occupants is reasonable.

c. Where there is no value indicated for the net square feet per person in Table 364.0403, the actual number of occupants shall be used to determine the required amount of outside air.

d. Ventilation rates for occupancies not represented in Table 364.0403 shall be determined by an approved engineering analysis, or by using the most similar occupancy in the table.

(b)Adjacent spaces with differing ventilation requirements.

1. Except as provided in subd. 2., spaces with different ventilation requirements shall be provided with a complete solid separation, or the most stringent ventilation requirement shall apply to all unseparated areas.

2. The separation as specified in subd. 1. is not required where an engineered ventilation design system will prevent the concentration of contaminants from exceeding that obtainable by providing a physical separation.

(c)Exceptions for certain occupancies.

1. `Toilet rooms.' A toilet room that has only one water closet or urinal and no bathtub or shower may be provided with either natural ventilation via a window or louvered opening with at least 2 square feet of area openable directly to the outside or mechanical exhaust ventilation as specified in Table 364.0403.

2. `Janitor closets.' A janitor closet that has only one service sink may be provided with either natural ventilation via a window or louvered opening with at least 2 square feet of area openable directly to the outside or mechanical exhaust ventilation as specified in Table 364.0403.

3. `Locker and shower rooms.' An adjoining locker room, shower room and toilet room shall be exhausted at the rate specified in Table 364.0403 based on the largest amount of exhaust required for any of the three rooms. A negative pressure relationship shall be maintained in the shower and toilet rooms with respect to the locker room.

5. `Pool ventilation.' In a natatorium, the volume of supply air and exhaust air may be reduced to a minimum of 1 cfm per square foot of pool surface provided automatic humidity controls perform so as not to create accelerated building material deterioration from moisture condensation.

(d)Common ventilation system airflow.

1. Substitute the following wording for the requirements in IMC sections 403.1.1.1 through 403.3.1.1.2.3.4: Where multiple spaces having different ventilation rate requirements are served by a common ventilation system, the minimum amount of outdoor airflow supplied by the ventilation system shall equal the total outdoor airflow required for each space if each space is provided with minimum air changes in accordance with this paragraph.

2.

a. Except as provided in subd. 3., an air change rate of 6 air changes per hour shall be provided in each space.

b. The air change air rate under this subsection shall be determined upon either the actual height of the space or 10 feet from the floor level of the space which ever is less.

c. The air movement providing the required minimum air change shall be that amount that is transferred through the air handling equipment where the return air is diluted or replaced with outside air and supplied back to the space.

3. Air change rate of less than 6 air changes per hour is permitted where mechanical cooling is provided to maintain an interior design temperature of 75 degrees F or lower. The air change rate may not be less than the alternative minimum air change rate per hour specified in Table 364.0403. Air changes are not required to be provided for spaces required to be mechanically exhausted.

4. The air change requirement for 6 air changes per hour may be omitted in any of the following applications:

a. Buildings or rooms utilizing spot heating as the only source of heat.

b. Buildings where the requirement for outside air is waived in accordance with s. SPS 364.0401(1) (b) 1.

c. Buildings utilizing natural ventilation as specified in IMC section 402.

(6) SYSTEM OPERATION. Substitute the following wording for the requirements in IMC section 403.3.1.3: The minimum flow rate of outdoor air that the ventilation system must be capable of supplying during its operation may be based on the rate per person indicated in Table 364.0403 and the actual number of occupants present.

(7) R-2, R-3, AND R-4 OCCUPANCIES. The requirements of IMC section 403.3.2 are not included as part of chs. SPS 361 to 366.

