Section 296-24-95709 - Specific purpose equipment and installations(1)Electric signs and outline lighting.(a)Disconnecting means.(i) Each sign and outline lighting system, or feeder circuit or branch circuit supplying a sign or outline lighting system, must be controlled by an externally operable switch or circuit breaker that will open all ungrounded conductors. However, a disconnecting means is not required for an exit directional sign located within a building or for cord-connected signs with an attachment plug.(ii) Signs and outline lighting systems located within fountains must have the disconnect located at least 5 feet from the inside walls of the fountain.(b)Location.(i) The disconnecting means must be within sight of the sign or outline lighting system that it controls. Where the disconnecting means is out of the line of sight from any section that may be energized, the disconnecting means must be capable of being locked in the open position.(ii) Signs or outline lighting systems operated by electronic or electromechanical controllers located external to the sign or outline lighting system may have a disconnecting means located within sight of the controller or in the same enclosure with the controller. The disconnecting means must disconnect the sign or outline lighting system and the controller from all ungrounded supply conductors. It must be designed so no pole can be operated independently and must be capable of being locked in the open position.(iii) You must provide either doors or covers giving access to uninsulated parts of indoor signs or outline lighting exceeding 600 volts and accessible to other than qualified persons with interlock switches to disconnect the primary circuit or you must fasten them so that the use of other than ordinary tools will be necessary to open them.(2)Cranes and hoists. This subsection applies to the installation of electric equipment and wiring used in connection with cranes, monorail hoists, hoists, and all runways. (a)Disconnecting means for runway conductors. You must provide a disconnecting means between the runway contact conductors and the power supply. Such disconnecting means must consist of a motor-circuit switch, circuit breaker, or molded case switch. The disconnecting means must open all ungrounded conductors simultaneously and must be: (i) Readily accessible and operable from the ground or floor level; (ii) Arranged to be locked in the open position; and (iii) Placed within view of the runway contact conductors.(b)Disconnecting means for cranes and monorail hoists.(i) Except as provided in (b)(iv) of this subsection, you must provide a motor-circuit switch, molded case switch, or circuit breaker in the leads from the runway contact conductors or other power supply on all cranes and monorail hoists.(ii) The disconnecting means must be capable of being locked in the open position.(iii) You must provide means at the operating station to open the power circuit to all motors of the crane or monorail hoist where the disconnecting means is not readily accessible from the crane or monorail hoist operating station.(iv) The disconnecting means may be omitted where a monorail hoist or hand-propelled crane bridge installation meets all of the following conditions: (A) The unit is controlled from the ground or floor level;(B) The unit is within view of the power supply disconnecting means; and(C) No fixed work platform has been provided for servicing the unit.(c)Limit switch. You must provide a limit switch or other device to prevent the load block from passing the safe upper limit of travel of any hoisting mechanism.(d)Clearance. The dimension of the working space in the direction of access to live parts that may require examination, adjustment, servicing, or maintenance while alive must be a minimum of 2 feet 6 inches. Where controls are enclosed in cabinets, the doors shall either open at least 90 degrees or be removable.(3)Elevators, dumbwaiters, escalators, moving walks, wheelchair lifts, and stairway chair lifts. The following requirements apply to elevators, dumbwaiters, escalators, moving walks, wheelchair lifts, and stairway chair lifts. (a)Disconnecting means. Elevators, dumbwaiters, escalators, moving walks, wheelchair lifts, and stairway chair lifts must have a single means for disconnecting all ungrounded main power supply conductors for each unit.(b)Control panels. You must locate control panels not located in the same space as the drive machine in cabinets with doors or panels capable of being locked closed.(c)Type. The disconnecting means must be an enclosed externally operable fused motor circuit switch or circuit breaker capable of being locked in the open position. The disconnecting means must be a listed device.(d)Operation. No provision may be made to open or close this disconnecting means from any other part of the premises. If sprinklers are installed in hoistways, machine rooms, or machinery spaces, the disconnecting means may automatically open the power supply to the affected elevators prior to the application of water. No provision may be made to close this disconnecting means automatically (that is, power may only be restored by manual means).(e)Location. You must locate the disconnecting means where it is readily accessible to qualified persons. (i) On elevators without generator field control, you must locate the disconnecting means within sight of the motor controller. You must provide driving machines or motion and operation controllers not within sight of the disconnecting means with a manually operated switch installed in the control circuit adjacent to the equipment in order to prevent starting. Where the driving machine is located in a remote machinery space, you must provide a single disconnecting means for disconnecting all ungrounded main power supply conductors that is capable of being locked in the open position.