216-40-10 R.I. Code R. § 4.6

Current through June 12, 2024

Section 216-RICR-40-10-4.6 - Patient Care Services

4.6.1Admission, Transfer && Discharge

A. Each hospital shall have written admission, transfer and discharge policies and procedures pertaining to at least the following:

1. types of clinical conditions acceptable for admission to specific levels of care and appropriate clinical departments or services;

2. informing and offering advance directives to all patients upon admission;

3. constraints imposed by limitations of services, physical facilities or staff coverage;

4. emergency admissions;

5. requirements for informed consent signed by patient or legal representatives for diagnostic and treatment procedures;

6. internal transfer of patients from one level or type of care to another;

7. discharge and termination of services; and

8. provisions for a mechanism for recording, transmitting patient-specific information to other health care providers and receiving information essential to the continuity of patient care. (This mechanism shall include the required use of the Department's Continuity of Care form. See also §4.6.1(C)(3)(c) of this Part); and

B. In addition to the above policies in §4.6.1(A) of this Part each hospital shall adopt the following:

1. no person shall be denied admission to the hospital because of race, color, religion, ancestry, sexual orientation, or national origin;

2. every patient admitted to the hospital shall be and remain under the care of a member of the medical staff as specified under the by-laws;

3. no suspected or actually infected non-obstetric patient shall be admitted to the obstetric department or unit;

4. transfer agreements or contracts shall clearly delineate responsibilities of parties involved; and

5. pursuant to R.I. Gen. Laws § 23-17.14-15 not discourage persons who cannot afford to pay from seeking essential medical services; and not encourage persons who cannot afford to pay to seek essential medical services from other providers.

C. Discharge Planning

The hospital shall have a discharge planning process for all inpatients. Discharge planning policies and procedures must be in writing and shall include a mechanism for discharge planners to receive regular updates regarding new offerings of community programs and the complete range of current options available at discharge.

1. The hospital shall identify, at an early stage in hospitalization, all inpatients who are likely to suffer adverse health consequences on discharge if there is no adequate discharge planning.

2. A discharge planning evaluation shall be provided to all inpatients identified in §4.6.1(C)(1) of this Part above, to other patients on patient request, the request of the person acting on the patient's behalf, or upon the request of the physician.

a. The evaluation shall be timely to avoid unnecessary delays in discharge and must be part of the patient's medical record.

b. The evaluation shall include a needs assessment, the patient's capacity for self-care, and the availability of post-hospital services to meet the needs of the patient.

c. A registered nurse or social worker shall develop or supervise the development of the evaluation.

d. The results of the evaluation shall be discussed with the patient or the individual acting on the patient's behalf.

e. The evaluation shall be used to establish an appropriate discharge plan.

3. A registered nurse or social worker shall develop or supervise the development of a discharge plan if the discharge planning evaluation indicates the need for a discharge plan.

a. The hospital shall arrange for implementation of the discharge plan.

b. The hospital shall transfer or refer inpatients and outpatients to appropriate facilities, agencies, or outpatient services, as needed, for follow-up care.

c. Designated hospital personnel shall complete the "Continuity of Care" form approved by the Department for each patient who is discharged to another health care facility licensed under the provisions of R.I. Gen. Laws Chapter 23-17 (e.g., nursing facility). The Continuity of Care form and instructions for its use should be downloaded from the Department's website: http://health.ri.gov

4. The hospital shall reassess its discharge planning process on an on-going basis. The reassessment shall include a review of discharge plans, as well as a review of patients who were discharged without plans, to ensure that the process is responsive to discharge needs.

D. Discharge Planning: Substance Use Disorder, Opioid Use Disorder, and Chronic Addiction

1. Evaluation

a. The hospital must administer a standardized evaluation to all patients with an indication of substance use disorder, opioid use disorder, or chronic addiction. If the patient declines evaluation this must be documented in the medical record. If the patient is determined after an evaluation to have a substance use disorder or opioid use disorder then appropriate medical services will be offered to the patient. Services offered to the patient shall include, but are not limited, to clinically appropriate inpatient and outpatient services.

b. Hospitals shall have a written policy for evaluation available upon request, inspection, or related to investigation of complaint.

2. Laboratory Screening

For every patient presenting to the hospital with an opioid overdose, the hospital must order a laboratory screening to determine what substance(s) caused the overdose. If the patient refuses the laboratory screening, the hospital is still in compliance as long as the test was ordered. If the patient declines screening this must be documented in the medical record.

3. Education

a. The hospital must educate all patients who are prescribed opioids on the risks and benefits of prescribed opioids as well as safe storage and disposal in accordance with the section titled "Patient Education/Consent" in Rules and Regulations for Pain Management, Opioid Use and the Registration of Distributors of Controlled Substances in Rhode Island.

b. When patients present with indications of illicit drug use (including but not limited to the use of illegal substances or the use of diverted prescription drugs), the hospital must educate such patients on illicit drug use, including evidence-based harm reduction strategies such as proper syringe disposal and how to obtain non-prescription syringes.

c. If the Department issues a health advisory (either statewide or for the particular geographic area in which the hospital is contained) regarding an increase in overdoses or overdose deaths, the hospital is required to educate illicit drug use and diverted overdose patients with evidence-based harm reduction strategies.

4. Naloxone

a. The hospital must have a written policy that outlines when a prescriber should dispense or prescribe naloxone to patients. This policy must include a list of conditions that would prompt the dispensing or prescribing of naloxone. A sample list of conditions is found in the Department's guidance document "Levels of Care for Emergency Departments and Hospitals for Treating Overdose and Opioid Use Disorder."

b. For patients meeting the conditions set out in the hospital's policy, a prescriber must dispense or prescribe naloxone.

c. For those patients who are dispensed or prescribed naloxone, education regarding how to administer naloxone shall be provided to patients prior to discharge.

d. Hospitals shall have a written policy for naloxone available upon request, inspection or related to investigation of complaint.

5. Peer Recovery

a. The hospital shall offer all patients the opportunity to speak with a peer recovery support specialist, if those patients:

(1) are diagnosed with substance use disorder or opioid use disorder using then evaluation protocol required by §4.6.1(D)(1) of this Part, or

(2) are treated for an opioid overdose.

b. To fulfill the above requirement, at a minimum the hospital must inform the patient that the hospital will contact a peer recovery support specialist on the patient's behalf.

c. Hospitals shall have a written policy for peer recovery available upon request, inspection or related to investigation of complaint.

6. Treatment Services

a. The hospital shall provide information to patients about appropriate inpatient and outpatient services, including but not limited to medication assisted treatment and biopsychosocial treatment, if those patients:

(1) are diagnosed with substance use disorder or opioid use disorder using then evaluation protocol required by §4.6.1(D)(1) of this Part, or

(2) are treated for an opioid overdose.

b. Hospitals must make a good faith effort to assist the patient in obtaining an appointment with a qualified licensed professional. To fulfill the above requirement, at a minimum the hospital must present a list of names, addresses, and phone numbers of appropriate inpatient and outpatient services. This list shall include information about medication-assisted treatment. If the patient declines to receive information or assistance about treatment services this must be documented in the medical record.

c. Hospitals shall have a written policy for treatment services available upon request, inspection or related to investigation of complaint.

7. Notification of Emergency Contact

a. Prior to discharge and with patient consent, the hospital will attempt to notify the patient's emergency contacts and peer recovery support specialist (if any of these individuals have been identified) pursuant to R.I. Gen. Laws § 23-17.26-3(iii). If the patient declines notification of an emergency contact or recovery coach, the treating provider will document this refusal in the medical record.

b. Hospitals shall have a written policy for notification of emergency contact available upon request, inspection, or related to investigation of complaint.

8. Right to Refuse Treatment

Pursuant to R.I. Gen. Laws § 23-17-19.1(4), a patient has the right to refuse any screening, treatment, or service described in §§4.6.1(D)(1) through (7) of this Part.

9. Overdose Reporting

Hospitals shall comply with the reporting requirements found in Rules and Regulations Pertaining to Opioid Overdose Prevention and Reporting (Part 20-20-5 of this Title).

E. Financial Interest Disclosure

1. Any health care facility licensed pursuant to R.I. Gen. Laws Chapter 23-17, which refers clients to another such licensed health care facility or to a residential care/assisted living facility licensed pursuant to R.I. Gen. Laws Chapter 23-17.4, or to a certified adult day care program in which the referring entity has a financial interest shall, at the time a referral is made, disclose in writing the following information to the client:

a. that the referring entity has a financial interest in the facility or provider to which the referral is being made;

b. that the client has the option of seeking care from a different facility or provider which is also licensed and/or certified by the state to provide similar services to the client.

2. The referring entity shall also offer the client a written list prepared by the Department of Health of all such alternative licensed and/or certified facilities or providers. Said written list may be obtained by contacting:

Rhode Island Department of Health, Center for Health Facility Regulations

3 Capitol Hill, Room 306

Providence, RI 02908

401.222.2566

3. Non-compliance with §§4.6.1(E)(1) through (2) of this Part shall constitute grounds to revoke, suspend or otherwise discipline the licensee or to deny an application for licensure by the Director, or may result in imposition of an administrative penalty in accordance with R.I. Gen. Laws §23-17.10.

4.6.2Patient Care Management

A. A mechanism shall be established for the periodic review and revision of patient care policies and procedures.

B. There shall be evidence that medical, nursing and other services are provided under an integrated written plan of care for each patient. Written care plans shall identify problems, goals, and interventions. Goals shall be measurable.

C. All orders for medications or treatments must be in writing. An order is considered to be in writing if: it is written and signed by a lawfully authorized person; or it is dictated to and transcribed by a registered nurse or other appropriately licensed person onto the order form. Additionally, the registered nurse or other appropriately licensed person must: date the order and identify the telephone or verbal order by the name and title of the authorized individual who gave the order; and sign the order entry with his/her own name and title. All verbal or telephone orders must be appropriately signed by a practitioner involved in the care of the patient no later than the end of the next calendar day.

1. Hospitals may implement a standing orders program authorizing licensed nurses and other licensed health care professionals acting within their scopes of practice to administer influenza and/or pneumococcal vaccines without a physician signature in accordance with an institution-approved or physician-approved protocol. The standing orders shall be in accordance with "Immunization of Health-Care Personnel: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)," incorporated above at § 4.2(A)(19) of this Part.

D. There shall be a written policy for appropriate minimum, specific testing for all surgical inpatients and for all patients who are undergoing specific procedures requiring anesthesia in the inpatient and outpatient settings.

E. The hospital shall assure that drugs and biologicals are only administered by appropriately licensed professionals, including but not limited to, physicians, nurses, or physician assistants. Medication administration technicians shall not administer drugs or biologicals under any circumstances.

F. The hospital shall provide care and services to all patients in accordance with the prevailing community standard of care.

G. Medical Restraints:

In acute medical and pre/post-surgical care, a patient shall be free from physical and chemical restraint that is not medically necessary. A restraint shall only be used if needed to improve the patient's well-being and only if less restrictive interventions have been determined to be ineffective to protect the patient or others from harm.

H. Behavioral Restraints:

A patient shall be free from seclusion or restraint imposed as a means of coercion, discipline, convenience or retaliation by staff. Seclusion or restraint employed for behavior management shall only be used in emergency situations if needed to ensure the patient's or other's physical safety and less restrictive interventions have been determined to be ineffective.

1. Restraints/seclusion use shall be prescribed in writing and signed by a physician or other licensed practitioner acting within his/her scope of practice and permitted by the hospital to order restraints/seclusion. The type and duration of restraints/seclusion shall be specified. Standing or "on an as needed basis" (i.e., PRN) orders shall not be permitted.

2. Restraints/seclusion, if used, shall be addressed in the written treatment plan for the patient.

3. Restraints/seclusion use shall be based on an assessment of the patient, implemented in the least restrictive manner possible, implemented in accordance with safe and appropriate restraining techniques, and discontinued at the earliest possible time.

