Section 127.890 - Aircraft Maintenance Technology (One Credit), Adopted 2024(a) Implementation. The provisions of this section shall be implemented by school districts beginning with the 2025-2026 school year.(b) General requirements. This course is recommended for students in Grades 9-12. Recommended prerequisites: Introduction to Aircraft Technology. Students shall be awarded one credit for successful completion of this course.(c) Introduction. (1) Career and technical education instruction provides content aligned with challenging academic standards and relevant technical knowledge and skills for students to further their education and succeed in current or emerging professions.(2) The Transportation, Distribution, and Logistics Career Cluster focuses on planning, management, and movement of people, materials, and goods by road, pipeline, air, rail, and water and related professional support services such as transportation infrastructure planning and management, logistics services, mobile equipment, and facility maintenance.(3) Aircraft Maintenance Technology is designed to teach the theory of operation, general maintenance, and repair practices of Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) general curriculum subjects utilizing aircraft, aircraft training devices, or equivalent simulated situations. In this course, the academic and technical skills are separated to reflect the learning outcomes as designed in the FAA airman certification standards. Maintenance and repair practices include knowledge of the function, diagnosis, and service of aircraft and their associated equipment. Industry-recognized professional licensures, certifications, and registrations are available for students who meet the requirements set forth by the accrediting organization.(4) Students are encouraged to participate in extended learning experiences such as career and technical student organizations and other leadership or extracurricular organizations.(5) Statements that contain the word "including" reference content that must be mastered, while those containing the phrase "such as" are intended as possible illustrative examples.(6) The FAA uses standard terms with specific expectations for performance. The terms are defined as follows. (A) Check means to verify proper operation.(B) Inspect means to examine with or without inspection enhancing tools or equipment.(C) Overhaul means to disassemble, clean, inspect, repair as necessary, and reassemble.(D) Repair means to correct a defective condition.(E) Service means to perform functions that assure continued operation.(F) Troubleshoot means to analyze and identify malfunctions.(7) When a student performs an action, such as checking, inspecting, overhauling, repairing, servicing, troubleshooting, and installing in this course, they are to complete all associated tasks. If an action detects a flaw, defect, or discrepancy in an aircraft or component, that finding could trigger another maintenance action. Actions may include documenting findings through logbook entries, maintenance action forms, installation plans, and work orders.(d) Knowledge and skills. (1) The student demonstrates professional standards, interpersonal communication, and employability skills as required by business and industry. The student is expected to: (A) identify employment opportunities, including entrepreneurship opportunities, and certification requirements for the field of aircraft maintenance and repair;(B) identify and demonstrate ways to contribute and collaborate as an effective member of a team;(C) identify individual ethical and legal behavior standards according to professional and regulatory agencies;(D) research and discuss the impact of the English language proficiency requirements as prescribed by the Federal Aviation Regulations;(E) identify and explain the technical knowledge and skills related to human factors in health and safety in the worksite as addressed by industry standards;(F) explain the role of human factors in maintaining health and safety in the workplace and demonstrate personal responsibility to maintain health and safety in the worksite;(G) identify and explain how employees' personal responsibility attitudes can affect the success and profitability of a worksite;(H) apply reasoning skills to a variety of workplace situations to make ethical decisions;(I) identify industry standards related to employee appearance and health habits;(J) practice effective written and oral communication skills;(K) identify and practice effective listening skills; and(L) define and apply FAA standard terms that have specific expectations for performance, including check, inspect, overhaul, repair, service, and troubleshoot.