S.D. Admin. R. 20:54:19:01

Current through Register Vol. 51, page 57, November 12, 2024

Section 20:54:19:01 - Definitions

Terms defined in SDCL 36-25-1 and Chapter 2 of the Uniform Plumbing Code, 2015 edition, have the same meaning when used in chapters 20:54:19 to 20:54:28, inclusive. The following terms have the meaning indicated when used in these chapters:

(1) "Administrative authority," the individual official, board, department, or agency established and authorized by a state, county, city, or other political subdivision created by law to administer and enforce the provisions of the state plumbing code as adopted or amended and the State Plumbing Commission;

(2) "Acid neutralizer," see neutralizer;

(3) "Absorption," the physical, electrostatic, surface attraction of an absorbent for molecules of a gas, liquid, dissolved or suspended substance;

(4) "Backwash filter," any filter requiring reverse flow for maintenance;

(5) "Brine," a solution of sodium chloride or salt used for regenerating water softeners;

(6) "Bypass," a connection or a valve system that allows raw water to be supplied while the water conditioner is being cleaned or serviced or the media changed;

(7) "Calcium," one of the principal elements making up the earth's crust, the compounds of which when dissolved in water make the water hard. The presence of calcium in water is a factor contributing to the formation of scale and insoluble soap curds which are means of clearly identifying hard water;

(8) "Calcium carbonate equivalent," a term used for expressing all forms of hardness and other salts in the same terms;

(9) "Capacity," expressed in total gallons of water treated, meeting the manufacturer's specifications and produced in a defined period of time;

(10) "Cartridge," removable preformed or prepackaged component containing the filter media;

(11) "Cartridge filter," a filter using a cartridge or cartridges;

(12) "Cation exchange," in water softening, principally the exchange of calcium and magnesium ions in water for sodium ions on an insoluble ion exchange material;

(13) "Color throw," the imparting of color by any part of a water softener to the effluent during any state of the operating cycle;

(13-A) "Commission," the State Plumbing Commission;

(14) "Corrosion," the attack by water on any part of a water system, causing the wasting away of metal parts;

(15) "Cubic feet," the volumetric unit used for measuring ion exchange materials, measured on an in-place, back-washed, drained, and settled condition;

(16) "Disinfection," the process of destroying harmful microorganisms, done in accordance with § 609.9 of the Uniform Plumbing Code, 2015 edition;

(17) "Distributors," devices to distribute or collect the water;

(18) "Drain line," a line used to carry backwash water, spent regenerant, and rinse water to the waste system;

(19) "Effluent," the water or solution which emerges from a water conditioner during any phase of the operating cycle;

(20) "Filter," a device installed as part of the water system through which water flows for the removal of turbidity, taste, color, or odor;

(21) "Filter area," the effective cross sectional area applicable to the surface filter media only, usually expressed in square feet;

(22) "Filter medium or filter media," see medium;

(23) "Flow rate," the quantity of water or regenerant flowing, or both, measured in gallons per minute;

(24) "Gpg," grains per gallons;

(25) "Grains per gallon," a common basis of reporting water analysis in the United States and Canada in which one grain per United States gallon equals 17.1 milligrams per liter or 17.1 parts per million and one grain per imperial gallon equals 14.3 milligrams per liter or 14.3 parts per million. One grain is 0.007 or 0.064 grams;

(26) "Gpm," gallons per minute;

(27) "Hardness," dissolved calcium and magnesium salts in water, usually expressed in grains per gallon as calcium carbonate equivalent;

(28) "Hardness leakage," calcium and magnesium present in water after passing through a water softener;

(29) "Hard water," water containing calcium and magnesium salts in concentration of one grain per gallon or more as calcium carbonate equivalent;

(30) "Installation," the piping or valving by which water conditioners are connected into the water supply system, including a drain line;

(31) "Ion exchange," a process whereby ions in solution are interchanged by a reactive material. See ion exchanger;

(32) "Ion exchanger," an insoluble reactive material capable of interchanging ions combined with the material for ions in the solution;

(33) "Iron," an element often present in ground waters in a soluble form, such as ferrous bicarbonate, in quantities usually ranging from zero to ten parts per million;

(34) "Magnesium," one of the elements making up the earth's crust, the compounds of which when dissolved in water make the water hard;