4. The condition of a restrained/secluded patient shall be continually assessed, monitored, and reevaluated.

I. Pain Assessment

All health care providers licensed by this state to provide health care services and all health care facilities licensed under R.I. Gen. Laws Chapter 23-17, shall assess patient pain in accordance with the requirements of the "Rules and Regulations Related to Pain Assessment" promulgated by the Department.

4.6.3Provision of Interpreter Services

A. Every hospital shall, as a condition of initial or continued licensure, provide a qualified interpreter, if an appropriate bilingual clinician is not available to translate, in connection with all services provided to every non-English speaker who is a patient or seeks appropriate care and treatment and is not accompanied or represented by an appropriate qualified interpreter or a qualified sign language interpreter who has attained at least sixteen (16) years of age.

B. No later than 1 July 2002, each hospital shall develop, establish and maintain a formal plan for the provision of language interpretation with respect to the provision of hospital services in all licensed settings.

1. Each hospital shall establish criteria for the qualification of interpreters. In addition to fluency in a language other than English, interpreters shall have demonstrated competency in the following topics, at a minimum:

a. the appropriate role of a medical interpreter;

b. the confidentiality of health care information;

c. the ethical issues involved in serving as a medical interpreter;

d. common medical terminology; and

e. relevant hospital policies and procedures.

2. Each hospital shall review the qualifications of and designate individuals as interpreters in specific languages. Such reviews and designations shall be documented.

3. Each hospital shall establish criteria for the qualification of bilingual clinicians. In addition to being bilingual, clinicians shall have knowledge of the following topics:

a. the appropriate role of a medical interpreter;

b. the ethical issues involved in serving as a medical interpreter;

c. common medical terminology; and

d. relevant hospital policies and procedures.

4. Each hospital, for the purposes of providing interpretive services, shall review the qualifications of and designate clinicians as bilingual in specific languages. Such reviews and designations shall be documented.

5. Each hospital may also contract with appropriate off-site interpreter service providers for the provision of qualified interpreter services provided that hospital has received the prior written approval of such arrangements from the state agency.

C. Each hospital shall post a multi-lingual notice in conspicuous places setting forth the requirements of §4.6.3(A) of this Part in English, include the internationally-recognized symbol for sign language (including a relay number for access by hearing/speech impaired (TTY)) and include, at minimum, three (3) most common foreign languages used by the hospital as determined by the hospital.

4.6.4Central Service Functions

A. Hospitals with central service functions shall operate, under the supervision of a qualified person, a central service for the processing, sterilization, storing and dispensing of clean and sterile supplies and equipment.

B. Adequate facilities shall be provided for the cleaning, preparation, sterilization, aeration, storage and dispensing of supplies and equipment for patient care.

C. Areas for the processing of clean and dirty supplies and equipment shall be separated by physical barriers.

D. Written procedures shall be established for all central service functions including:

1. procedures for all sterilization and for monitoring the effectiveness thereof;

2. appropriate disposal of wastes and contaminated supplies; and

3. compliance with the provisions of Comprehensive Accreditation Manual for Hospitals, incorporated above at § 4.2(A)(23) of this Part.

E. Such procedures shall be subject to the approval of a multidisciplinary hospital group.

F. Reports of bacteriological tests and dated recordings of thermometer charts and inspection records shall be maintained in accordance with written procedures.

G. Central service procedures shall apply wherever sterilization is performed.

4.6.5Dietary Service

A. Each facility shall maintain a dietary service directed by a full-time person qualified by training and experience in organization and administration of food service.

B. Each hospital shall have at least one Registered Dietitian, licensed by the state, to direct nutritional aspects of patient care and to advise on food preparation and service.

C. Adequate space, equipment and supplies shall be provided for the efficient, safe and sanitary receiving, storage, refrigeration, preparation and service of food and other related aspects of the food service operation.

1. Any construction, addition, alterations affecting food service operations shall be in conformity with the requirements of R.I. Gen. Laws § 23-1-31.

D. Each hospital food service operation shall comply with the applicable standards of the Rhode Island Food Code (Part 50-10-1 of this Title).

E. Foods shall be prepared by methods that conserve nutritive value, flavor and appearance.

F. Foods served shall be palatable, attractive and at proper temperature.

G. Written policies and procedures shall be established for dietary services, pertaining to but not limited to the following:

1. responsibilities and functions of personnel;

2. standards for nutritional care in accordance with Recommended Dietary Allowances, incorporated above at § 4.2(A)(12) of this Part;

3. identifying patients at nutritional risk;

4. precise delivery of patient's dietary order;

5. alterations or modifications to diet orders or schedules;

6. food purchasing, storage, preparation and service;

7. safety and sanitation relative to personnel and equipment;

8. ancillary dietary services, including food storage and preparation in satellite kitchens, and vending operations;

9. ice making in accordance with Good Manufacturing Practices for Food (Part 50-10-4 of this Title); and

10. standards for enteral nutritional care.

H. Any hospital engaged in processing, handling, or both, of frozen foods shall be subject to standards of Good Manufacturing Practices for Food (Part 50-10-4 of this Title).

I. There shall be a diet manual maintained by the dietary service which shall be reviewed, revised as necessary and approved by a multidisciplinary group at least every five (5) years and more often as necessary. Diets served to patients shall comply with the principles set forth in the diet manual.

J. All patient diets shall be ordered in writing by the physician.

K. Assessments, observations and information pertinent to dietetic treatment shall be recorded in the patient's medical record by the dietitian.

L. A hospital contracting for food service shall require, as part of the contract, that the contractor comply with the provisions of these regulations.

4.6.6Disaster && Mass Casualty Program

A. Each hospital shall develop and maintain a written disaster plan which shall include provisions for complete evacuation of the facility and for the timely care of casualties arising from both external and internal disasters based on the guidelines of Comprehensive Accreditation Manual for Hospitals, incorporated above at § 4.2(A)(23) of this Part.

B. The plan shall also include provisions for:

1. disaster-site triage and distribution of patients to ensure the most efficient use of available facilities and services;

2. a mechanism for physician identification as well as route access and entrance to the hospital; and

3. back-up or contingency plans to address internal systems, electronic disasters, including a backup system for an electronic medical record file system, and/or equipment failures.

C. The plan(s) shall be developed and coordinated with the appropriate state and local agencies and representatives concerned with emergency, safety, rescue and disaster preparedness.

D. The disaster plan shall be rehearsed at least twice a year preferably as part of a coordinated drill in which other community emergency services agencies participate with hospital, medical, administrative, nursing and other personnel.

E. Written reports and evaluation of all drills shall be maintained.

F. A copy of the plan(s) and any revision thereto shall be submitted to the licensing agency.

4.6.7Emergency Service

A. Each hospital shall have a well-defined plan for emergency services based on community need and on the capability of the hospital and its specialized supportive services.

1. The hospital plan for emergency services shall be developed in cooperation with representatives of community emergency medical service agencies or groups (e.g., emergency medical service councils).

2. Hospitals without an emergency department or service shall have written policies and procedures governing the handling of emergencies.

3. Pursuant to R.I. Gen. Laws § 23-17-26, every hospital with an emergency medical care unit shall provide to every person prompt lifesaving medical treatment in an emergency:

a. without discrimination based on economic status or source of payment; and

b. without delaying treatment for the purpose of prior discussion of source of payment;

c. unless such delays can be imposed without material risk to the health of the person.

B. Each hospital emergency department or service shall be organized to provide twenty-four (24) hour services with adequate professional and ancillary staff coverage to ensure that all persons are treated within a reasonable length of time, commensurate with the priority for treatment.

C. Every emergency department or service shall have a person qualified by training and experience in the department twenty-four (24) hours a day who shall determine the nature, level and urgency of care required of all persons seeking treatment and to categorize them accordingly, assuring that serious cases are accorded priority treatment. If such person is a non-physician, he or she shall serve under the supervision of the physician-in-charge and in accordance with policies and procedures acceptable to the medical staff and hospital administration.

D. Every hospital emergency department or service shall have a qualified member of the medical staff assigned as physician-in-charge or made responsible for the emergency medical services, to ensure that emergency patient care services meet the standards of these regulations and for the coordination of physician coverage according to a plan established by the medical staff and approved by the governing authority.

E. At least one (1) physician on duty in the emergency department of a general hospital shall be certified by the American Board of Emergency Medicine or the American Board of Osteopathic Emergency Medicine or shall be eligible to sit for examination of one of the aforementioned boards; or shall be Board certified or eligible in Family Practice, Internal Medicine or General Surgery with at least one (1) year of practice in emergency medicine; or those physicians who have practiced in an emergency department setting for at least seven thousand (7,000) hours in sixty (60) months with two thousand (2,000) of said practice hours having been completed in the last twenty-four (24) months.

1. At least one physician on duty or immediately available "on call" in the emergency department of a psychiatric hospital shall be certified by the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology or shall be eligible to sit for the examination of the aforementioned board.

F. Additional staff in the emergency department or service of a general hospital shall meet the following qualifications:

1. a physician who is Board certified or eligible in Family Practice, Internal Medicine, General Surgery or Pediatrics;

2. a physician with more than two (2) years of practice following full licensure; or

3. in those hospitals having approved residency training programs, by residents with more than two (2) years of training in the specialties of internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics, and/or emergency medicine, when such emergency department training is part of their formal residency training program.

G. In addition, hospitals shall have available on call twenty-four (24) hours a day, physicians in specialties appropriate to the scope of services provided by the hospital.

H. A current roster of physicians, medical specialists or consultants on emergency call, including alternates, shall be kept posted at all times in the emergency department or service.

I. The staffing pattern of nursing and allied health personnel shall be consonant with the scope and complexity of the emergency services provided. No less than one registered nurse who has training and experience in emergency care shall be assigned to the emergency services at all times.

J. A continuing inservice education training program in emergency medical care, including prehospital care protocols and standing orders in accordance with the provisions of the Department's "Rules and Regulations Relating to Emergency Medical Services", shall be conducted for all categories of health personnel in the emergency department or service in accordance with §4.5.7 of this Part.

K. There shall be written policies governing emergency patient care services, supported by appropriate procedure manuals and reference materials. The policies and procedures shall pertain to at least the following:

1. medical staff and obligation for emergency patient care in accordance with §4.6.7(A)(3) of this Part;

2. circumstances under which definitive care shall not be provided and procedures to be followed in referrals;

3. assignment of clinical privileges according to levels of professional competence;

4. procedures that may or may not be performed in the emergency department or service area;

5. handling of persons who are emotionally ill, under the influence of drugs or alcohol, dead on arrival, or other categories of special cases as determined necessary;

6. procedures for early transfer of severely ill or injured to special in-house treatment areas or to other facilities;

7. written instructions to be given for follow-up care and disposition of all cases;

8. notification of patient's personal physician and transmission of relevant reports;

9. disclosure of patient information in accordance with federal and state law;

10. communication with police, health authorities and emergency vehicle operators;

11. appropriate utilization of observation beds;

12. procurement of equipment and drugs; and

13. operation of the emergency department or service in times of disaster.

L. A list of poison antidotes and the telephone number of the Rhode Island Poison Control Center shall be available in the emergency department or service area.

M. The emergency service shall have necessary supportive services available on a twenty-four (24) hour basis. These services shall include, in accordance with these regulations, anesthesia service (§4.6.20 of this Part); clinical laboratory service with arterial blood gas analysis capability (§4.6.9(E)(1) of this Part); blood transfusion services (§4.6.9(H) of this Part); pharmaceutical service (§4.6.14 of this Part); radiology service including protocol to govern the interpretation by a radiologist, of diagnostic images produced by x-ray or other modalities, including a procedure for the prompt communication of the radiologist's interpretation (§4.6.15(A) of this Part); and surgical service (§4.6.19 of this Part).

N. Facilities, equipment, supplies and drugs for the reception, appraisal, examination, treatment and observation of emergency room patients shall be determined by the amount, type and extensiveness of services provided.