(2) The student relates academic skills to the requirements of human factors. The student is expected to: (A) describe safety culture and organizational structures in the work environment;(B) identify and explain types of human error and human factor principles;(C) identify and discuss the chain-of-events theory, including pre-conditions and conditions for unsafe acts;(D) identify and discuss the 12 common causes of mistakes in the aviation workplace; and(E) research and discuss the purpose of safety management systems in the aviation workplace.(3) The student uses regulatory and industry standards and demonstrates technical knowledge and skills for human factors, utilizing aircraft, aircraft training devices, or equivalent simulated situations. The student is expected to: (A) complete and submit a malfunction and defect report; and(B) research and report on information regarding human factor errors.(4) The student relates academic skills to the requirements of aviation mathematics. The student is expected to: (A) perform algebraic operations involving addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, using positive and negative numbers;(B) determine areas and volumes of various geometric shapes;(C) solve ratio, proportion, and percentage problems; and(D) extract roots and raise numbers to a given power.(5) The student uses regulatory and industry standards and demonstrates technical knowledge and skills for aviation mathematics, utilizing aircraft, aircraft training devices, or equivalent simulated situations. The student is expected to: (A) compute the volume of a shape such as a baggage compartment, a fuel tank, or an engine cylinder;(B) compute the area of an aircraft wing;(C) convert between fractions and decimals;(D) compute torque value conversions between inch-pounds and foot-pounds; and(E) compute the compression ratio of a reciprocating engine cylinder.(6) The student relates academic skills to the requirements of fundamentals of electricity and electronics. The student is expected to: (A) explain electron theory, including magnetism, capacitance, induction, direct current electrical circuits, and alternating current electrical circuits;(B) explain electrical theories and laws, including Ohm's Law, Kirchhoff's Law, Watt's Law, Faraday's Law, Lenz's Law, and right-hand rule;(C) identify and explain electrical measurement principles and related tools and procedures for measuring voltage, current, resistance, and power;(D) compare types of batteries; and(E) compare series circuits and parallel circuits.(7) The student uses regulatory and industry standards and demonstrates technical knowledge and skills for fundamentals of electricity and electronics, utilizing aircraft, aircraft training devices, or equivalent simulated situations. The student is expected to: (A) use multimeters to perform circuit continuity tests, test a switch and fuse, and measure voltage, current, and resistance;(B) interpret aircraft electrical circuit diagrams and symbols;(C) inspect and service an aircraft battery; and(D) identify faults in circuits by using appropriate troubleshooting techniques.(8) The student relates academic skills to the requirements of physics for aviation. The student is expected to: (A) explain the theory of flight, including lift, weight, thrust, and drag, as related to Bernoulli's Principle, Newton's Laws of Motion, and fluid mechanics;(B) describe the function and operation of aircraft flight controls and additional aerodynamic devices, including vortex generators, wing fences, and stall strips; and(C) analyze and compare standard atmospheric factors affecting atmospheric conditions, including the relationship between temperature, density, weight, and volume.(9) The student uses regulatory and industry standards and demonstrates technical knowledge and skills for physics for aviation, utilizing aircraft, aircraft training devices, or equivalent simulated situations. The student is expected to: (A) determine density and pressure altitude;(B) identify changes to pressure and velocity of a fluid as it passes through a venturi;(C) calculate force, area, and pressure for a given scenario related to aircraft maintenance; and(D) calculate the lift of an aircraft and determine if the aircraft will climb, descend, or maintain altitude given its weight.(10) The student relates academic skills to the requirements of weight and balance. The student is expected to:(A) describe the purpose of weighing an aircraft and determining the aircraft's center of gravity;(B) explain the procedures for weighing an aircraft, including the general preparation for weighing, with emphasis on aircraft weighing area considerations;(C) explain the procedures for calculating center of gravity, including arm, positive and negative moment, center of gravity, and moment index; and(D) explain adverse loading considerations, proper empty weight configuration, and ballast placement.