(35) "Manganese greensand," a processed, natural alumino silicate, converted to the oxidized manganese form, which is a granular material, generally used for the removal of iron or sulphides, in oxidizing filters;

(36) "Manganese zeolite," a processed natural or synthetic alumino silicate, converted to the oxidized manganese form. See manganese greensand;

(37) "Media," plural of medium;

(38) "Medium," the active material in a filter;

(39) "Micron," a linear measure of size 0.001 of a millimeter, denoted by the Greek letter symbol m, used in filtration work to define particle size, referring to the diameter or the largest dimension of the particle; also used to measure the size of pores, openings, or wire mesh;

(40) "Neutralizer" or "neutralizing filter," a type of filter mainly used to neutralize acidity or reduce free carbon dioxide in water;

(41) "Operating pressure," the pressure range within which equipment properly functions;

(42) "Ppm," parts per million;

(43) "Psi," pounds per square inch;

(44) "Parts per million," a common basis of reporting water analysis in the United States and Canada in which one part per million or ppm equals one pound per million pounds of water; 17.1 ppm equals one grain per United States gallon; 14.3 ppm equals one grain per imperial gallon. The metric equivalent is milligrams per liter;

(45) "pH value," a number denoting alkalinity or acidity. Numbers below seven indicate acidity, which increases as the number becomes smaller. Numbers above seven indicate alkalinity, which increases as the number becomes larger. The pH scale runs from zero to fourteen. Seven is the neutral point;

(46) "Precoat," the application of a loose filter medium to a supporting membrane;

(47) "Pressure drop or pressure loss," a differential in pressure during flow due to frictional resistance in the system. It may be expressed in pounds per square inch or psi of feet of head of water;

(48) "Rated service flow," the manufacturer's specified maximum flow at which the conditioner will deliver water for a minimum period of 10 minutes at a pressure drop not to exceed 15 psi;

(49) "Rated softening capacity," softener capacity rating based on grains of hardness removed, as calcium carbonate, while producing soft water between successive regenerations, related to pounds of salt required for each regeneration;

(50) "Raw water," water at the inlet of the water treating unit;

(51) "Regeneration," in general, the backwash, brine, and fresh water rinse steps necessary to prepare the exchanger bed for service after exhaustion. Specifically, the "brine" step in which a sodium chloride solution is passed through the exchanger bed and the sodium ions displace the hardness ions from the exchanger to permit the hardness to be rinsed to drain. Also includes maintenance steps;

(52) "Resin," the term used to designate a synthetic organic ion exchange material such as high capacity cation exchange resin widely used in water softeners;

(53) "Rinse," that part of the cycle of a water conditioner operation where water is introduced to remove spent backwash water or regenerant, or both, prior to placing the conditioner into service;

(54) "Salt," high purity sodium chloride in a granular, rock, or briquetted form used for regenerating a water softener;

(55) "Service run," that part of the operating cycle of a water conditioner in which the raw water supply is passed through a conditioner, thereby producing quality water;

(56) "Shielded" or "insulated," the separation of metallic parts by a nonconductor;

(57) "Soft water," water containing less than one grain per gallon dissolved calcium and magnesium salts, as calcium carbonate equivalent;

(58) "Suspended matter," all undissolved material in water;

(59) "Turbidity," the term used to define any undissolved materials in water, such as finely divided particles of sand or clay;

(60) "U," see micron;

(61) "Upflow," a term applied to designate the upward direction in which water flows through the ion exchange during any phase of the operating cycle;

(62) "Water softener," a device installed as part of a water system which produces soft water by cation exchange removing calcium and magnesium or hardness from flowing water, replacing it with sodium, thereby requiring periodic regeneration with sodium chloride or salt;

(63) "Zeolite," a processed natural or synthetic alumino silicate. See also manganese greensand, manganese zeolite.

S.D. Admin. R. 20:54:19:01

SL 1975, ch 16; 42 SDR 31, effective 9/12/2016

General Authority: SDCL 36-25-14, 36-25-15.

Law Implemented: SDCL 36-25-15.

Definitions, § 20:53:04:01. Uniform Plumbing Code, 2015 edition, International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials. Copies may be obtained from the International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials, 5001 East Philadelphia Street, Ontario, CA 91761. Cost $143.