Table 364.0403

Ventilation Requirements

Occupancy Classification	Estimated Maximum Occupant Load (persons per 1,000 sq. ft.) a	Exhaust c (cfm/net sq. ft.floor area)	Common VentilationSystem Alternative - Minimum A/C Rateper hour with A/C
Correctional facilities
Sleeping rooms d	20	NR	2.0
Dining halls	100	NR	2.0
Guard stations	40	NR	1.5
Dry cleaners, laundries
Coin-operated dry cleaners	8	NR	1.0
Coin-operated laundries	8	NR	1.0
Commercial dry cleaners	NA	2.0	NR
Commercial laundries	NA	2.0	NR
Storage, pick up	8	NR	1.0
Apartment laundry rooms	NA	0.5	NR
Dwellings, single and multiple
Living areas	2 persons for first bedroom, plus one person for each additional bedroom	NR	1.0
Kitchens d	NA	100 cfm intermittent or 20 cfm continuous	NR
Toilet rooms and bathrooms d	NA	Mechanical exhaust capacity 50 cfm intermittent or 20 cfm continuous per room j	NR
Garages, separated by a solid wall for each dwelling	NA	100 cfm/vehicle	NR
Garages, common for multiple units c	NA	0.5	NR
Education
Auditoriums	150	NR	2.0
Classrooms	50	NR	2.0
Day care facilities	30	NR	2.0
Laboratories (science)	30	NR	2.0
Music rooms	50	NR	2.0
Special education	35	NR	2.0
Training shops	30	NR	2.0
Food and beverage service
Bars and cocktail lounges	100	NR	2.0
Cafeterias, fast food	100	NR	2.0
Dining rooms	70	NR	2.0
Kitchens (cooking) d,e	20	NR	1.0
Health care facilities
Hospitals	See s. SPS 364.0300	See s. SPS 364.0300
Nursing homes	See s. SPS 364.0300	See s. SPS 364.0300
Outpatient surgical facilities	See s. SPS 364.0300	See s. SPS 364.0300	See s. SPS 364.0300
Hotels, motels, resorts and dorms
Assembly rooms	120	NR	2.0
Bathrooms for guest rooms c,d	NA	35 cfm/room	NR
Bedrooms	footnote f	NR	1.0
Conference rooms	50	NR	2.0
Dormitory sleeping areas	20	NR	1.0
Casinos	NA	2.0	NR
Living rooms	footnote f	NR	1.0
Lobbies	30	NR	2.0
Industrial/Factory
Factories and machine shops	13	NR	NR
Foundries	13	NR	NR
Sawmills	NA	NR	NR
Offices
Conference rooms	50	NR	1.5
Office spaces	7	NR	1.5
Reception areas	60	NR	1.5
Telecommunication centers and data entry	60	NR	1.5
Retail stores, sales floors and showroom floors	8	NR	1.0
Seasonal occupancies, camps and lodges
Dining and recreational areas	70	NR	1.0
Living and sleeping areas	NA	NR	1.0
Club houses	15	NR	1.0
Drive-ins	15	NR	1.0
Specialty shops
Automotive service and repair garages	NA	0.5	NR
for gasoline or diesel fueled vehicles c,k,l
Barber shops	25	NR	1.0
Beauty salons h	NA	0.5	NR
Car washes	NA	NR	NR
Clothier, furniture shops	8	NR	1.0
Florist shops	8	NR	1.0
Hardware, drugs, fabrics stores	8	NR	1.0
Nail salons m	NA	0.6	NR
Supermarkets	8	NR	1.0
Sports and amusement
Ballrooms and discos	100	NR	2.0
Bleacher areas	363 or 18 in./person	NR	2.0
Bowling centers (seating areas)	70	NR	2.0
Game rooms	70	NR	2.0
Ice skating rinks (indoor)	5	NR	NR
Natatoriums	NA	2.0 cfm/sq. ft. pool area	NR
Playing floor (gymnasiums)	30	NR	2.0
Roller skating rinks (indoor)	30	NR	2.0
Spectator areas (non-bleacher)	150	NR	2.0
Storage
Chlorine storage and handling rooms	NA	2.0	NR
Enclosed parking garages i,n	NA	0.5	NR
Warehouses o	NA	NR	NR
Theaters
Auditoriums	150	NR	2.0
Lobbies	150	NR	2.0
Stages, studios	70	NR	2.0
Ticket booths	60	NR	2.0
Transportation
Platforms	100	NR	2.0
Waiting rooms	100	NR	2.0
Aircraft hangars (for 2 or more aircraft or any hangar with adjacent occupancies)	NA	0.5	NR
Utility and public spaces
Elevator cars	NA	1.0	NR
Janitor closets	NA	2.0 or 75 cfm/sink g	NR
Locker and dressing rooms c	NA	0.5	NR
Shower rooms (per shower head)	NA	50 cfm intermittent or 20 cfm continuous	NR
Toilet rooms c,d	NA	75 cfm/TF g	NR
Workrooms
Bank vault	5	NR	NR
Meat processing	10	NR	NR
Pharmacy	20	NR	1.5
Photo studio	10	NR	1.0
Printing	13	footnote j	NR