O. No less than the following special supplies and equipment shall be available and located within the general hospital emergency department or service:

1. oxygen;

2. electrocardiograph;

3. cardiac monitor and defibrillator with battery pack;

4. pacemaker;

5. central venous catheter set-up;

6. gastric lavage equipment;

7. suction device;

8. intravenous fluids and administration devices;

9. endotracheal intubation, pericardiocentesis, thoracostomy, and cricothyrotomy trays;

10. mechanical ventilator (readily available);

11. emergency obstetrical pack; and

12. pulse oximeter for measuring carboxyhemoglobin levels.

P. The emergency drug cart(s) and adjunctive emergency equipment shall be checked by an appropriate, designated individual at least once per shift to assure that all items required for immediate availability are actually contained in the cart and are in usable condition.

1. A signed record of such periodic inspections shall be maintained by the appropriate emergency department staff.

Q. A medical record shall be maintained on every patient seeking emergency care. For each visit to the emergency service, the medical record shall contain documentation relating to the following:

1. patient identification (name, address, age and sex);

2. time and means of arrival;

3. pertinent medical history of the illness or injury and physical findings;

4. emergency care given before arrival;

5. diagnostic and therapeutic orders;

6. reports of procedures, tests, treatments and findings;

7. diagnostic impression;

8. conclusion at termination of evaluation/treatment, including final disposition of patient, condition on discharge or transfer, and any instructions given for follow-up care;

9. a patient's leaving against medical advice; and

10. origin of incoming patient and destination of patient at discharge.

11. the standardized Rhode Island EMS Ambulance Run Report ("run report") provided, prepared and signed by the licensed emergency medical technician who completed the form.

R. A mechanism shall be developed to include the emergency department record into the patient's medical record in accordance with §4.6.10(C) of this Part.

S. Those hospitals which have provisions for Mobile Intensive Care Communications manned by technical personnel shall comply with the requirements of R.I. Gen. Laws Chapter 23-17.6.

T. The standards of §4.5.9 of this Part pertaining to "Rights of Patients" shall be observed for all patients treated in the emergency department or service. In addition, hospitals shall:

1. provide access to a physically separate room, office or chapel, wherein privacy can be guaranteed, for families when circumstances shall warrant (such room may have alternative uses); and

2. inform emergency service patients, by posting in an easily visible location, that the routine cost for use of the emergency service does not include additional professional service charges except in the case where residents who perform the service are employed by the hospital.

U. Restocking of Municipal Ambulance Supplies

1. Pursuant to R.I. Gen. Laws § 23-4.1-7.1, every hospital licensed in accordance with R.I. Gen. Laws Chapter 23-17, is required to restock supplies listed by the Director of Health that are used by a licensed emergency medical services provider in transporting emergency patients to such hospital.

a. Restocking will not be required:

(1) in the absence of documentation of supply usage on the emergency patient's R.I. EMS ambulance run report, or

(2) if the licensed emergency medical services provider bills any third party payer for the supplies which were used.

b. The listing of supplies that are subject to mandatory restocking in accordance with §4.6.7(U)(1) of this Part is available by contacting:

Rhode Island Department of Health, Office of Emergency Medical Services

3 Capitol Hill, Room 105

Providence, RI 02908

401-222-2401

V. Diversion Plan - Disaster Planning and Response

Hospitals with an emergency department or service shall maintain participation in and compliance with the Rhode Island Diversion Plan. Such compliance shall include retaining all required communication devices (e.g., Nextel system) in good operating condition and training of an adequate number of staff in the use of communication equipment as it relates to disaster planning/response and the proper execution of the Diversion Plan.

4.6.8Home Care Services

A. Hospitals with home care services as defined in § 4.3 of this Part, shall have an organizational structure designed in accordance with the provisions of §4.5.6 of this Part.

B. A qualified person shall be responsible for the administrative and coordinating functions of the home care program. Such a person may be the physician responsible for the general direction of the medical services of the program.

C. A multidisciplinary group with representatives of the services provided shall be established to serve in an advisory capacity. The group shall meet as frequently as necessary, maintain written documented reports of its proceedings, and shall be responsible for no less than the following:

1. develop and recommend policies as required under §§4.6.1 through 4.6.2 of this Part, and such other policies as may be required pertaining to professional and ancillary services provided by and through the program;

2. assist in maintaining liaison with other health care providers;

3. assist in quality improvement program;

4. review annually all program policies and make recommendations; and

5. such other related functions as may be deemed advisable within the scope of responsibility of said group.

D. The general responsibility for the medical services provided in connection with the home care program shall be vested in an appropriately designated member of the medical staff in accordance with hospital policy.

1. Regularly scheduled meetings of personnel responsible for the provision of services (such as program staff, hospital personnel and representatives of participating community agencies) shall be held to affect coordination of patient care services.

E. Home health care program personnel shall be qualified to perform their respective duties in accordance with state licensure and acceptable professional qualification standards.

F. A policy and procedure manual shall be established which shall contain guidelines specifically related to the program such as:

1. definition of the scope of services offered;

2. admission and discharge policies;

3. procedures to be performed in the home;

4. circumstances that may require the patient to return to the hospital for treatment;

5. care of patients in an emergency; and

6. other such related policies and procedures.

G. A medical record shall be maintained for every patient receiving services in accordance with the provisions of §4.6.10 of this Part.

H. Arrangements for the provision of services by a participating community agency or individual provider shall be documented by means of a written signed agreement or contract which shall include specific terms governing the mutual responsibilities for the nature, scope and cost of service to be provided.

4.6.9Laboratory Service

A. The director of laboratory service shall be a member of the medical staff, preferably a pathologist certified by the American Board of Pathology.

B. Staff personnel shall be sufficient in number and adequately qualified and licensed, as applicable, pursuant to R.I. Gen. Laws Chapter 23-16.3.

C. Laboratories shall have adequate space, equipment and supplies to perform the required volume of work with accuracy, efficiency and shall conform with the fire safety requirements found in section 15.4 of NFPA 99: Health Care Facilities Code, incorporated above at § 4.2(A)(15) of this Part.

D. Provisions shall be made to assure continuous availability of emergency laboratory services, including blood transfusion services.

E. Clinical Laboratory Services

1. Examination in the fields of hematology, chemistry, microbiology, immunology, urinalysis, immunohematology and other services necessary to meet patient care needs shall be provided within the institution in accordance with standard medical practice and these regulations.

2. Hospital clinical laboratory services shall be provided in accordance with Section 10.0 "Records and Reports," Section 12.0 "Procedural Manual," Sections 13.1 and 13.2 of "Collection, Identification and Examination of Specimens," Section 14.0 "Radiobioassay, Pathological, and Cytological Examinations," and Sections 15.1, 15.2, and 15.2.1 of "Methodologies for Quality Control" of "Rules and Regulations for Licensing Clinical Laboratories and Stations."

F. Other Services

1. Other services not specifically required by these regulations to be provided on-site may be provided either by the hospital directly or by contractual arrangement with a Rhode Island licensed laboratory. Such services may include tissue pathology, cytotechnology, cytogenetics, etc.

2. In the latter instance, written policies and procedures shall be established governing prompt transportation of specimens and submission of reports; and all surgically removed tissues shall be examined by a pathologist and signed reports shall be included in the patient's medical record.

3. There shall be a written mechanism for internal and/or external professional review of tissue pathology services as needed.

G. Autopsy Service

1. An autopsy service shall be provided either directly by the hospital or by contractual arrangement with another licensed institution.

2. In either case, the facility shall have adequate space, equipment and personnel for the expected workload; autopsies on reportable death cases shall be subject to the requirements of rules and regulations pertaining to Medical Examiner System (Part 60-10-1 of this Title).

H. Blood Banks && Transfusion Services:

1. Each hospital shall provide appropriate facilities and equipment for the procurement, storage and administration of whole blood and blood products either directly or through participation in a multi-facility community blood collection, testing, storage and processing system. Psychiatric hospitals not providing this service shall be exempt from this requirement.

2. Written policies and procedures for all phases of operation of blood banks and transfusion services shall be established and periodically revised to comply with standards of Standards for Blood Banks and Transfusion Services, incorporated above at § 4.2(A)(21) of this Part.

I. Reports

Authenticated and dated reports of all pathological and clinical laboratory examinations including autopsies shall be made part of the patient's medical record in a timely manner as determined by hospital policy.

4.6.10Medical Records

A. The medical record service shall be under the full-time direction of a registered medical record administrator or a registered health information administrator (RHIA) who is certified by the American Health Information Management Association or who possesses equivalent training and experience.

B. The medical record department shall be adequately staffed and equipped to facilitate the accurate processing, checking, indexing, filing and retrieval of all medical records.

C. A medical record shall be established and maintained for every person treated on an inpatient, outpatient (ambulatory) or emergency basis, in any unit of the hospital. The record shall be available to all other units.

D. Written policies and procedures shall be established regarding content and completion of medical records by an appropriate multidisciplinary group. Also, this group shall be responsible for ongoing review.

E. Entries in the medical record shall be made by the responsible person in accordance with hospital policies and procedures.

F. The medical record shall contain sufficient information to identify the patient and the problem, to describe the treatment and document the results.

G. The content of all medical records (inpatient, outpatient, ambulatory and emergency) shall conform with applicable standards of Comprehensive Accreditation Manual for Hospitals, incorporated above at § 4.2(A)(23) of this Part. Further, medical records shall document the primary language of the patient; shall document any hospital provision of interpretive services by bilingual clinicians, qualified interpreters, or qualified sign language interpreters; and shall document the inability to provide interpretive services by bilingual clinicians, qualified interpreters, or qualified sign language interpreters as required by the patient.

H. The medical record, including the discharge summary, shall be completed within thirty (30) days of the patient's discharge.

I. Provisions shall be made for the safe storage of medical records in accordance with NFPA 99: Standard for the Protection of Records, incorporated above at § 4.2(A)(16) of this Part.

J. All medical records either original or accurate reproductions shall be preserved for a minimum of five (5) years following discharge of the patient in accordance with R.I. Gen. Laws § 23-3-26.

1. Records of minors shall be kept for at least five (5) years after such minor shall have reached the age of 18 years.

K. A mechanism shall be established to ensure confidentiality of all medical records, including computerized or electronic records.

L. Patient Access to Medical Records

1. Medical records, even though the property of the facility, may be requested by the patient or an authorized representative. All medical record requests shall be made in writing.

2. Charges shall not be made if the record is requested for continuity of care purposes or for immunization records required for school admission or by the applicant or beneficiary or individual representing an applicant or beneficiary for the purposes of supporting a claim or appeal under the provision of the Social Security Act or any federal or state needs-based benefit program such as Medical Assistance, RIte Care, Temporary Disability Insurance and Unemployment Compensation.

3. No fees shall be charged to applicants for benefits in connection with a Civil Court Certification Proceeding or a claim under the Worker's Compensation Act R.I. Gen. Laws Chapter 28-29 as reflected in R.I. Gen. Laws § 23-17-19.1(16).

4. Records must be provided within thirty (30) days of the request or within thirty (30) days of completion of the medical record (whichever is later).

M. Hospital Closure/Change in Ownership and Medical Records

1. A hospital that voluntarily closes or changes ownership shall initiate a multimedia press release, within thirty (30) days, notifying the public of the facility closure. Such notice shall include the procedure by which individuals may obtain their medical records. In addition, written notification of facility closure and a plan for disposition of medical records shall be provided to the Department at least thirty (30) days prior to the closure/change of ownership of the hospital.

2. If a hospital changes ownership, all medical records in original, electronic, or microfilm form shall remain in the hospital or related institution, become part of the ownership agreement, and it shall be the responsibility of the new owner to protect and maintain these records.

3. If any hospital shall be finally closed, its medical records may be delivered to any other hospital(s) in the vicinity willing to accept and retain same, or may be delivered to any other lawfully permitted agency.

4. Medical records not claimed that are beyond five (5) years of the last date of discharge may be destroyed, provided that the requirements of §4.6.10(J)(1) of this Part are met. Patients or their representatives shall be provided with an opportunity to claim their records prior to destruction of the records in the event of closure or change in ownership of the hospital.

