440 R.I. Code R. 440-RICR-10-00-5.24

Current through December 3, 2024

Section 440-RICR-10-00-5.24 - Standards of Practice

A. These standards of practice are intended to provide home inspectors and associate home inspectors with the purpose, scope, and requirements of a home inspection and to provide the basic understanding of what work a home inspector is to perform. These standards of practice are not all inclusive but are a minimum standard upon which a home inspector/associate home inspector must use as a foundation for his/her performance.

B. These standards of practice establish the minimum performance requirements for home inspectors and associate home inspectors to conduct home inspections.

C. For the purposes of § 5.22 of this Part, the term "inspector" refers to the individual conducting the inspection, be it a licensed home inspector, licensed associate home inspector, and/or trainee.

5.24.1 Purpose of Home Inspection

A. The purpose of a home inspection for residential building(s), including their attached appurtenances, is to provide the client with an inspection report that forthrightly discloses the physical conditions of all systems and components which are readily accessible and observable, and inspected pursuant to the contract, including those systems and components which are safety hazards as observed at the time of the inspection.

B. An inspection carried out under the standards of practice for home inspections is not and shall not be construed to be a comprehensive architectural and/or an engineering study of the dwelling in question.

C. Because a home inspection is limited in its scope and depth, the information provided to the client is not intended to provide the client with protection from all risks involved in the home buying process.

5.24.2Access

Safe access and sufficient lighting shall be provided to the inspector as to ensure that all systems and areas to be inspected under this standard are readily accessible and observable.

5.24.3 General Requirements for Home Inspectors

A. Inspectors shall:

1. Observe readily accessible and observable installed systems and components.

2. Submit a confidential written report only to the client, unless instructed by the client:

3. Identify required components.

4. Indicate which systems and components have not been inspected.

5. Indicate the condition of inspected systems and components that were found to be in need of repair.

6. Record the client's name and the address of the property inspected.

7. Record the on-site inspection start and finish times.

8. Record the weather conditions at the time of the inspection.

9. Record the existence of obstructions and/or conditions that prevented the inspection of the installed systems and components.

B. The report shall only inform the client if additional investigation is required when:

1. The scope of the repair(s) is unknown; or

2. There is potential for and it is suspected that there is concealed damage; or,

3. The subject area is beyond the scope of the home inspector's expertise.

C. A written contract and home inspection report is required for all home inspections, with an original copy of the contract and the home inspection report delivered only to the client, unless otherwise directed by the client.

D. The inspector must state in the report whether any system or component observed is in need of repair or requires further evaluation or investigation. Additionally, all reports must include:

1. The licensee's license number;

2. A notice that any claims regarding the home inspection or the home inspector/associate home inspector who performed the inspection may be directed to the Board;

3. The current address and telephone number of the Board; and,

4. Where applicable, a disclosure that an inspection was performed by an associate home inspector.

E. The oversight of activities other than direct observation performed by the supervisor in order to provide guidance may include, but are not limited to, meeting with the supervisee; reviewing reports prepared by the supervisee; review and evaluation of the supervisee's activities in connection with home inspections; and supervisory conferences that may be conducted by telephone.

5.24.4 General Limitation of the Home Inspection

A. General Limitations

1. Home inspections done in accordance with the standards set forth in this Part are visual and not technically exhaustive.

2. The home inspections standards set forth in this Part are applicable to residential buildings and condominium dwelling units, under one roof, and their attached garages.

5.24.5 Scope of Home Inspection

A. System: Roofing

1. The inspector shall observe and report on:

a. Roof coverings,

b. Exposed roof drainage systems,

c. Flashings,

d. Skylights, chimneys, and roof penetrations, and

e. Roof penetrations.

2. The inspector shall identify:

a. The type of roof covering materials,

b. The roof drainage system, and

c. The chimney materials.

3. The inspector shall note:

a. the methods used to observe the roofing, and

b. any signs of previous and/or active leaks.