(ii) On elevators with generator field control, you must locate the disconnecting means within sight of the motor controller for the driving motor of the motor-generator set. You must provide driving machines, motor-generator sets, or motion and operation controllers not within sight of the disconnecting means with a manually operated switch installed in the control circuit to prevent starting. You must install the manually operated switch adjacent to this equipment. Where the driving machine or the motor-generator set is located in a remote machinery space, you must provide a single means for disconnecting all ungrounded main power supply conductors that is capable of being locked in the open position.(iii) On escalators and moving walks, you must install the disconnecting means in the space where the controller is located.(iv) On wheelchair lifts and stairway chair lifts, you must locate the disconnecting means within sight of the motor controller.(f)Identification and signs.(i) Where there is more than one driving machine in a machine room, you must number the disconnecting means to correspond to the identifying number of the driving machine that they control.(ii) You must provide the disconnecting means with a sign to identify the location of the supply-side overcurrent protective device.(g)Single-car and multicar installations. On single-car and multicar installations, you must provide equipment receiving electrical power from more than one source with a disconnecting means for each source of electrical power. The disconnecting means must be within sight of the equipment served.(h)Warning sign for multiple disconnecting means. You must mount a warning sign on or next to the disconnecting means where multiple disconnecting means are used and parts of the controllers remain energized from a source other than the one disconnected. The sign must be clearly legible and must read "WARNING-PARTS OF THE CONTROLLER ARE NOT DEENERGIZED BY THIS SWITCH."(i)Interconnection between multicar controllers. You must mount a warning sign worded as required in (h) of this subsection on or next to the disconnecting means where interconnections between controllers are necessary for the operation of the system on multicar installations that remain energized from a source other than the one disconnected.(j)Motor controllers. Motor controllers may be located outside the spaces otherwise required by this subsection provided they are in enclosures with doors or removable panels capable of being locked closed and the disconnecting means is located adjacent to or is an integral part of the motor controller. Motor controller enclosures for escalators or moving walks may be located in the balustrade on the side located away from the moving steps or moving treadway. If the disconnecting means is an integral part of the motor controller, it must be operable without opening the enclosure.(4)Electric welders-Disconnecting means.(a)Arc welders. You must provide a disconnecting means in the supply circuit for each arc welder that is not equipped with a disconnect mounted as an integral part of the welder. The disconnecting means must be a switch or circuit breaker, and its rating may not be less than that necessary to accommodate overcurrent protection.(b)Resistance welders. You must provide a switch or circuit breaker by which each resistance welder and its control equipment can be disconnected from the supply circuit. The ampere rating of this disconnecting means may not be less than the supply conductor ampacity. The supply circuit switch may be used as the welder disconnecting means where the circuit supplies only one welder.(5)Information technology equipment.(a)Disconnecting means. You must provide a means to disconnect power to all electronic equipment in an information technology equipment room. There must also be a similar means to disconnect the power to all dedicated heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems serving the room and to cause all required fire/smoke dampers to close.(b)Grouping. You must group and identify the control for these disconnecting means and they must be readily accessible at the principal exit doors. A single means to control both the electronic equipment and HVAC system is permitted.(c)Exception. Integrated electrical systems covered by WAC 296-24-95713(7) need not have the disconnecting means required by (a) of this subsection.(6)X-ray equipment. This subsection applies to X-ray equipment. (a)Disconnecting means.(i) You must provide a disconnecting means in the supply circuit. The disconnecting means must be operable from a location readily accessible from the X-ray control. For equipment connected to a 120-volt branch circuit of 30 amperes or less, a grounding-type attachment plug cap and receptacle of proper rating may serve as a disconnecting means.(ii) If more than one piece of equipment is operated from the same high-voltage circuit, you must provide each piece or each group of equipment as a unit with a high-voltage switch or equivalent disconnecting means. The disconnecting means must be constructed, enclosed, or located so as to avoid contact by employees with its live parts.