4.6.11Nursing Service

A. Each hospital shall have an organized nursing department. A registered nurse qualified on the basis of education, experience and clinical ability shall be responsible for the nursing service.

B. There shall be a sufficient number of registered nurses on duty at all times to plan, assign, supervise and evaluate nursing care as well as to provide direct patient care as required.

1. There shall be a registered nurse on each inpatient unit at all times.

C. The number and type of registered nurses and ancillary nursing personnel shall be based on evaluation of patient care needs and staff capabilities for each patient care unit.

1. The hospital shall designate a registered nurse responsible for development of a written nursing staffing plan. This plan shall be:

a. specific by nursing unit;

b. developed in collaboration with nursing representation from each unit; and

c. flexible to respond to changes in patient acuity and/or census.

D. Nursing personnel shall be assigned to patient care units in a manner that minimizes the risk of cross-infection and accidental contamination.

E. There shall be written evidence that the nursing service provides safe and effective nursing care, through the comprehensive assessment and planning of each patient's care based upon such assessment and the implementation of the plan.

4.6.12Nuclear Medicine

A. Hospitals with nuclear medicine service may provide such services either directly or per contractual arrangement with another facility having a licensed program in accordance with "Rules and Regulations for the Control of Radiation."

B. The direction of the nuclear service shall be provided by a member of the medical staff who through education and experience is qualified in nuclear medicine.

C. Policies and procedures shall be adopted for the receiving, handling, use, storage and disposition of radioactive isotopes based on the guidelines of Brodsky, Allen, Principles and Practices for Keeping Occupational Radiation Exposures at Medical Institutions as Low as Reasonably Achievable, incorporated above at § 4.2(A)(8) of this Part.

D. The type, quantity and quality of equipment for the nuclear medicine service shall be adequate to conduct reliable diagnostic studies and treatment.

E. There shall be quality control procedures and a quality management program as required under Part C of the "Rules and Regulations for the Control of Radiation."

F. Records of services rendered shall be maintained and incorporated in the patient's medical record. Other records as required by law shall be maintained.

G. Radiobioassay Examinations

A nuclear medicine department performing radiobioassay examinations shall comply with the "Rules and Regulations for the Control of Radiation." Furthermore, the nuclear medicine department shall be registered with the Office of Occupational and Radiological Health and conform to such directives as may be promulgated by the Department of Health for possession and use of radioactive materials.

4.6.13Outpatient (Ambulatory Care) Services

All hospital outpatient (ambulatory care) services shall conform to all applicable regulations, since such services are an integral part of the hospital and covered under its license.

4.6.14Pharmaceutical Service

Each hospital shall provide pharmaceutical services either directly within the institution or by contractual arrangement. In either instance, there shall be evidence of a current pharmacy license in compliance with R.I. Gen. Laws § 5-19.1-8. Pharmaceutical services shall be provided in accordance with "Rules and Regulations Pertaining to Pharmacists, Pharmacies && Manufacturers, Wholesalers && Distributors."

4.6.15Medical Imaging Services

A. Each hospital, except those psychiatric hospitals who elect not to provide medical imaging services, shall maintain such services including provisions for emergency coverage, directed by a qualified radiologist, preferably one certified by the American Board of Radiology or having the equivalent in training and experience.

B. Hospitals maintaining radiotherapy services shall provide for their safe and effective operation under a director qualified by training and experience in therapeutic radiology.

C. X-ray equipment facilities and services shall be registered with the Office of Occupational and Radiological Health in accordance with Part B of "Rules and Regulations for the Control of Radiation."

D. Sufficient technical personnel shall be available, consistent with the scope of services provided.

E. Adequate space and equipment shall be provided for medical imaging services including facilities for processing and storage of films and records.

F. Authenticated reports of the radiologist's interpretation, consultation and therapy shall be part of the patient's medical record.

G. Reports and films shall be preserved in accordance with §4.6.10(I) of this Part.

H. All aspects of mammography services shall be managed in accordance with the provisions of the Rules && Regulations Related to Quality Assurance Standards for Mammography of the Rhode Island Department of Health and the applicable U.S. Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) regulations in 21 C.F.R. Part 900 (2017).

4.6.16Radiation Safety

A. The requirements of Parts A and F of "Rules and Regulations for the Control of Radiation" pertaining to x-ray equipment, safety precautions, monitoring of personnel and areas, administrative procedures, maintenance of records and other requirements shall apply to medical imaging services.

B. The requirements of Part H of "Rules and Regulations for the Control of Radiation" pertaining to particle accelerators shall apply to radiotherapy services utilizing particle accelerators.

4.6.17Reporting of Hospital Events && Incidents

A. Reportable Deaths:

1. All patient deaths occurring within the hospital, which are reportable in accordance with Rules and Regulations Pertaining to Medical Examiner System (Part 60-10-1 of this Title), shall be reported to the Office of State Medical Examiners.

2. In addition to the above, hospitals shall be subject to the appropriate requirements of Rules and Regulations Pertaining to Medical Examiner System (Part 60-10-1 of this Title).

B. Reportable Events

1. The hospital shall, within twenty-four (24) hours of receipt of such information, notify the licensing agency of any reportable event as defined in § 4.3 of this Part on a form and in a manner specified by the Department.

2. In cases of kidnapping or elopement, the report to the licensing agency shall include: patient medical record number; date and circumstances of the kidnapping/elopement; and outcome (e.g., return to hospital, adverse effect, etc.). Peer review and follow-up reporting shall be conducted as required in §§4.6.17(C)(5) through (6) of this Part.

3. Health care facilities shall provide the licensing agency with prompt notice of pending and actual labor disputes/actions which would impact delivery of patient care services including, but not limited to, strikes, walk-outs, and strike notices. Health care facilities shall provide a plan, acceptable to the Director, for continued operation of the facility, suspension of operations, or closure in the event of such actual or potential labor dispute/action.

C. Reportable Incidents

1. The hospital shall ensure that any employee who has reasonable cause to believe a reportable incident, as defined in § 4.3 of this Part, has occurred reports such information to a high managerial agent within twenty-four (24) hours of receipt of such information on a form and in a manner specified by the Department.

2. The hospital must maintain records of such reports including all subsequent actions taken.

3. Any reportable incident occurring on or after June 30, 1994 shall be reported in writing to the Department of Health within seventy-two (72) hours of when the hospital has reasonable cause to believe an incident has occurred. Any incident(s) occurring prior to June 30, 1994 need not be reported.

4. Written report shall be in compliance with §4.9.1 of this Part and shall include a patient medical record number but no personal identifier.

5. The hospital shall ensure an appropriate committee or multidisciplinary group conducts peer review for all reportable incidents. The hospital shall notify the licensing agency of the outcome of the internal review as soon as this information is available but in no case later than six (6) months after the initial report and if the findings determine that the incident was within the normal range of outcomes, no further action shall be required.

6. If findings conclude that the incident was not within said normal range, the hospital shall conduct a root cause analysis or other appropriate process for incident investigation to identify causal factors that may have led to the incident and shall develop a performance improvement plan to prevent similar incidents from occurring in the future. The hospital shall provide the licensing agency the following information:

a. an explanation of the circumstances surrounding the incident;

b. an updated assessment of the effect of the incident on the patient;

c. a summary of current patient status including follow-up care and post incident diagnosis;

d. a summary of all actions taken to correct identified problems to prevent recurrence of the incident and/or improve overall patient care; and

e. a copy of the performance improvement plan developed as a result of the incident investigation.

D. Other Reporting Requirements

1. The hospital shall forward to the licensing agency copies of all hospital notifications and reports made in compliance with the federal Safe Medical Devices Act of 1990, 21 U.S.C. § 360i (2017).

2. The hospital shall report within 24 hours, to the licensing agency, allegations of patient abuse, neglect or mistreatment as defined in R.I. Gen. Laws Chapter 23-17-8.

4.6.18Social Services

A. Every hospital shall provide social services within the scope of a defined plan.

B. A social worker qualified on the basis of education, training and experience in accordance with the provisions of R.I. Gen. Laws Chapter 5-39.1 shall supervise the delivery of social services on a full, part-time, or consultative basis.

C. The service shall be staffed by a sufficient number of social workers, qualified on the basis of education, training and experience in accordance with the provisions of R.I. Gen. Laws Chapter 5-39.1.

D. Appropriate records shall be maintained and included in the patient's medical record.

4.6.19Surgical Service

A. Hospitals in which surgery is performed shall maintain an operating suite and a surgical department/service.

B. The surgical department/service shall be governed under rules and regulations which include surgical staff privileges, supporting services of other professional and paramedical personnel, provisions for emergency coverage and operating suite procedures, including standards of Rules and Regulations for the Termination of Pregnancy (Part 20-10-6 of this Title).

C. The operating suite shall be:

1. under the supervision of a person qualified by training and experience in operating room service;

2. adequately designed, to include operating and recovery rooms, proper scrubbing, sterilization and dressing room facilities, storage for anesthetic agents and shall be adequately equipped as required by the scope and complexity of services;

3. in compliance with safety requirements of section 5.1.14.1.1 NFPA 99: Health Care Facilities Code, incorporated above at § 4.2(A)(14) of this Part, and all other codes and regulations of §§4.7.4 and 4.8.1(A) of this Part; and

4. provided with prominently posted policies and procedures pertaining to safety controls.

D. A roster of current surgical privileges of every surgical staff member shall be maintained on file in the operating suite.

E. An operating room register shall be maintained which shall include as a minimum: patient's name, hospital number; pre- and post-operative diagnosis; complications, if any; name of surgeon; first assistant, anesthetist, scrub and circulating nurse; operation performed; and type of anesthesia.

F. The medical staff shall develop a policy acceptable to the Director identifying which tissue/specimens removed at surgery shall be submitted for pathological examination.

G. Policies and procedures governing infection control and reporting techniques shall be established in accordance with §4.7.2(A)(4) of this Part.

H. The patient's medical record shall be available in the surgical suite at time of surgery and shall contain no less than the following information which shall be documented prior to surgery:

1. a medical history, physical examination and laboratory studies in accordance with §4.6.2(C) of this Part;

2. a signed consent for surgical procedure except in emergencies; and

3. a pre-operative diagnosis.

I. An accurate and complete description of operative procedure including post-operative diagnosis shall be recorded by the operating surgeon within 48 hours following completion of surgery.

4.6.20Anesthesia Service

A. In hospitals with an anesthesia department/service, said department/service shall be under the direction of a board-certified anesthesiologist and shall be organized under written policies and procedures regarding staff privileges, emergency coverage on a twenty-four (24) hour basis, the administration of anesthetics, the maintenance of safety controls and qualifications and supervision of non-physician anesthetists and trainees.

B. Policies shall include provisions, in addition to the above, for the following:

1. pre-anesthesia evaluation by a physician;

2. safety of the patient during the anesthesia period;

3. review of patient's condition prior to induction of anesthesia and post anesthetic evaluation;

4. recording of all events related to each phase of anesthesia care, including the development of an intraoperative anesthesia record; and

5. the administration of anesthetics, including conscious sedation, in any setting in the hospital.

C. With respect to inpatients, a post-anesthesia evaluation shall be documented within forty-eight (48) hours after surgery by the individual who administered the anesthesia. If the person who administered the anesthesia is on leave (e.g., holiday, vacation, sick), an exception to this requirement shall be permitted.

D. With respect to outpatients, a post-anesthesia evaluation to assess proper anesthesia recovery shall be performed prior to discharge. All post-anesthesia evaluations shall be performed by the individual who administered the anesthesia or another qualified anesthesia provider.

E. Anesthesia shall only be administered by:

1. a qualified anesthesiologist;

2. a doctor of medicine or osteopathy (other than an anesthesiologist);

3. a dentist, oral surgeon, or podiatrist who is qualified to administer anesthesia under state law or regulation;

4. a certified registered nurse anesthetist (CRNA) acting within his/her scope of practice and as authorized by the governing body;

5. a physician assistant acting within his/her scope of practice and as authorized by the governing body;

6. a certified nurse-midwife acting within his/her scope of practice and as authorized by the governing body;

7. a certified registered nurse practitioner acting within his/her scope of practice and as authorized by the governing body.