4. Exclusions: In addition to the exclusions and prohibitions found in §§ 5.22.5 and 5.22.6 of this Part, the inspector shall not be required to:

a. Walk on the roof unless in the opinion of the Home Inspector walking on the roof will pose no risk of personal injury or damage to the roofing components.

b. Observe and report on:

(1) Attached accessories including, but not limited to: solar systems, antennae, satellite dishes and lightning arrestors; and

(2) The interior of chimney flues.

B. System: Exterior

1. The inspector shall observe and report on:

a. Wall cladding,

b. Entryway doors and windows,

c. Garage door,

d. Decks/Balconies/porches/stoops/landings/steps,

e. Railings/guardrails,

f. Flashings,

g. Window wells, and

h. Driveways, walkways, vegetation, grading, site drainage, and retaining walls with respect to their effect on the condition of the dwelling and their ability to provide safe egress.

2. The inspector shall identify:

a. Wall-cladding materials, and

b. The deck/porch component materials.

3. The inspector shall:

a. Probe exposed readily accessible and observable exterior components where deterioration is suspected.

(1) Probing is not required when probing would unduly damage any finished surface.

b. Operate garage doors (if the garage is attached to the main dwelling), manually or by using permanently installed controls of any garage door operator.

c. Test and report on the presence of, or lack of, the visible safety reversing feature of garage doors by interrupting the light beam.

4. Exclusions: In addition to the exclusions and prohibitions found in §§ 5.22.5 and 5.22.6 of this Part, the inspector shall not be required to observe and report on the following:

a. Storm doors and windows, screening, shutters, awnings, and similar seasonal accessories,

b. Fences, landscaping, trees, swimming pools, patios, irrigation systems,

c. Safety glazing,

d. Recreational facilities,

e. Any other dwelling units or addresses in multi-unit buildings,

f. Outbuildings and detached garages,

g. Underground utilities, pipes, buried wires, or conduits, and

h. To install any object under the vehicle door to test for the automatic reversing feature of a vehicle door opener.

C. System: Structure

1. The inspector shall observe and report on:

a. The foundation,

b. The floor structures,

c. The wall structures,

d. The ceiling structure, and

e. The roof structures.

2. The inspector shall identify:

a. The foundation material,

b. The basement floors,

c. The presence of lighting in the attic, and

d. The presence of collar ties and rafter ties in the attic.

3. The inspector shall:

a. Probe exposed readily accessible and observable structural components where deterioration is suspected; however, probing is not required when probing would unduly damage any finished surface;

b. Note the methods used to observe under floor crawl spaces;

c. Note the methods used to observe attics; and

d. Note signs of previous and/or active water penetration into the basement, under floor crawl space and attic including the presence of sump pumps and dehumidifiers.

4. Exclusions: In addition to the exclusions and prohibitions found in §§ 5.22.5 and 5.22.6 of this Part, the inspector shall not be required to:

a. Collect engineering data such as the size, span, spacing, species, section modulus, slenderness ratio, and/or modulus of elasticity of the structural members;

b. Provide access to the items being inspected (responsibility of client/ seller/seller's representative);

c. Enter the under-floor crawl space;

(1) If it is not readily accessible,

(2) If access is obstructed and/or if entry could damage the property,

(3) If a dangerous or adverse situation is suspected and reported by the home inspector, or

(4) Observe and report on wood destroying insects, rodents, and/or vermin unless specifically contracted for in writing.

d. Enter the attic space:

(1) . If it is not readily accessible;

(2) If access is obstructed and/or if entry could damage the property;

(3) If a dangerous or adverse situation is suspected and Reported by the inspector; or

(4) Walk on the exposed and/or insulation covered framing members.

D. System: Electrical

1. The inspector shall observe and report on;

a. The exterior service entrance conductors,

b. The service equipment, including the main overcurrent device,

c. The grounding system device,

d. The service and distribution panels by removing the enclosure cover,

e. The branch circuit, overcurrent devices, and conductor capability; and

f. A representative number of interior and exterior receptacles.