(11) The student uses regulatory and industry standards and demonstrates technical knowledge and skills for weight and balance, utilizing aircraft, aircraft training devices, or equivalent simulated situations. The student is expected to:(A) calculate aircraft weight and balance, including equipment changes, empty weight, and empty weight center of gravity; and(B) locate datum, weight and balance information, placarding, and limitation requirements for an aircraft in an appropriate reference such as the type certificate data sheet.(12) The student relates academic skills to the requirements of aircraft drawings. The student is expected to: (A) identify and use aircraft drawing terminology; and(B) interpret aircraft drawings, blueprints, sketches, charts, graphs, and system schematics related to repairs, alterations, and inspections.(13) The student uses regulatory and industry standards and demonstrates technical knowledge and skills for aircraft drawings, utilizing aircraft, aircraft training devices, or equivalent simulated situations. The student is expected to: (A) identify and describe the meaning of lines and symbols used in an aircraft drawing;(B) interpret dimensions used in an aircraft drawing;(C) identify changes to aircraft drawings; and(D) identify material requirements indicated by an aircraft drawing.(14) The student relates academic skills to the requirements of regulations, forms, and publications. The student is expected to: (A) identify recency of experience requirements, the privileges and limitations of mechanic certificates, and how to reestablish privileges once they are lost;(B) define maintenance terminology as defined in 14 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 1, including time in service, maintenance, preventive maintenance, major alteration, major repair, minor alteration, and minor repair;(C) describe requirements for maintenance record entries for approval for return to service after maintenance, alterations, and inspections;(D) identify compliance requirements for manufacturer-specified maintenance methods, techniques, practices, and inspection intervals;(E) explain FAA-approved maintenance data, including maintenance manuals and other methods acceptable by the administrator; and(F) describe mechanic change of address notification procedures.(15) The student uses regulatory and industry standards and demonstrates technical knowledge and skills for regulations, forms, and publications, utilizing aircraft, aircraft training devices, or equivalent simulated situations. The student is expected to: (A) evaluate a 100-hour inspection aircraft maintenance record entry for accuracy;(B) locate applicable FAA aircraft specifications and FAA Type Certificate Data Sheets (TCDS) for an aircraft or component;(C) determine the conformity of aircraft instrument range markings and placarding;(D) use a manufacturer's illustrated parts catalog to locate specific part numbers for aircraft parts such as door handles, rudder pedals, or seat latches;(E) determine whether a given repair or alteration is major or minor; and(F) explain the difference between approved data such as data required for major repairs or alterations and acceptable data such as data required for minor repairs or alterations.(16) The student relates academic skills to the requirements of fluid lines and fittings. The student is expected to: (A) identify rigid tubing and flexible hose materials, applications, sizes, and fittings;(B) describe rigid tubing and flexible hose fabrication, installation, and inspection techniques;(C) explain the importance of properly using a torque wrench and torque seal when securing fluid hose and line fittings; and(D) analyze and describe the risks associated with high-pressure hydraulic system configuration prior to and during maintenance.(17) The student uses regulatory and industry standards and demonstrates technical knowledge and skills for fluid lines and fittings, utilizing aircraft, aircraft training devices, or equivalent simulated situations. The student is expected to:(A) fabricate and install a rigid line with a flare and a bend;(B) fabricate and install a flexible hose; and(C) perform a rigid line and flexible hose inspection.(18) The student relates academic skills to the requirements of aircraft materials, hardware, and processes. The student is expected to: (A) identify and describe material markings and hardware markings commonly used in aircraft;(B) compare suitability and compatibility of materials and hardware used for maintenance;(C) explain forces placed on aircraft materials, including tension, compression, torsion, bending, strain, and shear;(D) identify safety wire and safety clip requirements and techniques;(E) identify cotter pin requirements and techniques;(F) describe precision measurement tools, principles, and procedures;(G) explain soldering preparation, types of solder, and flux usage;(H) analyze torquing tools, principles, and procedures and the relationship between torque and fastener preload; and(I) differentiate between the characteristics of acceptable and unacceptable welds.