4.6.21Obstetric Service

A. Hospitals with an obstetric service shall provide adequate and comprehensive care to mothers and their newborn infants in an environment which provides protection from infection and cross-infection.

B. Written policies and procedures shall be developed to cover alternative use of obstetrical beds. These may include, but need not be restricted to patients undergoing "clean" gynecologic surgery.

C. The obstetric unit shall be under the general supervision of a registered nurse with training and experience in obstetric nursing.

D. The practice of midwifery shall be governed by the statutory and regulatory provisions of "Rules and Regulations for Licensing of Midwives;" all policies, procedures and protocols shall be approved by the medical staff and the governing body.

E. Hospitals with an obstetric service shall have no less than the following supportive services available on a twenty-four (24) hour basis:

1. diagnostic x-ray;

2. blood or blood component transfusion service;

3. clinical laboratory; and

4. anesthesia service in accordance with §4.6.20 of this Part.

F. Satisfactory provisions shall be made for the care of patients in labor in adequately equipped labor rooms, conveniently located to the delivery room.

G. The delivery room(s) shall be of sufficient number and size to accommodate expected case load, personnel and equipment.

H. The delivery room shall meet applicable codes and regulations §§4.8.1 through 4.8.2 of this Part.

I. Hospitals performing both surgery and obstetric services shall maintain individually identified surgical and obstetric suites. Shared overflow facilities may be considered under special circumstances with advance approval of the licensing agency.

J. Provisions shall be made within the delivery area for the immediate care of emergencies with all necessary emergency equipment available.

K. An acceptable method and procedure shall be established for the positive associative identification of mother and child in the delivery room.

L. Facilities shall be available and policies and procedures established for maternity patients requiring isolation in accordance with §4.7.2 of this Part.

M. A medical record shall be maintained for each mother and newborn and the applicable standards of Standards for Obstetric-Gynecological Services, incorporated above at § 4.2(A)(22) of this Part, shall serve as guidelines in determining minimum content.

1. A record of any prenatal care rendered shall be on file at the hospital and become part of the patient's medical record.

N. Where not otherwise covered in these regulations, the standards of Standards for Obstetric-Gynecological Services, incorporated above at § 4.2(A)(22) of this Part, shall serve as a guide in defining adequacy of the practices, facilities and equipment in the obstetric unit.

O. A policy and procedure manual shall be established which contains guidelines specifically related to the administration and management of clinical services pertaining to no less than the following:

1. definition of the limits of practice and services provided;

2. a signed informed consent which attests to the patient's full awareness of the type of services provided, and the hospital's recognition of parental choice for specific care services, except in emergency situations and provisions required by law;

3. the orientation and childbirth education program for expectant mothers;

4. plan of care to be developed by staff with the participation of the patient; such plan shall be mutually acceptable to the patient and staff but must include those provisions required by law. Furthermore, the plan shall identify parental choices pertaining to such services as the use of anesthesia; breast-feeding; circumcision of newborn male; and need for postpartum supportive services;

5. medical consultation (pediatric, OB/GYN or other);

6. the use of controlled substances;

7. accessibility to diagnostic services including laboratory, sonography, medical imaging, electronic monitoring, intensive care;

8. permitting the attendance of partners and/or family members during labor and delivery;

9. postpartum care based on acceptable standards for follow-up and evaluation after discharge which includes no less than:

a. provisions for the immediate postpartum care and assessment of newborn; eye prophylaxis to newborn; Rhogam test; metabolic screening and other tests for the newborn as may be required by law; postpartum examination; assessment of mother-child relationship including breast-feeding; follow-up care and family planning; preparation and submission of birth certificates; instruction in child care; immunizations and such other intrapartum and postpartum care as may be appropriate; and

10. such other as may be deemed necessary and appropriate.

P. Mothers may be discharged only if prenatal, perinatal and infant risk factors have been identified and documented according to the perinatal screening protocol of the Department (see § 4.10 of this Part) and the discharge plan includes confirmed arrangements for appropriate home and community follow-up services to address those risks. (See also §§4.6.22(G), (H), (J) and (N) of this Part).

4.6.22Newborn Service

A. Hospitals with a newborn service shall have a registered nurse with experience in the care of the newborn and shall be responsible for the nursing care of newborn infants. The appropriate nursing personnel shall be present in the nursery at all times.

B. Access to the nursery shall be limited to parents and personnel who are immediately concerned with the care of the newborn and the nursery environment and who are free of communicable infections.

C. The nursery shall be located and arranged to provide complete protection of newborn infants from infection and cross-infection and nursery accommodations shall include but shall not be limited to:

1. A regular nursery for the care of healthy infants, excluding:

a. infants with transmissible disease;

b. infants born to a mother who is a carrier or is infected by transmissible disease;

c. infants born outside the hospital or readmitted with suspected transmissible disease;

d. infants who are exposed to or have been infected; and

e. other infants excluded by the medical staff.

2. An isolation facility for the care of newborn infants with a suspected or confirmed diagnosis of infection.

3. A premature nursery for the care of premature infants or other high risk and seriously ill infants with non-infectious conditions. Vigorous healthy premature infants may be cared for in their own protected environment, such as in a standard incubator in the regular nursery.

D. A defined policy for the care of infants born outside the hospital, for infants born of a mother who has had no prenatal care, or for infants suspected of harboring an infectious disease.

E. The ventilation system shall maintain positive pressure in the nursery and shall be installed in accordance with section 7.31 of Guidelines for Design and Construction of Hospital and Health Care Facilities, incorporated above at § 4.2(A)(10) of this Part.

F. Prophylactic treatment to the eyes of newborn infants shall be administered in accordance with R.I. Gen. Laws § 23-13-4.

G. The physician attending a newborn child shall cause said child to be subject to the tests listed in the Rules and Regulations Pertaining to the Newborn Metabolic, Endocrine, and Hemoglobinopathy Screening Program (Part 20-05-1 of this Title).

H. An adequate record of the pertinent facts of the gestation and immediate neonatal period shall accompany the infant to the nursery and become part of the infant's medical record and may be used to assist in conducting risk assessments for discharge planning and public health services.

I. Where otherwise not covered in these regulations, the standards of Standards and Recommendations for Hospital Care of Newborn Infants, incorporated above at § 4.2(A)(20) of this Part, shall serve as a guide in defining the adequacy of facilities, equipment, furnishings and practices in the newborn nursery and formula room.

J. Hospital staff shall develop a multidisciplinary discharge plan for any drug exposed baby, pursuant to R.I. Gen. Laws § 42-72-5.

K. Infants may be discharged only if prenatal, perinatal and infant risk factors have been identified and documented according to the perinatal screening protocol of the Department (see § 4.10 of this Part) and the discharge plan includes confirmed arrangements for appropriate home and community follow-up services to address those risks. (See also §§4.6.22(G), (H), (J) and (N) of this Part.)

L. Each hospital that provides newborn/obstetrical services shall report to the Department the following data for each fiscal year:

1. the number of births;

2. the number of very low birth weight neonates (501 -1500 grams);

3. the number of low birth weight neonates (1501 - 2500 grams);

4. neonatal mortality rates by birth weight class;

5. admissions and transfers to neonatal intensive care units.

M. Each hospital that provides newborn/obstetrical services shall maintain records of morbidity rates of neonates for nosocomial infections, necrotizing enterocolitis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and intraventricular hemorrhage.

N. Each hospital that provides newborn/obstetrical services shall report annually to the Department its survival rates for the hospital fiscal year as compared with the most recent rates reported by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Network and the morbidity rates specified in §4.6.22(M) of this Part. If the survival rate for the hospital's newborn unit is lower than the survival rates reported by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Network by more than twenty-five percent (25%), the newborn unit shall file a written plan with the Department for the identification of the cause(s) of excess mortality and a plan for correction, if indicated.

4.6.23Birth Center Service

A. Hospitals with an obstetric service may elect to have a birth center service as defined in § 4.3 of this Part. An organizational structure for such service shall be designed in accordance with §4.5.6 of this Part.

B. The birth center service shall be under the direction of a medical director who is a board certified obstetrician/gynecologist, with full obstetrical privileges, and who shall be responsible for all the clinical and medical matters pertaining to the management of pregnancy, birth, postpartum, newborn and gynecological health care of low-risk women, including the approval of written policies and procedures and protocols for midwifery care management where appropriate and applicable.

1. "Low-Risk" refers to expected normal, uncomplicated prenatal course, assisted by adequate prenatal care and prospects for a normal uncomplicated birth based on continual screening for high risk factors which would preclude admission to the center, or require referral and/or transfer from the center in accordance with the transfer policies pursuant to §4.6.1(A)(6) of this Part.

C. A midwife licensed in this state or a physician with obstetric privileges may be designated to direct the administrative operation of the center and the management of clinical services.

D. An appropriate number of qualified professionals and ancillary personnel shall be assigned to the birth center service. Two (2) staff members shall be in attendance at each birth, one of the two shall be a physician with hospital obstetric privileges or a midwife with delivery privileges and licensed in this state. The other member may be a licensed midwife with delivery privileges, an obstetric physician, or licensed physician assistant with training and experience in obstetric care and resuscitation of the newborn, or a licensed nurse with training and experience in obstetric care and resuscitation of the newborn.

1. The practice of midwifery shall be governed by the statutory and regulatory provisions of "Rules and Regulations for Licensing of Midwives;" all policies, procedures and protocols shall be approved by the medical director and the governing body.

2. There shall be on the premises at all times, when a woman is in labor, a staff person who holds a current certificate in cardiopulmonary resuscitation from a recognized program such as the American Heart Association.

3. Whenever one or more women in labor are on the premises, there shall be one staff member in excess to the number of women in labor.

E. A policy and procedure manual shall be established which contains guidelines specifically related to the administration and management of clinical services pertaining to no less than the following:

1. definition of the limits of practice and services provided;

2. the criteria for the selection of clients based on established medical and social risk factors associated with possible poor outcomes and utilizing as guidelines no less than the risk factors of "Rules and Regulations for Licensing Birth Centers," which would preclude admission to the center;

3. the criteria for the referral and/or transfer of clients and/or newborn utilizing as guidelines the high risk factors of "Rules and Regulations for Licensing Birth Centers;"

4. a signed informed consent which attests to the client's full awareness of the type of services provided at the birth center, and the birth center's recognition of parental choice for specific care services, except in emergency situations and provisions required by law;

5. the orientation and childbirth education program for expectant mothers, based on the provisions of "Rules and Regulations for Licensing Birth Centers;"

6. plan of care to be developed by staff with the participation of the client; such plan shall be mutually acceptable to the client and staff but must include those provisions required by law. Furthermore, the plan shall identify parental choices pertaining to such services as the use of anesthesia in accordance with "Rules and Regulations for Licensing Birth Centers;" breast-feeding, circumcision of newborn male, and need for postpartum supportive services. Such plan shall be based on the provisions of "Rules and Regulations for Licensing Birth Centers;"

7. prenatal care to be provided either directly at the birth center or in another setting as approved by the medical director and the governing body; and provided, the professional staff providing the prenatal care meets the staff requirements of these regulations, and policies are established by the medical director governing the prenatal care practices and admission criteria of a woman in active labor, which are consistent with the birth center services practice;

8. medical consultation (pediatric, OB/GYN or other);

9. the use of controlled substance;

10. the use of anesthesia in accordance with "Rules and Regulations for Licensing Birth Centers;"

11. accessibility to diagnostic services including laboratory, sonography, medical imaging, electronic monitoring, intensive care;

12. labor and delivery (including provisions pertaining to §4.4.4(A)(1) of this Part);

13. permitting the attendance of partners and/or family members during labor and delivery;

14. the provision of services on a twenty-four (24) hour basis;

15. postpartum care based on acceptable standards for follow-up programs of care and postpartum evaluation after discharge which includes no less than:

a. discharge of mother and newborn generally within twenty-four (24) hours after birth;

b. accessibility by telephone, twenty-four (24) hours a day of center's physician, midwife or nurse to assist mothers in case of need during postpartum period;

c. home visitation within twenty-four (24) hours of discharge by a member of the center's professional staff to insure continuity of care and assessment of mother and newborn;

d. provisions for the immediate postpartum care and assessment of newborn; eye prophylaxis to newborn; Rhogam test; metabolic screening and other tests for the newborn as may be required by law; postpartum examination; assessment of mother-child relationship including breast-feeding; follow-up care and family planning; preparation and submission of birth certificates; instruction in child care; immunizations and such other intrapartum and postpartum care as may be appropriate; and

16. such other as may be deemed necessary and appropriate.