2. The inspector shall identify:

a. The service as being overhead or underground,

b. The type of interior wiring,

c. The ampacity of the main service-disconnect,

d. The location of the service and distribution panels, and

e. The presence of aluminum wiring in branch circuits.

3. The inspector shall test:

a. The polarity and grounding of a representative number of receptacles; and

b. The operation of a comprehensible sample of all readily accessible ground fault circuit interrupters.

4. Exclusions: In addition to the exclusions and prohibitions found in §§ 5.22.5 and 5.22.6 of this Part, the inspector shall not be required to:

a. Collect engineering data on the compatibility of the overcurrent devices with the panel and/or determine the short circuit interrupting current capacity;

b. Determine the adequacy of the ground and/or the in-place systems to provide sufficient power to the dwelling or reflect on the sufficiency of the electric distribution system in the dwelling;

c. Insert any tool, probe, or testing device inside the panels;

d. Test or operate any overcurrent device except ground fault circuit interrupters;

e. Dismantle any electrical device or control other than to remove the covers of the service and distribution panels. However, the inspector is not required to remove the covers of the service and distribution panels if the panel covers are not readily accessible, if there are dangerous or adverse situations present, or when removal would damage or mar any painted surface and/or covering materials; and/or

f. Observe or report on:

(1) The quality of the conductor insulation,

(2) Low voltage systems, doorbells, thermostats, and/or other,

(3) Telephone, security alarms, cable TV, intercoms, or other ancillary wiring that is not a part of the primary electrical distribution system,

(4) Underground utilities, pipes, buried wires, or conduits, and

g. Test or operate arc fault circuit interrupters.

E. System: Plumbing

1. The inspector shall observe and report on:

a. The water supply and distribution system, including;

(1) Piping, including supports and insulation;

(2) Fixtures;

(3) Faucets;

b. The drain waste and vent system, including;

(1) Piping, including supports; and

(2) Traps; drain, waste, and vent piping; piping supports and pipe insulation.

c. Hot water systems, including;

(1) Water heating equipment;

(2) Normal operating controls;

(3) The presence of automatic safety controls;

(4) Flue piping.

2. The inspector shall identify:

a. The type(s) of water distribution piping materials;

b. The type(s) of drain, waste, and vent piping;

c. The type of water heating equipment, and the nameplate capacity of the water heating equipment (gallons and/or gallons per minute); and

d. The location of the main shut off valve.

3. The inspector shall operate all plumbing fixtures where practical, including their faucets if readily accessible.

4. Exclusions: In addition to the exclusions and prohibitions found in §§ 5.22.5 and 5.22.6 of this Part, the inspector shall not be required to:

a. Test the operation of any valve except water closet flush valves and fixture faucets;

b. Collect engineering data on the size of or length of water and/or waste systems and/or remove covering materials;

c. Report on the adequacy and/or the efficiency of the in-place systems to provide sufficient hot water to the dwelling, sufficient water supply, or drainage for the dwelling;

d. State the effectiveness of anti-siphon devices;

e. Determine whether water supply and waste disposal systems are public or private, and/or

f. Observe, operate, or report on:

(1) The exterior hose bibs;

(2) Fire suppression systems;

(3) Irrigation systems;

(4) Water quality;

(5) Wells and their related equipment;

(6) Foundation sub drainage systems;

(7) The interior of flue linings;

(8) Underground utilities, pipes, buried wires, or conduits;

(9) Water conditioning and filtration components and systems, and

(10) Operate any laundry equipment, including washing machines and dryers.

F. System: Heating

1. The inspector shall observe and report on:

a. Heating equipment;

b. Normal operating controls;

c. Automatic safety controls;

d. The exterior of the chimneys, flue piping and vents;

e. Heating distribution systems;

f. Insulation;

g. The presence of an installed heat source in each habitable room including kitchens and bathrooms;

h. The presence of a fireplace(s) and the operation of their damper(s); and

i. Readily observable fuel storage tanks and their related components.