NA = not applicable; NR = none required; cfm = cubic feet per minute; TF = toilet fixtures (water closets and urinals); A/C = air conditioning

a. Based upon net floor area.

b. The ventilation rate is based upon cubic feet per minute per square foot of the floor area being ventilated.

c. Mechanical exhaust is required and the recirculation of air from these spaces that would otherwise be allowed by IMC section 403.2.1 is prohibited.

d. Transfer air is permitted in accordance with IMC section 403.2.2.

e. Provide an exhaust rate of not less than 1.5 cfm/sf.

f. The minimum mechanical ventilation rate is 15 cfm/room of outside air.

g. Natural ventilation may be allowed under this section.

h. The classification of a `beauty' salon depends on the types of services provided. Only beauty salons that routinely provide chemical processing of hair to produce texture or color changes.

i. Enclosed parking garages are parking garages that fail to meet the criteria for open garages in IBC section 406.5.2. Ventilation systems in enclosed parking garages shall comply with IMC section 502.13. A mechanical ventilation system may not be required if the room or space meets all of the following:

1. Has a floor area of 850 square feet or less.

2. Used for the storage of 5 or fewer motorized vehicles.

3. Meets the natural ventilation requirements of IMC 402 and s. SPS 364.0402.

j. Refer to IMC chapter 5 for exhaust requirements based upon the chemicals used.

k. For compressed natural gas IMC 502.16.

l. Mezzanine floor areas that are open to a service and/or repair area may not be included as floor area when determining the minimum exhaust rate from the room or space.

m. For nail salons, the required exhaust shall include ventilation tables or other systems that capture the contaminants and odors. The exhaust system shall be capable of exhausting the greater of 50 cfm per station or 0.6 cfm per square foot of work area. The exhaust inlet shall be located in the work area.

n. The requirements for enclosed parking garages shall apply to all buildings, or rooms, spaces, or parts of buildings, into which motor vehicles are being driven for loading or unloading, or that are stored.

o. Warehouses include indoor drive-through self-service storage facilities in which a customer may temporarily park a motorized vehicle for purposes of loading and unloading materials, provided the motor is not running.

Wis. Admin. Code Department of Safety and Professional Services SPS 364.0403

CR 00-179: cr. Register December 2001 No. 552, eff. 7-1-02; CR 01-135: renum. (3) to be (3) (b), cr. (3) (a), (4) (a) 6. and (5) (d), am. (5) (a), (b) 1. a., (c) 1. and (6) Table; CR 01-139: renum. (3) to (6) to be (4), (6), (8) and (9), cr. (3), (5) and (7), am. (6) Table, r. and recr. (6) Register June 2002 No. 558, eff. 7-1-02; CR 04-016: am. Table 64.0403 Register December 2004 No. 588, eff. 1-1-05; CR 06-120: r. (1), (4) (a), (6) (a) 3., 6. and (d), am. (2) (a) and (3), renum. (4) (b) to be (4), r. and recr. (6) (intro.), (a) 1., (8) and Table 64.0403 Register February 2008 No. 626, eff. 3-1-08; CR 10-103: r. (6) (c) 4., (9), r. and recr. Table 64.0403, renum. (2) to (7), (8) to (1) to (6), (5) (d) and am. Register August 2011 No. 668, eff. 9-1-11; correction in (2), (4), (5) (a) 1., 2. a., c., d., (c) 1., 2., 3., (d) 2. d., (6), Table 346.0403 made under s. 13.92(4) (b) 7, Stats., Register December 2011 No. 672.

Amended by, CR 16-094: am. (5) (d) 1., renum. (5) (d) 2. d. to (d) 3. and am., cr. (5) (d) 4., am. (6), cr. (7), am. Table 364.0403 Register April 2018 No. 748, eff. 5-1-18; correction in (4), (5) (d) 2. a. made under s. 13.92(4) (b) 7, Stats., Register April 2018 No. 748, eff. 5/1/2018