F. A mechanism shall be established for the systematic review of professional and administrative services and the quality improvement program.

G. A clinical record shall be maintained for every client and newborn in accordance with the appropriate provisions of §4.6.10 of this Part.

H. Food Services

Provisions shall be made for the availability of appropriate nourishments and light snacks for clients and family members.

I. Physical Setting and Equipment

Birth center service shall be provided in a home-like environment, designated and equipped to protect the health and safety of clients and personnel, and to facilitate emergency exit for the transfer of mothers and/or newborns in the event of emergency.

1. Reception areas, examination room, family rooms and other supportive areas shall be provided and designed to give privacy and comfort to clients and their families.

2. The birth room shall be spacious enough to accommodate staff to move freely and to include at least:

a. a large bed or double bed;

b. chairs (lounge and straight-back);

c. a bassinet;

d. space for birth room supplies and equipment and family belongings; and

e. access to a sink with hot and cold running water with elbow-wrist controls.

3. Acceptable toilet facilities shall be available to each laboring woman and adequate shower facilities shall also be available.

4. Provisions shall be made for areas such as medication and storage areas, utility areas and such others as may be necessary.

5. Equipment in the birth center shall be limited to those items needed to provide low risk maternity care and shall include equipment to initiate emergency procedures in life threatening events to mothers and newborns. Such equipment shall include:

a. oxygen and positive pressure masks;

b. delee trap suction and infant laryngoscope and airways;

c. IV equipment;

d. blood expanders;

e. medications identified in protocols for emergency needs; and

f. infant transport equipment and infant warmers.

J. Mothers and infants may be discharged only if prenatal, perinatal and infant risk factors have been identified and documented according to the perinatal screening protocol of the Department (see § 4.10 of this Part) and the discharge plan includes confirmed arrangements for appropriate home and community follow-up services to address those risks. (See also §§4.6.22(G), (H), (J) and (N) of this Part.)

4.6.24Tertiary Care Services: Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs)

A. Approval to Operate a NICU and General Requirements

1. In order to use the designation "neonatal intensive care unit" or "NICU", a hospital shall obtain approval from the Department's Center for Health Facility Regulations. Said approval shall be issued by the Department if the NICU meets the requirements defined in these regulations.

a. Each hospital shall renew this NICU designation annually.

2. Upon satisfactory review of all requested documentation and upon the determination that the hospital has achieved the volume/quality standards described in these regulations, the Department shall approve the hospital's designation as a NICU.

3. A hospital that has not received approval by the Department under this section shall not use the designation "neonatal intensive care unit" or "NICU" or any substantially similar phrase to describe any such services provided and shall not provide neonatal intensive care unit services.

4. A hospital that operates a neonatal intensive care unit approved by the Department shall maintain capabilities and provide services that include, but are not limited to, those capabilities and services described in §§4.6.24(D), (E), and (F) of this Part. A hospital that operates a neonatal intensive care unit approved by the Department shall upgrade its capabilities and services as needed to meet the recommendations of the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.

5. A hospital that operates a NICU and determines that the NICU no longer meets minimum standards of these regulations shall notify the Department of Health and file a plan of correction within fifteen (15) days of such determination by a hospital. The plan of correction shall be subject to §4.9.3 of this Part.

6. A NICU shall provide consultation, transportation, and professional educational offerings to staff of other obstetrical facilities in the state.

7. A hospital that operates a neonatal intensive care unit approved by the Department shall have written protocols in place that incorporate the following components:

a. continuous involvement of parents in an infant's care to maximize pre-discharge education regarding care of the infant;

b. nursing orientation and ongoing inservice education in the theory and skills necessary to function in a neonatal intensive care unit environment;

c. emergency transport of infants to the neonatal intensive care unit from other facilities;

d. administration, credentialing of staff, and staffing patterns of the neonatal intensive care unit.

B. Minimum Standards: Volume

1. An existing neonatal intensive care unit shall maintain an average daily census of at least fifteen (15) neonates.

2. As part of the approval process for a new (or proposed) neonatal intensive care unit, the hospital shall provide data to the Department demonstrating a reasonable expectation of referrals of high risk maternity patients so that an average daily census of at least fifteen (15) neonates is achievable within two (2) years of its opening date.

3. As part of the approval process for a new (or proposed) neonatal intensive care unit, the hospital shall also provide any available data to the Department regarding whether the addition of the proposed neonatal intensive care unit is likely to result in the average daily census falling below fifteen (15) neonates at any existing neonatal intensive care unit(s) in the state. If this outcome is likely, the proposal shall describe how the overall quality of care for all very low birth weight neonates in the state will be improved with the addition of the proposed unit.

C. Minimum Standards: Survival Rates

1. Each hospital that has an approved neonatal intensive care unit shall maintain a record of the neonatal survival rate (i.e., the rate at twenty-eight [28] days after delivery) and survival rate at discharge for very low birth weight neonates by 250 gram weight groups (i.e., 501 - 750 grams, 751 - 1000 grams, 1001 - 1250 grams, 1251 - 1500 grams).

2. Each hospital shall maintain records of morbidity rates of neonates for nosocomial infections, necrotizing enterocolitis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and intraventricular hemorrhage.

3. Each hospital shall report annually to the Department its survival rates for the hospital fiscal year as compared with the most recent rates reported by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Network and the morbidity rates specified in §4.6.24(C)(2) of this Part. If the survival rate for the hospital's neonatal intensive care unit is lower than the survival rates reported by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Network by more than twenty-five percent (25%), the neonatal intensive care unit shall file a written plan with the Department for the identification of the cause(s) of excess mortality and for correction of the rates.

D. Staffing Requirements

1. A hospital that operates a neonatal intensive care unit approved by the Department shall be in compliance with the following staffing requirements:

a. A board-certified neonatologist licensed in Rhode Island shall be designated as the medical director of the neonatal intensive care unit;

b. The registered nurse who has responsibility and accountability for the twenty-four (24) hour nursing management of the neonatal intensive care unit shall, at a minimum, be licensed in Rhode Island, have earned a bachelor's degree in nursing with additional education in neonatology, and have three (3) years of clinical experience, two (2) of which are in the specialty area of neonatology;

c. A registered dietitian licensed in Rhode Island with experience in neonatal nutrition shall actively participate in the management of neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit;

d. A respiratory therapist licensed in Rhode Island and trained in the neonatology specialty area shall be available to the neonatal intensive care unit twenty-four (24) hours per day.

E. Service Requirements

A hospital that operates a neonatal intensive care unit approved by the Department shall provide services that include but are not limited to the following:

1. twenty-four (24) hour emergency transport team for transferring sick newborns from the birth facility to the neonatal intensive care unit;

2. ventilatory assistance and/or complex respiratory management;

3. capability of continuous intravenous administration of vasopressor agents;

4. insertion and maintenance of all types of venous and arterial lines;

5. phototherapy;

6. exchange transfusions;

7. continuous cardiorespiratory monitoring;

8. complex nutritional and metabolic management including total parenteral nutrition;

9. extensive pediatric radiology, diagnostic imaging, and subspecialty services;

10. full range of laboratory services including microchemistry available on a twenty-four (24) hour basis;

11. pharmacy services experienced in neonatal medications and dosage;

12. surgical therapies and post-surgical care for the neonate;

13. access to pediatric subspecialty consultation;

14. availability of developmental consultation;

15. organized interdisciplinary process for continuous quality monitoring;

16. crisis-oriented support and ongoing psychosocial services, including social work services and the availability of psychiatric consultation for the parents of the neonate.

F. Equipment Requirements

A hospital that operates a neonatal intensive care unit approved by the Department shall maintain equipment in good working order that includes but is not limited to the following:

1. incubators;

2. cardiorespiratory monitors with high/low alarm and oximeters;

3. warming tables;

4. infusion pumps;

5. oxygen humidification and warming systems;

6. oxygen analyzer;

7. transcutaneous blood gas monitors;

8. arterial and venous catheterization equipment;

9. resuscitation and other life support medications and equipment;

10. ventilators with heated humidity and alarm systems;

11. transducers for invasive cardiac monitoring;

12. transport incubators.

G. Penalties for Noncompliance

The penalties for violations of the standards set forth in §4.6.24 of this Part shall be in accordance with those set forth in R.I. Gen. Laws Chapter 23-17 and §4.4.6 of this Part. Failure to maintain the minimal neonatal intensive care unit standards set forth in these regulations may result in the revocation or suspension of the hospital's neonatal intensive care unit designation and/or cessation of its activities. A hospital shall post notices for patients and shall notify physicians if its designation as an approved neonatal intensive care unit has been revoked or suspended.

4.6.25Tertiary Care Services: Primary and/or Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Programs

A. Approval to Operate a Primary and/or Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Program and General Requirements

1. In order to use the designation "primary percutaneous coronary intervention program" and/or "elective percutaneous coronary intervention program," a hospital shall obtain approval from the Department's Center for Health Facility Regulations. Said approval shall be issued by the Department if the primary and/or elective percutaneous coronary intervention program meets the requirements defined in these regulations.

a. Each hospital shall renew primary and/or elective percutaneous coronary intervention program designation annually.

2. Upon satisfactory review of all requested documentation and upon the determination that the hospital has achieved the volume/quality standards described in these regulations, the Department shall approve the hospital's designation as a primary and/or elective percutaneous coronary intervention program.

3. A hospital that has not received approval by the Department under this section shall not use the designation "primary percutaneous coronary intervention program," or "elective percutaneous coronary intervention program," or any substantially similar phrase, to describe any such services provided and shall not perform primary and/or elective percutaneous coronary interventions.

4. A hospital that operates a primary and/or elective percutaneous coronary intervention program approved by the Department shall maintain capabilities and provide services that include, but are not limited to, those capabilities and services described in §§4.6.25(D), (E), (F) of this Part. A hospital that operates a primary and/or elective percutaneous coronary intervention program approved by the Department shall maintain its capabilities and services as needed to meet the recommendations of the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association.

5. A hospital that operates a primary and/or elective percutaneous coronary intervention program and determines that primary and/or elective percutaneous coronary intervention program no longer meets minimum standards of these regulations shall notify the Department of Health and file a plan of correction within fifteen (15) days of such determination by a hospital. The plan of correction shall be subject to the provisions of §4.9.3 of this Part.

6. A hospital that operates an approved elective percutaneous coronary intervention program shall have an approved primary percutaneous coronary intervention program available on-site.

B. Minimum Standards: Volume

1. An existing primary percutaneous coronary intervention program shall maintain an annual minimum volume of at least thirty-six (36) primary percutaneous coronary intervention procedures.

2. An existing elective percutaneous coronary intervention program shall maintain an annual minimum volume of at least two hundred (200) percutaneous coronary intervention procedures.

3. As part of the approval process for a new (or proposed) primary percutaneous coronary intervention program, the hospital shall provide data to the Department demonstrating a reasonable expectation of attaining and maintaining a minimum volume of thirty-six (36) primary percutaneous coronary intervention procedures per year within one (1) year of its opening date.