2. The inspector shall:

a. Identify the type of energy source;

b. Identify the heating equipment;

c. Identify the type of distribution system;

(1) Piping, and

(2) Duct work.

d. Open readily accessible and operable access panels provided by the manufacturer or installer for routine homeowner maintenance.

3. The inspector shall note:

a. The absence of an installed heat source in habitable rooms including kitchens and bathrooms;

b. The presence of exposed flues in the smoke chamber being utilized by other appliances;

c. The existence of abandoned oil tanks; and

d. Any observed evidence of underground fuel storage tanks.

4. Exclusions: In addition to the exclusions and prohibitions found in §§ 5.22.5 and 5.22.6 of this Part, the inspector shall not be required to:

a. Test and/or inspect the heat exchanger. This requires dismantling of the furnace cover and possible removal of controls;

b. Collect engineering data on the size of the heating equipment and/or the size or length of the distribution systems;

c. Report on the adequacy or uniformity of the in-place system(s) to heat the dwelling and/or the various rooms within the dwelling;

d. Attempt to override heating or cooling temperature limit sensors;

e. Operate heating systems when weather conditions or other circumstances may cause equipment damage, or when the electrical and/or fuel supply to the unit is in the off position;

f. Ignite or extinguish solid fuel and/or gas fires;

g. Identify the type of insulation coverings;

h. Inspect humidifiers and electronic air filters;

i. Inspect the interior of flues; and

j. Inspect fireplace insert flue connections.

G. System: Central Air Conditioning

1. The inspector shall observe and report on:

a. Cooling and air handling equipment;

b. Normal operating controls;

c. Cooling distribution systems; and

d. The insulation on the exposed supply ductwork.

2. The inspector shall:

a. Identify the type of distribution system;

b. Operate the systems using normal operating controls; and

c. Open readily accessible operable access panels provided by the manufacturer or installer for routine homeowner maintenance and report on conditions observed.

3. Exclusions: In addition to the exclusions and prohibitions found in §§ 5.22.5 and 5.22.6 of this Part, the inspector shall not be required to:

a. Collect engineering data on the size of the cooling equipment, the size or length of the distribution systems;

b. Identify the type of insulation coverings;

c. Report on the air filter condition or effectiveness;

d. Operate the cooling systems when weather conditions or other circumstances may cause equipment damage, or when the electrical supply to the unit is in the off position;

e. Inspect evaporator coils; or

f. Report on the adequacy or uniformity of the in-place system(s) to cool the dwelling and/or the various rooms within the dwelling.

H. System: General Interior Conditions

1. The inspector shall observe and report on:

a. Walls;

b. Ceilings;

c. Floors;

d. Steps, stairways, balconies;

e. Hand and guard railings;

f. Counter tops and a representative number of cabinets;

g. A representative number of doors and windows; and

h. Separation walls, ceilings, and doors between a dwelling unit and an attached garage or another dwelling unit.

2. The inspector shall:

a. Note signs of water penetration; and

b. Operate a representative number of kitchen cabinets and drawers, doors and windows.

3. Exclusions: In addition to the exclusions and prohibitions found in §§ 5.22.5 and 5.22.6 of this Part, the inspector shall not be required to:

a. Observe and report on the following:

(1) Paint, wallpaper, and other finish treatments on the interior walls, ceilings, and floors; and

(2) Draperies, blinds, or other window treatments.

b. Determine the fire safety rating of any walls, ceilings, and doors between a dwelling unit and an attached garage or another dwelling unit.

I. System: Insulation and Ventilation

1. The inspector shall observe and report on:

a. Exposed insulation in unfinished spaces;

b. Ventilation of attics and under floor crawl space areas;

c. Bathroom venting systems; and

d. Kitchen venting system.

2. The inspector shall identify the existence and/or absence of bathroom ventilation other than a window(s).

3. Exclusions: In addition to the exclusions and prohibitions found in §§ 5.22.6 and 5.22.6 of this Part, the inspector shall not be required to observe and report on the following:

a. The type(s) amounts or adequacy of insulation and/or its material make up;

b. Concealed insulation and vapor retarders; or

c. The adequacy, uniformity, and capacity of the in-place system(s) to ventilate the various areas of the dwelling.