(b)Control. The following requirements apply to industrial and commercial laboratory equipment: (i) You must effectively enclose radiographic and fluoroscopic-type equipment or it must have interlocks that deenergize the equipment automatically to prevent ready access to live current-carrying parts; and(ii) Diffraction- and irradiation-type equipment must have a pilot light, readable meter deflection, or equivalent means to indicate when the equipment is energized, unless the equipment or installation is effectively enclosed or is provided with interlocks to prevent access to live current-carrying parts during operation.(7)Induction and dielectric heating equipment. This subsection applies to induction and dielectric heating equipment and accessories for industrial and scientific applications, but not for medical or dental applications or for appliances. (a)Guarding and grounding.(i) You must completely contain the converting apparatus (including the DC line) and high-frequency electric circuits (excluding the output circuits and remote-control circuits) within enclosures of noncombustible material.(ii) All panel controls must be of dead-front construction.(iii) Doors or detachable panels must be employed for internal access. Where doors are used giving access to voltages from 500 to 1000 volts AC or DC, either you must provide door locks or you must install interlocks. Where doors are used giving access to voltages of over 1000 volts AC or DC, you must provide either mechanical lockouts with a disconnecting means to prevent access until circuit parts within the cubicle are deenergized, or both door interlocking and mechanical door locks. You must fasten detachable panels not normally used for access to such parts in a manner that will make them difficult to remove (for example, by requiring the use of tools).(iv) You must attach warning labels or signs that read "DANGER-HIGH VOLTAGE-KEEP OUT" to the equipment and they must be plainly visible where persons might contact energized parts when doors are opened or closed or when panels are removed from compartments containing over 250 volts AC or DC.(v) You must protect induction and dielectric heating equipment as follows: (A) You must use protective cages or adequate shielding to guard work applicators other than induction heating coils;(B) You must protect induction heating coils by insulation or refractory materials or both;(C) You must use interlock switches on all hinged access doors, sliding panels, or other such means of access to the applicator, unless the applicator is an induction heating coil at DC ground potential or operating at less than 150 volts AC; and(D) You must connect interlock switches in such a manner as to remove all power from the applicator when any one of the access doors or panels is open.(vi) You must provide a readily accessible disconnecting means by which each heating equipment can be isolated from its supply circuit. The ampere rating of this disconnecting means may not be less than the nameplate current rating of the equipment. The supply circuit disconnecting means is permitted as a heating equipment disconnecting means where the circuit supplies only one piece of equipment.(b)Remote control.(i) If remote controls are used for applying power, you must provide and interlock a selector switch to provide power from only one control point at a time.(ii) You must provide switches operated by foot pressure with a shield over the contact button to avoid accidental closing of the switch.(8)Electrolytic cells. This subsection applies to the installation of the electrical components and accessory equipment of electrolytic cells, electrolytic cell lines, and process power supply for the production of aluminum, cadmium, chlorine, copper, fluorine, hydrogen peroxide, magnesium, sodium, sodium chlorate, and zinc. Cells used as a source of electric energy and for electroplating processes and cells used for production of hydrogen are not covered by this subsection. (a)Application. Installations covered by subsection (8) of this section must comply with all applicable provisions of this part, except as follows: (i) Overcurrent protection of electrolytic cell DC process power circuits need not comply with the requirements of WAC 296-24-95705(6);(ii) Equipment located or used within the cell line working zone or associated with the cell line DC power circuits need not comply with the provisions of WAC 296-24-95705(7); and(iii) Electrolytic cells, cell line conductors, cell line attachments, and the wiring of auxiliary equipment and devices within the cell line working zone need not comply with the provisions of WAC 296-24-95705 or 296-24-95703(2) and (3).(b)Disconnecting means. If more than one DC cell line process power supply serves the same cell line, you must provide a disconnecting means on the cell line circuit side of each power supply to disconnect it from the cell line circuit. Removable links or removable conductors may be used as the disconnecting means.(c)Portable electric equipment.(i) The frames and enclosures of portable electric equipment used within the cell line working zone may not be grounded, unless the cell line circuit voltage does not exceed 200 volts DC or the frames are guarded.(ii) You must distinctively mark underground portable electric equipment and it must employ plugs and receptacles of a configuration that prevents connection of this equipment to grounding receptacles and that prevents inadvertent interchange of ungrounded and grounded portable electric equipment.(d)Power supply circuits and receptacles for portable electric equipment.