4. As part of the approval process for a new (or proposed) elective percutaneous coronary intervention program, the hospital shall provide data to the Department demonstrating a reasonable expectation of attaining and maintaining a minimum volume of two hundred (200) elective angioplasty procedures per year within two (2) years of its opening date.

5. As part of the approval process for a new (or proposed) primary percutaneous coronary intervention program, the hospital shall also provide any available data to the Department regarding whether the addition of the proposed primary coronary angioplasty program is likely to result in the annual volume of procedures performed by existing primary percutaneous coronary intervention programs falling below thirty-six (36) primary percutaneous coronary intervention procedures per year. If this outcome is likely, the proposal shall describe how the overall quality of care for all primary percutaneous coronary intervention patients in the state will be improved with the addition of the proposed program.

6. As part of the approval process for a new (or proposed) elective percutaneous coronary intervention program, the hospital shall also provide any available data to the Department regarding whether the addition of the proposed elective percutaneous coronary intervention program is likely to result in the annual volume of procedures performed by existing elective percutaneous coronary intervention programs falling below two hundred (200) percutaneous coronary intervention procedures per year. If this outcome is likely, the proposal shall describe how the overall quality of care for all elective percutaneous coronary intervention patients in the state will be improved with the addition of the proposed program.

C. Minimum Standards: Survival Rates and Door-to-Balloon Times

1. Each hospital that has an approved primary and/or elective percutaneous coronary intervention program shall maintain a record of the inhospital mortality rate and emergency coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) rate (i.e., bypass operation during the same hospital stay) for patients having percutaneous coronary intervention procedures.

2. Each hospital that has an approved primary and/or elective percutaneous coronary intervention program shall participate in a nationally recognized database acceptable to the Director. To the extent possible, risk adjusted rates, based on data from nationally recognized databases and methods acceptable to the Director, shall be used.

3. Each hospital that has an approved primary percutaneous coronary intervention program shall maintain a record of door-to-balloon times for each patient.

4. Each hospital shall report the following data to the Department annually:

a. the emergency coronary artery bypass (CABG) rate for patients having percutaneous coronary intervention;

b. the hospital's risk-adjusted PCI mortality rate, based on a nationally recognized database and methods acceptable to the Director;

c. the 95% confidence interval around the hospital's PCI mortality rate;

d. the national average PCI mortality rate from the national PCI database in which the hospital participates; and

e. the 95% confidence interval around the national PCI mortality rate. If the hospital's annual risk-adjusted PCI mortality rate is statistically significantly higher than the national rate at the 95% level of confidence, then the hospital shall file a corrective action plan.

D. Staffing Requirements

A hospital that operates a primary and/or elective percutaneous coronary intervention program approved by the Department shall be in compliance with the following staffing requirements:

1. A board-certified cardiologist licensed in Rhode Island shall be designated as the director of the cardiac catheterization laboratory that includes the primary and/or elective percutaneous coronary intervention program.

2. Physicians doing primary and/or elective percutaneous coronary intervention procedures shall have training in adult or pediatric interventional cardiology,

3. Each hospital that has an approved primary and/or elective percutaneous coronary intervention program shall have a written procedure for granting and renewing privileges for physician-operators that specifies the required training, experience, board certification, annual volume of procedures, and other factors which will indicate acceptable proficiency.

4. The hospital shall monitor annual procedural volume, complication rates, emergency CABG rates, and inhospital mortality for each operator.

a. For the purpose of counting procedures, an interventional procedure is defined as a single session with a patient in the procedure room, irrespective of how many or what types of interventions are performed during the session. Only one physician may claim credit for a particular procedure. A physician-operator who claims credit for a procedure is the physician in charge of it. In a teaching program, the trainee will take an active role in the procedure under the direction of the supervising physician, who is responsible. The attending physician who takes primary responsibility for the procedure shall be credited with performing it.

5. The nursing supervisor shall be a registered nurse licensed in Rhode Island familiar with the overall function of the cardiac catheterization laboratory with critical care experience, knowledge of cardiovascular medications, ability to start intravenous solutions, and experience in operating room techniques.

6. At least one (1) technologist, who may or may not be a certified radiological technologist, shall be skilled in radiographic and angiographic imaging principles and techniques.

7. Physicians performing primary percutaneous coronary intervention procedures shall have an annual minimum volume of at least seventy-five (75) percutaneous coronary intervention procedures of which at least eleven (11) are primary percutaneous coronary intervention procedures across all hospitals where he/she practices and has privileges.

8. Physicians performing elective percutaneous coronary intervention procedures shall have an annual minimum volume of at least seventy-five (75) percutaneous coronary intervention procedures across all hospitals where he/she practices and has privileges.

E. Service Requirements for Primary and/or Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Programs Without On-Site Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery Program

1. A hospital that operates an approved primary and/or elective percutaneous coronary intervention program without on-site coronary artery bypass graft surgery program shall establish a memorandum of understanding, acceptable to the Director, with a hospital that has an on-site coronary artery bypass graft surgery program for transfer of patients requiring emergency cardiac surgery.

2. A hospital that operates an approved primary and/or elective percutaneous coronary intervention program without on-site coronary artery bypass graft surgery program shall develop rapid transfer protocols, acceptable to the Director, with the area emergency medical services provider for transfer of patients requiring emergency cardiac surgery.

F. Equipment Requirements

A hospital that operates a primary and/or elective percutaneous coronary intervention program approved by the Department shall have a catheterization laboratory that shall have proper equipment that is appropriate for the types of procedures performed in the laboratory and is in accordance with the guidelines issued periodically by the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association.

G. Quality of Care

1. The primary and/or elective percutaneous coronary intervention program shall have regular, frequent, and formal review in a multidisciplinary conference of all deaths and major complications.

2. The primary and/or elective percutaneous coronary intervention program shall maintain a database, acceptable to the Director, that collects and analyzes patient data sufficient to analyze utilization and outcome data and to determine the reasons for substantial deviations from the average utilizations and outcomes reported by nationally recognized databases.

H. Reporting Requirements

Each hospital with an approved primary and/or elective percutaneous coronary intervention program shall report to the Department for each hospital calendar year:

1. the number of primary and/or elective percutaneous coronary intervention procedures;

2. the number of primary and/or elective percutaneous coronary intervention by primary operator and the number of transfers from another hospital;

3. the number of emergency coronary artery bypass graft surgeries in the same hospital stay following primary and/or elective percutaneous coronary intervention procedures;

4. the number of transfers to another hospital for emergency coronary artery bypass graft surgeries following a primary and/or elective percutaneous coronary intervention;

5. the inhospital mortality rate for primary and/or elective percutaneous coronary intervention patients;

6. the number of primary and/or elective percutaneous coronary intervention procedures by indication for performing the procedure;

7. the door-to-balloon times for primary percutaneous coronary intervention procedures; and

8. such other data as specified by the Director.

I. Penalties for Noncompliance

The penalties for violations of the standards set forth in §4.6.25 of this Part shall be in accordance with those set forth in R.I. Gen. Laws Chapter 23-17, and §4.4.6 of this Part. Failure to maintain the minimal primary and/or elective percutaneous coronary intervention program standards set forth in these regulations may result in the revocation or suspension of the hospital's primary and/or elective percutaneous coronary intervention program designation and/or cessation of its activities. A hospital shall post notices for patients and notify physicians if its designation as an approved primary and/or elective percutaneous coronary intervention program has been revoked or suspended.

4.6.26Tertiary Care Services: Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgical Programs

A. Approval to Operate a Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgical Program and General Requirements

1. In order to use the designation "coronary artery bypass graft surgical program," a hospital shall obtain approval from the Department's Center for Health Facility Regulations. Said approval shall be issued by the Department if the coronary artery bypass graft surgical program meets the requirements defined in these regulations.

a. Each hospital shall renew this coronary artery bypass graft surgical program designation annually.

2. Upon satisfactory review of all requested documentation and upon the determination that the hospital has achieved the volume/quality standards described in these regulations, the Department shall approve the hospital's designation as a coronary artery bypass graft surgical program.

3. A hospital that has not received approval by the Department under this section shall not use the designation "coronary artery bypass graft surgical program", or any substantially similar phrase, to describe any such services provided and shall not perform coronary artery bypass graft surgeries.

4. A hospital that operates a coronary artery bypass graft surgical program approved by the Department shall maintain capabilities and provide services that include, but are not limited to, those capabilities and services described in §§4.6.26(D), (E) and (F) of this Part. A hospital that operates a coronary artery bypass graft surgical program approved by the Department shall maintain its capabilities and services as needed to meet the recommendations of the Society of Thoracic Surgery, American College of Cardiology, and the American Heart Association.

5. A hospital that operates a coronary artery bypass graft surgical program and determines the that coronary artery bypass graft surgical program no longer meets minimum standards in these regulations shall notify the Department and file a plan of correction within fifteen (15) days of such determination by a hospital. The plan of correction shall be subject to the provisions of §4.9.3 of this Part.

B. Minimum Standards: Volume

1. An existing coronary artery bypass graft surgical program shall maintain an annual minimum volume of at least two hundred and fifty (250) surgical patients who require cardiopulmonary bypass capability, the majority of whom have coronary artery bypass grafts. Patients who have minimally-invasive coronary artery bypass graft operations shall be included in the counted patients.

2. As part of the approval process for a new (or proposed) coronary artery bypass graft surgical program, the hospital shall provide data to the Department demonstrating a reasonable expectation, within two (2) years of its opening date, of attaining and maintaining a minimum volume of at least two hundred and fifty (250) surgical patients per year who require the availability of cardiopulmonary bypass.

3. As part of the approval process for a new (or proposed) coronary artery bypass graft surgical program, the hospital shall also provide any available data to the Department regarding whether the addition of the proposed coronary artery bypass graft surgical program is likely to result in the annual volume of procedures performed by existing coronary artery bypass graft surgical programs falling below two hundred and fifty (250) procedures per year. If this outcome is likely, the proposal shall describe how the overall quality of care for all coronary artery bypass graft patients in the state will be improved with the addition of the proposed program.

C. Minimum Standards: Survival Rates

1. Each hospital that has an approved coronary artery bypass graft surgical program shall maintain a record of the inhospital mortality rate for patients having coronary artery bypass graft surgery and shall participate in a nationally recognized database acceptable to the Director. To the extent possible, risk adjusted rates, based upon data from nationally recognized databases and methods acceptable to the Director, shall be used.

2. Each hospital shall report the following data to the Department annually:

a. the hospital's risk-adjusted mortality rate for isolated CABG, based on a nationally recognized database and methods acceptable to the Director;

b. the 95% confidence interval around the hospital's isolated CABG mortality rate;

c. the national average isolated CABG mortality rate from the national open heart surgery database in which the hospital participates;

d. the 95% confidence interval around the national isolated CABG mortality rate.

3. If the hospital's annual risk-adjusted isolated CABG mortality rate is statistically significantly higher than the national rate at the 95% level of confidence, then the hospital shall file a plan for identification of the cause of the excess mortality and a plan for correction, in accordance with the requirements set forth in §4.9.3 of this Part.

D. Staffing Requirements

A hospital that operates a coronary artery bypass graft surgical program approved by the Department shall be in compliance with the following staffing requirements:

1. A cardiac surgeon certified by the American Board of Thoracic Surgery or equivalent certifying body shall be designated as director of the coronary artery bypass graft surgical program.

2. A hospital coronary artery bypass graft surgical program should have a minimum of two (2) qualified cardiac surgeons.

3. Each hospital that has an approved coronary artery bypass graft surgical program shall have a written procedure for granting and renewing privileges for surgeons that specifies the required training, experience, board certification, annual volume of open heart procedures, and other factors that will indicate acceptable proficiency. The hospital shall monitor annual procedural volume, complication rates, and inhospital mortality for each surgeon.

4. Other specially trained physicians assisting the cardiac surgeon shall be cardiac surgical assistants, cardiac anesthesiologists, cardiologists, and other qualified consultants.

5. Nursing personnel shall include surgical nurses specially trained in cardiac surgical nursing, cardiac surgery intensive care nursing, and cardiac nurse educators.

