S.C. Code Regs. § § 61-62.5.4.XI

Current through Register Vol. 48, No. 10, October 25, 2024

Section 61-62.5.4.XI - TOTAL REDUCED SULFUR (TRS) EMISSIONS OF KRAFT PULP MILLS

A. Applicability and Designation of Affected Sources

1. The provisions of this subpart are applicable to the following affected sources in kraft pulp mills which commenced construction prior to September 24, 1976: digester system, brown stock washer system, multiple-effect evaporator system, black liquor oxidation system, recovery furnace, smelt dissolving tank, lime kiln, and condensate stripper system.

2. The effective date of this section is February 22, 1980.

B. Total Reduced Sulfur (TRS) Emission Standards

The rate of TRS emissions from existing kraft pulp mills shall be limited to the following:

	Maximum Allowable Emission of TRS as Hydrogen Sulfide H₂S by Dry Volume, Averaged Over Twelve (12) Hours
Recovery Furnace
Cross Recovery Furnaces	25 ppm (corrected to 8 percent oxygen)
Old Design Furnaces¹	20 ppm (corrected to 8 percent oxygen)
New Design Furnaces²	5 ppm (corrected to 8 percent oxygen)
Digester System	5 ppm
Multiple-Effect Evaporator System	5 ppm
Lime Kiln	20 ppm (corrected to 10 percent oxygen)
Brown Stock Washer System	no control
Black Liquor Oxidation System	no control
Condensate Stripper System	5 ppm
Smelt Dissolving Tank	0.016 gram per kilogram (g/kg) BLS³

¹ Old design furnaces are defined as furnaces without welded wall or membrane wall construction or emission control designed air systems.

² New design furnaces are defined as furnaces with either welded wall or membrane wall construction and also with emission control designed air systems.

³ Black liquor solids (dry weights).

C. Case-by-Case Exceptions to Provisions of Section XI.B Above

1. If the owner or operator of a source of TRS compounds regulated by this standard can demonstrate that compliance with applicable portions of Section XI.B would not be economically feasible, the Department may, on a case-by-case basis, allow emission limitations less stringent than those required by applicable parts of Section XI.B. All data pertinent to the showing of economic infeasibility must accompany a petition for this relief, and shall include a present value analysis showing economic infeasibility.

2. Exceptions granted under this part are not effective until submitted to and approved by the Administrator as a revision of the Implementation Plan for Control of Designated Pollutants, pursuant to Section 111(d) of the Clean Air Act as amended November 1990.

D. Monitoring, Recordkeeping and Reporting

1. The owner/operator shall:

a. Calibrate, maintain and operate continuous monitoring equipment to monitor and record the concentration of TRS emissions on a dry basis and the percent of oxygen by volume on a dry basis in the gases discharged into the atmosphere from any lime kiln, recovery furnace, digester system, multiple-effect evaporator system, or condensate stripper system, except where these gases are subjected to a minimum temperature of 1200 degrees Fahrenheit (F) for at least 0.5 seconds in an incinerator or other device which does not generate TRS. The location of each monitoring system must be approved by this Department.

b. Install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a monitoring device which measures the combustion temperature at the point of incineration of effluent gases which are emitted from any lime kiln, recovery furnace, digester system, multiple-effect evaporator system, or condensate stripper system unless TRS monitors are required in paragraph D.1.a above. The monitoring device is to be certified by the manufacturer to be accurate within plus or minus one (1) percent of the temperature being measured.

c. Calibrate, maintain and operate continuous monitoring equipment for any smelt dissolving tank.

(i) For the continuous measurement of the pressure loss of the gas stream through the control equipment. The monitoring device is to be certified by the manufacturer to be accurate to within a gauge pressure of plus or minus two (2) inches water.

(ii) For the continuous measurement of the scrubbing liquid supply pressure to the control equipment. The monitoring device is to be certified by the manufacturer to be accurate within plus or minus fifteen (15) percent of design scrubbing liquid supply pressure. The pressure sensor or tap is to be located close to the scrubber liquid discharge point. The Department may be consulted for approval of alternative locations.

(i) Continuously monitored operating and/or stack parameters may be used as substitutes for TRS monitors provided that it is demonstrated to the satisfaction of the Department that a correlation exists between the monitored parameter and TRS concentration and the other requirements in paragraph D.1 above are fulfilled.

(ii) Alternative equivalent methods of monitoring must be approved by the Department and EPA.

2. Any owner or operator subject to the provisions of this Section shall:

a. Calculate and record on a daily basis 12-hour average TRS concentrations for the two (2)consecutive periods of each operating day. Each 12-hour average shall be determined as the arithmetic mean of the appropriate twelve (12) contiguous 1-hour average TRS concentrations provided by each continuous monitoring system installed under paragraph D.1.a above.

b. Calculate and record on a daily basis 12-hour average oxygen concentrations for the two (2) consecutive periods of each operating day for the recovery furnace and lime kiln. These 12-hour averages shall correspond to the 12-hour average TRS concentrations under paragraph D.2.a above and shall be determined as an arithmetic mean of the appropriate twelve (12) contiguous 1-hour average oxygen concentrations provided by each continuous monitoring system installed under paragraph D.1.a above.

c. Correct all 12-hour average TRS concentrations to ten (10) volume percent oxygen, except that all 12-hour average TRS concentrations from a recovery furnace shall be corrected to eight (8) volume percent using the following equation:

C_corr= C_uncorr x (21 - X/21 - Y)

where:	C_corr	= the concentration corrected for oxygen
	C_uncorr	= the concentration uncorrected for oxygen
	X	= the volumetric oxygen concentration percentage to be corrected to eight (8) percent for recovery furnaces and ten (10) percent for lime kilns, incinerators, or other devices
	Y	= the measured 12-hour average volumetric oxygen concentration

3. Each owner or operator required to install a continuous monitoring system shall submit a written report of excess emissions (as defined in applicable subparts) to the Department for every semi-annual period unless specified on a more frequent cycle by the Department. All semi-annual reports shall be postmarked by the 30th day following the end of each semi-annual period and shall include the following information:

a. For emissions from any recovery furnace, periods of excess emissions are all 12-hour average TRS concentrations above twenty (20) parts per million by volume (ppmv) for old design recovery furnaces, five (5) ppmv for new design recovery furnaces, and above twenty-five (25) ppmv for cross recovery furnaces;

b. For emissions from any lime kiln, periods of excess emissions are all 12-hour average TRS concentrations above twenty (20) ppmv;

c. For emissions from any digester system, multiple-effect evaporator system, or condensate stripper system periods of excess emissions are:

(i) All 12-hour average TRS concentrations above five (5) ppmv unless the provisions of paragraph D.1.a above apply; or

(ii) All periods in excess of five (5) minutes and their duration during which the combustion temperature is less than 1200 degrees F if the gases are combusted in an incinerator or other device which does not generate TRS.

S.C. Code Regs. § 61-62.5.4.XI

Amended by State Register Volume 38, Issue No. 6, eff 6/27/2014; State Register Volume 40, Issue No. 09, eff. 9/23/2016.