(i) Circuits supplying power to ungrounded receptacles for hand-held, cord- and plug-connected equipment must meet the following requirements: (A) You must electrically isolate the circuits from any distribution system supplying areas other than the cell line working zone and ensure that they are ungrounded;(B) The circuits must be supplied through isolating transformers with primaries operating at not more than 600 volts between conductors and protected with proper overcurrent protection;(C) The secondary voltage of the isolating transformers may not exceed 300 volts between conductors; and(D) All circuits supplied from the secondaries must be ungrounded and must have an approved overcurrent device of proper rating in each conductor.(ii) Receptacles and their mating plugs for ungrounded equipment may not have provision for a grounding conductor and must be of a configuration that prevents their use for equipment required to be grounded.(iii) Receptacles on circuits supplied by an isolating transformer with an ungrounded secondary: (A) Must have a distinctive configuration;(B) Must be distinctively marked; and(C) May not be used in any other location in the facility.(e)Fixed and portable electric equipment.(i) The following need not be grounded: (A) AC systems supplying fixed and portable electric equipment within the cell line working zone; and(B) Exposed conductive surfaces, such as electric equipment housings, cabinets, boxes, motors, raceways and the like that are within the cell line working zone. (ii) You must connect auxiliary electric equipment, such as motors, transducers, sensors, control devices, and alarms, mounted on an electrolytic cell or other energized surface to the premises wiring systems by any of the following means: (A) Multiconductor hard usage or extra hard usage flexible cord;(B) Wire or cable in suitable nonmetallic raceways or cable trays; or(C) Wire or cable in suitable metal raceways or metal cable trays installed with insulating breaks such that they will not cause a potentially hazardous electrical condition.(iii) Fixed electric equipment may be bonded to the energized conductive surfaces of the cell line, its attachments, or auxiliaries. If fixed electric equipment is mounted on an energized conductive surface, you must bond it to that surface.(f)Auxiliary nonelectrical connections. Auxiliary nonelectrical connections such as air hoses, water hoses, and the like, to an electrolytic cell, its attachments, or auxiliary equipment may not have continuous conductive reinforcing wire, armor, braids, or the like. Hoses must be of a nonconductive material.(g)Cranes and hoists.(i) The conductive surfaces of cranes and hoists that enter the cell line working zone need not be grounded. You must insulate the portion of an overhead crane or hoist that contacts an energized electrolytic cell or energized attachments from ground.(ii) Remote crane or hoist controls that may introduce hazardous electrical conditions into the cell line working zone must employ one or more of the following systems: (A) Isolated and ungrounded control circuit;(B) Nonconductive rope operator;(C) Pendant pushbutton with nonconductive supporting means and with nonconductive surfaces or ungrounded exposed conductive surfaces; or(9)Electrically driven or controlled irrigation machines.(a)Lightning protection. If an irrigation machine has a stationary point, you must connect a grounding electrode system to the machine at the stationary point for lightning protection.(b)Disconnecting means.(i) You must locate the main disconnecting means for a center pivot irrigation machine at the point of connection of electrical power to the machine or you must ensure that they are visible and not more than 50 feet from the machine.(ii) The disconnecting means must be readily accessible and capable of being locked in the open position.(iii) You must provide a disconnecting means for each motor and controller.(10)Swimming pools, fountains, and similar installations. This subsection applies to electric wiring for and equipment in or adjacent to all swimming, wading, therapeutic, and decorative pools and fountains; hydro-massage bathtubs, whether permanently installed or storable; and metallic auxiliary equipment, such as pumps, filters, and similar equipment. Therapeutic pools in health care facilities are exempt from these provisions. (a)Receptacles.(i) A single receptacle of the locking and grounding type that provides power for a permanently installed swimming pool recirculating pump motor may be located not less than 5 feet from the inside walls of a pool. You must locate all other receptacles on the property at least 10 feet from the inside walls of a pool.(ii) You must protect receptacles that are located within 15 feet, or 20 feet if the installation was built after August 13, 2007, of the inside walls of the pool by ground-fault circuit interrupters.(iii) Where a pool is installed permanently at a dwelling unit, at least one 125-volt, 15- or 20-ampere receptacle on a general-purpose branch circuit must be located a minimum of 10 feet and not more than 20 feet from the inside wall of the pool. You must locate this receptacle not more than 6 feet 6 inches above the floor, platform, or grade level serving the pool. Note: In determining these dimensions, the distance to be measured is the shortest path the supply cord of an appliance connected to the receptacle would follow without piercing a floor, wall, or ceiling of a building or other effective permanent barrier.