(19) The student uses regulatory and industry standards and demonstrates technical knowledge and skills for aircraft materials, hardware, and processes, utilizing aircraft, aircraft training devices, or equivalent simulated situations. The student is expected to:(A) select aircraft materials and hardware such as bolts, turnbuckles, washers, and rivets based on manufacturer's markings appropriate for a specific scenario;(B) install safety wire on hardware such as nuts, bolts, and turnbuckles;(C) install cotter pins on hardware such as nuts and bolts;(D) check for proper calibration of a precision-measurement tool and record precision measurements with an instrument that has a Vernier scale;(E) determine required torque values and properly torque aircraft hardware; and(F) inspect welds and differentiate between acceptable and unacceptable welds.(20) The student relates academic skills to the requirements of ground operations and servicing. The student is expected to:(A) describe proper towing and securing procedures for aircraft using approved data;(B) describe proper aircraft ground servicing, including oil, oxygen, hydraulic, pneumatic, and deicing systems and fueling and defueling procedures;(C) differentiate between characteristics of aviation gasoline, turbine fuels, and fuel additives;(D) explain engine starting, ground operation, and aircraft taxiing procedures;(E) explain airport operation area procedures and air traffic control communications, including runway incursion prevention;(F) identify the types and classes of fire extinguishers;(G) analyze the importance of proper tool and hardware use and accountability;(H) describe the need for proper material handling and parts protection;(I) identify hazardous materials, locate the appropriate safety data sheet (SDS), and select the indicated personal protection equipment (PPE); and(J) analyze and describe the potential effects of foreign object damage (FOD) on aircraft.(21) The student uses regulatory and industry standards and demonstrates technical knowledge and skills for ground operations and servicing, utilizing aircraft, aircraft training devices, or equivalent simulated situations. The student is expected to: (A) perform a foreign object damage (FOD) control procedure;(B) connect external power to an aircraft;(C) prepare an aircraft for towing;(D) use appropriate hand signals for the movement of aircraft;(E) identify different grades of aviation fuel and select an approved fuel for an aircraft;(F) prepare an aircraft for fueling and inspect an aircraft fuel system for water and foreign object debris (FOD) contamination;(G) follow a checklist to start up or shut down an aircraft reciprocating or turbine engine;(H) identify procedures for extinguishing fires in an engine induction system;(I) secure an aircraft by locating and following the correct procedures for a turbine-powered aircraft after engine shutdown; and(J) locate and explain procedures for securing a turbine-powered aircraft after engine shutdown.(22) The student relates academic skills to the requirements of cleaning and corrosion control. The student is expected to:(A) explain the need for aircraft cleaning procedures;(B) explain corrosion theory, including types and effects of corrosion, corrosion-prone areas in aircraft, and corrosion preventive maintenance procedures;(C) describe corrosion identification and inspection techniques, corrosion removal and treatment procedures, the selection of optimal corrosion preventive compounds (CPC), and the frequency of corrosion treatment;(D) describe the use of high-pressure application equipment;(E) identify and discuss the effects of improper use of cleaners on aluminum or composite materials;(F) explain accelerated corrosion caused by dissimilar metals and the role of protective barriers, including conversion coatings, materials used for protection of airframe structures, and primer materials, to mitigate this risk;(G) identify topcoat materials and discuss concerns regarding surface preparation for a desired finishing material, effects of ambient conditions on finishing materials, and effects of improper surface preparation on finishing materials; and(H) identify health concerns when using paints, solvents, and finishing materials and processes, including the use of PPE.(23) The student uses regulatory and industry standards and demonstrates technical knowledge and skills for cleaning and corrosion control, utilizing aircraft, aircraft training devices, or equivalent simulated situations. The student is expected to:(A) identify types of protective finishes;(B) inspect finishes for corrosion and identify, select, and use aircraft corrosion prevention and cleaning materials; and(C) apply aircraft corrosion prevention and coating materials.19 Tex. Admin. Code § 127.890
Adopted by Texas Register, Volume 49, Number 36, September 6, 2024, TexReg 7028, eff. 9/9/2024