5.24.6 General Exclusions

A. In addition to the specific exclusions as described in § 5.22.6 of this Part, inspectors shall not be required to provide information on:

1. The remaining life expectancy of any component or system;

2. The causes of the need for repair;

3. The materials for corrections of the problem;

4. The methods of repair other than to indicate the repair should comply with applicable requirements of the governing codes and sound construction practices;

5. Compliance or non-compliance with applicable regulatory requirements unless specifically contracted for in writing;

6. Any component or system not required to be inspected by this Part;

7. Cosmetic items;

8. Items that are not readily accessible and observable, underground items, or items not permanently installed; or

9. Systems or components specifically excluded by client (as noted in writing in the contract or in the report).

B. Inspectors shall not be required to:

1. Offer warranties, guarantees and/or insurance policies of any kind on the property being inspected;

2. Collect any engineering data (the size of structural members and/or the output of mechanical and/or electrical equipment);

3. Inspect spaces that are not readily accessible and observable. Enter any area or perform any procedure, which may damage the property or its components, or be dangerous and unsafe to the inspector or other persons, as determined by and reported by the inspector;

4. Disturb or move insulation, stored and/or personal items, furniture, equipment, plant life, soil, snow, ice, or debris that obstructs access or visibility;

5. Determine the effectiveness of any system installed to control or remove suspected hazardous substances;

6. Predict future conditions, including but not limited to failure of components;

7. Project operating costs of components;

8. Determine extent or magnitude of damage or failures noted;

9. Operate any system or component which does not respond to normal operating controls;

10. Test for radon gas;

11. Determine the presence or absence of pests including, but not limited to, rodents or wood destroying insects;

12. Determine the energy efficiency of the dwelling as a whole or any individual system or component within the dwelling;

13. Perform environmental services including determining the presence or verifying the absence of any micro-organisms or suspected hazardous substances including, but not limited to, carbon monoxide, latent surface and/or subsurface volatile organic compounds, PCB's, asbestos, UFFI, toxins, allergens, molds, carcinogens, lead paint, radon gas, electromagnetic radiation, noise, odors, or any contaminants in soil, water, air wet lands and/or any other environmental hazard not listed in this Part;

14. Determine the level of sound proofing between walls, ceilings, floors, doors and between dwelling units;

15. Inspect surface and subsurface soil conditions; and

16. Inspect household appliances

5.24.7 Prohibitions

A. Inspectors are prohibited from:

1. Reporting on the market value of property or its marketability and/or the suitability of the property for any use;

2. Advising their client about the advisability or inadvisability of the purchase of the property;

3. Offering or performing any act or service contrary to law and/or these regulations;

4. Determining the cost of repairs of any item noted in their report and/or inspected by them and/or their firm;

5. Offering to make and/or perform any repair or provide any remedy, including but not limited to, performing engineering, architectural, surveying, plumbing, electrical and heating services, pest control (treatment), urea formaldehyde or any other job function requiring an occupational license and/or registration (in the jurisdiction where the inspection had taken place) on a dwelling, and/or residential building inspected by his/her firm. The only exception is if those repairs and/or services are part of a negotiated settlement of a complaint and/or claim against the home inspector and/or the firm he/she/represents.

6. Operating any system or component that is shut down or otherwise inoperable.

a. However, the home inspector shall recommend that the seller and/or the seller's representative demonstrate that those systems and/or components are functional.

7. Turn on any electrical or fuel supply and/or devices that are shut down.

5.24.8 Optional Fee Based Services

A. An inspector may provide additional home inspection related services to address items not otherwise included, or which are specifically excluded by this Part, provided the service is contracted for in writing, included in the report, does not include the physical repair, abatement, or treatment to the dwelling, and/or residential building being inspected, and is not prohibited under § 5.22.7 of this Part.