(b)Lighting fixtures, lighting outlets, and ceiling suspended (paddle) fans.(i) In outdoor pool areas, lighting fixtures, lighting outlets, and ceiling-suspended (paddle) fans may not be installed over the pool or over the area extending 5 feet horizontally from the inside walls of a pool unless no part of the lighting fixture of a ceiling-suspended (paddle) fan is less than 12 feet above the maximum water level. However, a lighting fixture or lighting outlet that was installed before April 16, 1981, may be located less than 5 feet measured horizontally from the inside walls of a pool if it is at least 5 feet above the surface of the maximum water level and is rigidly attached to the existing structure. You must also protect it by a ground-fault circuit interrupter installed in the branch circuit supplying the fixture.(ii) You must protect lighting fixtures and lighting outlets installed in the area extending between 5 feet and 10 feet horizontally from the inside walls of a pool by a ground-fault circuit interrupter unless installed 5 feet above the maximum water level and rigidly attached to the structure adjacent to or enclosing the pool.(c)Cord- and plug-connected equipment. Flexible cords used with the following equipment may not exceed 3 feet in length and must have a copper equipment grounding conductor with a grounding-type attachment plug: (i) Cord- and plug-connected lighting fixtures installed within 16 feet of the water surface of permanently installed pools; and(ii) Other cord- and plug-connected, fixed or stationary equipment used with permanently installed pools.(d)Underwater equipment.(i) You must install a ground-fault circuit interrupter in the branch circuit supplying underwater fixtures operating at more than 15 volts. You must identify equipment installed underwater for the purpose.(ii) No underwater lighting fixtures may be installed for operation at over 150 volts between conductors.(iii) A lighting fixture facing upward must have the lens adequately guarded to prevent contact by any person.(e)Fountains. You must protect all electric equipment, including power supply cords, operating at more than 15 volts and used with fountains by ground-fault circuit interrupters.(11)Carnivals, circuses, fairs, and similar events. This subsection covers the installation of portable wiring and equipment, including wiring in or on all structures, for carnivals, circuses, exhibitions, fairs, traveling attractions, and similar events. (a)Protection of electric equipment. You must provide electric equipment and wiring methods in or on rides, concessions, or other units with mechanical protection where such equipment or wiring methods are subject to physical damage.(b)Installation.(i) You must install services in accordance with applicable requirements of this part, and, in addition, they must comply with the following: (A)Service equipment may not be installed in a location that is accessible to unqualified persons, unless the equipment is lockable; and(B) You must mount service equipment on solid backing and installed so as to be protected from the weather, unless the equipment is of weatherproof construction.(ii) You must maintain amusement rides and amusement attractions not less than 15 feet in any direction from overhead conductors operating at 600 volts or less, except for the conductors supplying the amusement ride or attraction. Amusement rides or attractions may not be located under or within 15 feet horizontally of conductors operating in excess of 600 volts.(iii) You must list flexible cords and cables for extra-hard usage. When used outdoors, you must also list flexible cords and cables for wet locations and must be sunlight resistant.(iv) Single conductor cable must be size No. 2 or larger.(v) Open conductors are prohibited except as part of a listed assembly or festoon lighting installed in accordance with WAC 296-24-95705(3).(vi) Flexible cords and cables must be continuous without splice or tap between boxes or fittings. Cord connectors may not be laid on the ground unless listed for wet locations. Connectors and cable connections may not be placed in audience traffic paths or within areas accessible to the public unless guarded.(vii) Wiring for an amusement ride, attraction, tent, or similar structure may not be supported by another ride or structure unless specifically identified for the purpose.(viii) You must cover flexible cords and cables run on the ground, where accessible to the public, with approved nonconductive mats. You must arrange cables and mats so as not to present a tripping hazard.(ix) You must install a box or fitting at each connection point, outlet, switch point, or junction point.(c)Inside tents and concessions. You must securely install electrical wiring for temporary lighting, where installed inside of tents and concessions, and, where subject to physical damage, you must provide it with mechanical protection. You must protect all temporary lamps for general illumination from accidental breakage by a suitable fixture or lampholder with a guard.(d)Portable distribution and termination boxes. Employers may only use portable distribution and termination boxes that meet the following requirements: (i) Boxes must be designed so that no live parts are exposed to accidental contact. Where installed outdoors, the box must be of weatherproof construction and mounted so that the bottom of the enclosure is not less than 6 inches above the ground;(ii) Busbars must have an ampere rating not less than the overcurrent device supplying the feeder supplying the box. You must provide busbar connectors where conductors terminate directly on busbars;(iii) Receptacles must have overcurrent protection installed within the box. The overcurrent protection may not exceed the ampere rating of the receptacle, except as permitted in WAC 296-24-95707(10)(d) for motor loads;(iv) Where single-pole connectors are used, they must comply with the following: (A) Where AC single-pole portable cable connectors are used, they must be listed and of the locking type. Where paralleled sets of current-carrying single-pole separable connectors are provided as input devices, you must prominently label them with a warning indicating the presence of internal parallel connections. The use of single-pole separable connectors must comply with at least one of the following conditions: (I) Connection and disconnection of connectors are only possible where the supply connectors are interlocked to the source and it is not possible to connect or disconnect connectors when the supply is energized; or(II) Line connectors are of the listed sequential-interlocking type so that load connectors are connected in the following sequence: * Equipment grounding conductor connection;
* Grounded circuit-conductor connection, if provided; and
* Ungrounded conductor connection; and so that disconnection is in the reverse order; or
(III) A caution notice is provided adjacent to the line connectors indicating that plug connection must be in the following sequence: * Equipment grounding conductor connection;
* Grounded circuit-conductor connection, if provided; and
* Ungrounded conductor connection; and indicating that disconnection is in the reverse order; and
(B) Single-pole separable connectors used in portable professional motion picture and television equipment may be interchangeable for AC or DC use or for different current ratings on the same premises only if they are listed for AC/DC use and marked to identify the system to which they are connected;(v) You must provide overcurrent protection of equipment and conductors; and(vi) You must bond the following equipment connected to the same source: (A) Metal raceways and metal sheathed cable;(B) Metal enclosures of electrical equipment; and(C) Metal frames and metal parts of rides, concessions, trailers, trucks, or other equipment that contain or support electrical equipment.(e)Disconnecting means.(i) You must provide each ride and concession with a fused disconnect switch or circuit breaker located within sight and within 6 feet of the operator's station.(ii) The disconnecting means must be readily accessible to the operator, including when the ride is in operation.(iii) Where accessible to unqualified persons, the enclosure for the switch or circuit breaker must be of the lockable type.(iv) A shunt trip device that opens the fused disconnect or circuit breaker when a switch located in the ride operator's console is closed is a permissible method of opening the circuit.(12)Safety procedure and protective equipment required for exposure to movie theater Xenon bulbs.Exposure also includes opening of the lamphouse where the bulb is installed. The following are minimum requirements for theater personnel or others who install, change, or dispose of Xenon bulbs and are exposed to potential explosion hazard:
(a) You must store all bulbs, new, used or subject to future disposal, in the protective jacket provided until time of use;(b) You must furnish protective equipment at no cost to the employee and the use shall be strictly enforced for any exposed employee. Basic safety equipment required is: (i) Full protective face shield with crown protector;(ii) Safety glasses for use under face shield (to meet required impact resistance test of ANSI Z87.1);(iii) Impact resistant, long-sleeved jacket of a length adequate to protect vital organs; and(iv) Impact resistant gloves.(c) A bulb subject to disposal should be removed with the regular, proper precautions, carefully placed in its protective jacket or cover and deliberately broken by dropping from a sufficient height. You must never dispose of an unbroken bulb as regular garbage or trash.(d) You must handle bulbs only at room temperature. If they have been in operation, you must allow adequate time (at least ten minutes) for the bulb to cool to room temperature before handling.Wash. Admin. Code § 296-24-95709
Amended by WSR 15-24-100, Filed 12/1/2015, effective 1/5/2016Statutory Authority: RCW 49.17.010, 49.17.040, 49.17.050, 49.17.060, and chapter 49.17 RCW. 12-16-064, § 296-24-95709, filed 7/31/12, effective 9/1/12.