B. An inspector may provide services that require additional licensure and/or registration, so long as the inspector states in writing to the client, that he/she is properly licensed and/or registered to perform those services in the jurisdiction where the work is to be performed.

5.24.9 Ethical Standards and Professional Conduct

A. Requirement to respond to the Board.

1. A licensee shall respond within ten (10) days to a written communication from the Board or its designee and shall make available to the Board any relevant records/documents with respect to an inquiry or complaint about the licensee's professional conduct. The ten-day period commences on the date that the Board sends the communication to the licensee's address of record.

2. A licensee shall cooperate with any reasonable request from any Board staff or Board member or other agent or employee acting on behalf of the Board while investigating a complaint/claim or allegations regarding the licensee's professional conduct as a home inspector or associate home inspector.

B. Welfare of persons served.

1. Licensees shall not provide any services beyond the scope of their practice or for which they are not appropriately licensed and/or registered.

2. Licensees shall not misrepresent licenses, registrations, certifications, qualifications, affiliations, educational background, or experience in the profession to the public, colleagues, or other individuals or entities.

3. Licensees shall fully inform persons served of the nature and limitations of services rendered or to be rendered.

4. Licensees shall disclose, in writing, including a written statement imbedded in the report, in bold print, in an obvious location, any financial or family relationship with the seller, the seller's representative and/or the seller's representative office.

5. A licensee shall impose a fee for services rendered only. If a client refuses access to an area that is included within the terms of the contract, the home inspector may include the fee for those areas as if they had been inspected.

6. A licensee may charge a cancellation fee so long as the cancellation fee is included in the terms of the contract.

7. Unless required by law, the licensee shall not reveal any confidential, privileged, or sensitive information obtained from the home inspection or individual that the licensee serves professionally, to any unauthorized person, without the expressed written permission of the client.

8. Licensees shall take all reasonable precautions to avoid injuring persons and property in the delivery of professional services.

9. Licensees follow acceptable patterns of professional conduct with all clients.

10. Licensees shall stamp and/or sign only those documents reviewed or prepared by them certifying that they are in conformity with RI Gen. Laws Chapter 5-65.1 and Parts 1 and 5 of this Subchapter.

5.24.10 Professional Objectivity/Conflict of Interest

A. Licensees shall maintain objectivity in all matters concerning the welfare of persons served professionally.

B. Licensees must guard against conflicts of professional interest and shall not engage in commercial activities that conflict with their responsibilities to clients or to colleagues.

C. Licensees shall promptly disclose to a client, or potential client, information about any business interest of the licensee that may affect the client or the potential client in connection with the home inspection.

D. Licensees shall not accept fees, gifts, or other forms of gratuities for the recommendation or non-recommendation of a particular contractor, product, or referral source.

E. Licensees shall not provide fees or insurance waivers of liability to real-estate offices, buyer's brokers, real estate brokers or salespersons and/or seller's representatives.

F. Licensees shall not knowingly engage or associate with any person or business entity in which the licensee has reason to believe is engaging in fraudulent or dishonest business or professional practices.

G. Home inspectors and/or associate home inspectors shall not inspect properties under contingency fee agreements whereby compensation or future referrals are dependent on the home inspection report or the sale of a property.

H. Licensees having knowledge of any alleged violation of RI Gen. Laws Chapters 5-65, 5-65.1, and/or Parts 1 and 5 of this Subchapter, shall immediately report the violation(s) to the Board and cooperate with any investigation conducted by the Board and/or its designees.

I. The inspector shall not pay any fee to real-estate offices, buyer's brokers, real estate brokers or salespersons and/or seller's representatives in order to be placed on a "referral/preferred inspector" list.

5.24.11 Record Keeping

Home inspectors and associate home inspectors shall maintain a copy of all reports prepared by them, or under their supervision, for a period of not less than three (3) years from the completion date of the written report.

440 R.I. Code R. 440-RICR-10-00-5.24

Adopted effective 12/19/2019