6. Perfusionists shall be trained in the preparation, maintenance, and operation of pump-oxygenators and related equipment during open heart surgery and shall be knowledgeable about red blood cell-saving procedures and circulatory assist devices. The perfusionist shall work under the direction of the cardiac surgeon or the cardiac anesthesiologist or both.

7. Other personnel required shall be a full complement of hospital professionals including pharmacists, dietitians, respiratory therapists, social workers and physical therapists with cardiac rehabilitation skills.

E. Service Requirements

Coronary angiography of diagnostic quality shall be available. Facilities that treat pediatric patients shall provide for biplane angiography.

F. Equipment Requirements

1. The cardiac operating room shall be a room with requisite space and equipment for open heart surgery. It shall have adequate electrical grounding, oxygen and vacuum supply, proper illumination, and capability of supporting the technical equipment used in cardiopulmonary bypass, including the pump-oxygenators, heat exchange equipment, cell saver, anesthetic apparatus and assist devices.

2. The cardiac intensive care units shall be operated under the direction of a qualified physician and have a unit nurse director. It shall have typical intensive care capabilities including continuous electrocardiographic and hemodynamic monitoring and recording and equipment and personnel for full ventilatory support. The space shall accommodate multiple life support systems, such as intraaortic balloon pumps, ventricular and total circulatory assist devices, and hemodialysis machines. Portable chest x-rays should be available twenty-four (24) hours per day. The unit shall be able to obtain immediate reports on blood gas analysis, serum electrolyte measurements, and certain other lab tests. The number of beds shall be one-half (1/2) the number of open heart operations performed each week.

G. Quality of Care

1. The cardiac surgery program shall have regular, frequent, and formal review in a multidisciplinary conference of all deaths and major complications.

2. The cardiac surgery program shall maintain a registry, acceptable to the Director, that collects and analyzes patient data sufficient to analyze utilization and outcome data and to determine the reasons for substantial deviations from the average utilizations and outcomes reported by nationally recognized databases. The database shall be sufficient to perform adequate risk stratification.

H. Reporting Requirements

Each hospital with an approved coronary artery bypass graft surgical program shall report to the Department for each hospital calendar year:

1. the number of surgical patients requiring cardiopulmonary bypass capability;

2. the number of coronary artery bypass graft surgeries by principal surgeon;

3. the number of emergency coronary artery bypass graft surgeries in the same hospital stay following percutaneous coronary intervention;

4. the inhospital mortality rate for coronary artery bypass graft surgical patients;

5. the number of coronary artery bypass graft operations by indication for performing the surgery; and

6. such other data as specified by the Director.

I. Penalties for Noncompliance

The penalties for violations of the standards set forth in §4.6.26 of this Part shall be in accordance with those set forth in R.I. Gen. Laws Chapter 23-17 and §4.4.6 of this Part. Failure to maintain the minimal coronary artery bypass graft surgical program standards set forth in these regulations may result in the revocation or suspension of the hospital's coronary artery bypass graft surgical program designation and/or cessation of its activities. A hospital shall post notices for patients and shall notify physicians if its designation as an approved coronary artery bypass graft surgical program has been revoked or suspended.

4.6.27Tertiary Care Services: Heart and/or Liver Transplant Programs

A. Approval to Operate a Heart and/or Liver Transplant Program and General Requirements

1. In order to use the designation "heart transplant program" or "liver transplant program", a hospital shall obtain approval from the Department's Center for Health Facility Regulations. Said approval shall be issued by the Department if the heart and/or liver transplant program meets the requirements defined in these regulations.

a. Each hospital shall renew this heart and/or liver transplant program designation annually.

2. Upon satisfactory review of all requested documentation and upon the determination that the hospital has achieved the volume/quality standards described in these regulations, the Department shall approve the hospital's designation as a heart and/or liver transplant program.

3. A hospital that has not received approval by the Department under this section shall not use the designation "heart transplant program" or "liver transplant program", or any substantially similar phrase, to describe any such services provided and shall not perform heart and/or liver transplant procedures.

4. A hospital that operates a heart and/or liver transplant program approved by the Department shall maintain capabilities and provide services in accordance with the requirements described in these regulations.

5. A hospital that operates a heart and/or liver transplant program approved by the Department shall maintain its membership in good standing with the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS).

6. A hospital that operates a heart and/or liver transplant program shall perform mandatory HIV testing, and counseling, as appropriate, in accordance with the regulations for Reporting and Testing of Infectious, Environmental and Occupational Diseases (Part 30-05-1 of this Title) and "Guidelines for Preventing Transmission of HIV through Transplantation of Human Tissue and Organs," incorporated above at § 4.2(A)(18) of this Part, for the prevention of HIV transmission.

7. A hospital that operates a heart and/or liver transplant program and determines that the heart and/or liver transplant program no longer meets minimum standards in these regulations shall notify the Department of Health and file a plan of correction within fifteen (15) days of such determination by a hospital. The plan of correction shall be subject to the provisions of §4.9.3 of this Part.

B. Minimum Standards: Volume

1. A new or proposed heart transplant program shall provide data showing a reasonable expectation of attaining and maintaining a minimum volume of nine (9) transplant procedures per year within two (2) years of its opening. If a second or subsequent program is proposed, it shall also report whether the addition of the new heart transplant program is likely to result in the annual volume of procedures performed by existing heart transplant programs falling below nine (9) heart transplants per year. If this outcome is likely, it will explain how the overall quality of care for all heart transplant patients in the state will be improved by the addition of the proposed program.

2. A new or proposed liver transplant program shall provide data showing a reasonable expectation of attaining and maintaining a minimum volume of twenty (20) transplant procedures per year within two (2) years of its opening. If a second or subsequent program is proposed, it shall also report whether the addition of the new liver transplant program is likely to result in the annual volume of procedures performed by existing liver transplant programs falling below twenty (20) liver transplants per year. If this outcome is likely, it will explain how the overall quality of care for all liver transplant patients in the state will be improved by the addition of the proposed program.

C. Minimum Standards: Survival Rates

1. Each hospital that has a heart transplant program shall maintain a record of the rates of mortality at three (3) months, one (1) year and three (3) years. Risk-adjusted rates, based on data from the UNOS database and methods acceptable to the Director of Health, shall be used. If patient or graft outcomes decline to a level mandating UNOS review, then the hospital shall notify the Department of Health and file a plan of correction.

2. Each hospital that has a liver transplant program shall maintain a record of the rates of mortality at three (3) months, one (1) year and three (3) years. Risk-adjusted rates, based on data from the UNOS database and methods acceptable to the Director of Health, shall be used. If patient or graft outcomes decline to a level mandating UNOS review, then the hospital shall notify the Department of Health and file a plan of correction.

D. Quality of Care

1. Each hospital that has a heart transplant program and/or a liver transplant program shall become a member of the UNOS and shall maintain its membership in good standing. The program shall follow the procedures designated by the current bylaws of UNOS ("Bylaws," incorporated above at § 4.2(A)(9) of this Part).

2. The personnel and facilities used by the transplant program shall conform to the bylaws of UNOS for heart transplantation and/or for liver transplantation, as appropriate.

3. The program shall document its acceptance as a member of UNOS before commencing transplantation and shall inform the Department immediately in writing if it has been notified by UNOS that the program is in jeopardy of becoming a member not in good standing.

E. Reporting Requirements

Each hospital that provides heart transplantation and/or liver transplantation services shall report to the Department for each hospital fiscal year:

1. the number of heart and/or liver transplants, respectively;

2. the number of heart and/or liver transplants by principal surgeon;

3. the mortality rate for heart and/or liver patients at three (3) months, one (1) year, and three (3) years.

F. Penalties for Noncompliance

The penalties for violations of the standards set forth in §4.6.27 of this Part shall be in accordance with those set forth in R.I. Gen. Laws Chapter 23-17 and §4.4.6 of this Part. Failure to maintain the minimal heart and/or liver transplant program standards set forth in these regulations may result in the revocation or suspension of the hospital's heart and/or liver transplant program designation and/or cessation of its activities. The hospital shall post notices for patients and notify physicians if its status as an approved heart and/or liver transplant program has been revoked or suspended.

4.6.28Tertiary Care Services: Esophageal and/or Pancreatic Cancer Surgery Programs

A. Approval to Operate an Esophageal and/or Pancreatic Cancer Surgery Programs and General Requirements

1. In order to use the designation "Esophageal Cancer Surgery Program" and/or "Pancreatic Cancer Surgery Program," a hospital shall obtain approval from the Department's Center for Health Facility Regulations. Said approval shall be issued by the Department if the esophageal and/or pancreatic cancer surgery program meets the requirements defined in these regulations.

a. Within six (6) months of the effective date of these regulations, any hospital operating an esophageal and/or pancreatic cancer surgery program shall file an application with the Department for approval as a "Esophageal Cancer Surgery Program" and/or "Pancreatic Cancer Surgery Program," as applicable.

b. Each hospital shall renew this esophageal and/or pancreatic cancer surgery program designation annually.

2. Upon satisfactory review of all requested documentation and upon the determination that the hospital has achieved the volume/quality standards described in these regulations, the Department shall approve the hospital's designation as esophageal and/or pancreatic cancer surgery program.

3. A hospital that has not received approval by the Department under this section shall not use the designation "Esophageal Cancer Surgery Program" and/or "Pancreatic Cancer Surgery Program," or any substantially similar phrase, to describe any such services provided and shall not perform esophageal and/or pancreatic cancer surgery.

4. A hospital that operates an esophageal and/or pancreatic cancer surgery program approved by the Department shall maintain capabilities and provide services in accordance with the requirements described in these regulations.

5. A hospital that operates an esophageal and/or pancreatic cancer surgery program and determines that the esophageal and/or pancreatic cancer surgery program no longer meets minimum standards in these regulations shall notify the Department and file a plan of correction within fifteen (15) days of such determination by a hospital. The plan of correction shall be subject to the provisions of §4.9.3 of this Part.

B. Minimum Standards: Volume

1. An existing esophageal cancer surgery program approved by the Department shall maintain an annual minimum volume of seven (7) operations.

2. An existing pancreatic cancer surgery program approved by the Department shall maintain an annual minimum volume of eleven (11) operations.

3. Each hospital that has an approved esophageal and/or pancreatic cancer surgery program shall participate in a nationally recognized database acceptable to the Director, if such database exists. To the extent possible, risk adjusted rates, based on data from nationally recognized databases and methods acceptable to the Director, shall be used.

4. A new or proposed esophageal cancer surgery program shall provide data to the Department showing a reasonable expectation of attaining and maintaining a minimum volume of seven (7) operations per year within two (2) years of its designation. It shall also report whether the addition of the new esophageal cancer surgery program is likely to result in the annual volume of operations performed by existing esophageal cancer surgery programs falling below seven (7) operations per year. If this outcome is likely, it will explain how the overall quality of care for all esophageal cancer patients in the state will be improved by the addition of the proposed program.

5. A new or proposed pancreatic cancer surgery program shall provide data to the Department showing a reasonable expectation of attaining and maintaining a minimum volume of eleven (11) operations per year within two (2) years of its designation. It shall also report whether the addition of the new pancreatic cancer surgery program is likely to result in the annual volume of operations performed by existing pancreatic cancer surgery programs falling below eleven (11) operations per year. If this outcome is likely, it will explain how the overall quality of care for all pancreatic cancer patients in the state will be improved by the addition of the proposed program.

C. Reporting Requirements

Each hospital that provides esophageal cancer surgery and/or pancreatic cancer surgery shall report to the Department for each hospital fiscal year:

1. the number of esophageal and/or pancreatic cancer operations, respectively;

2. the number of esophageal and/or pancreatic cancer operations by principal surgeon;

3. the mortality rate for esophageal and/or pancreatic cancer patients at three (3) months, and the readmission rates.

D. Penalties for Noncompliance

The penalties for violations of the standards set forth in §4.6.28 of this Part shall be in accordance with those set forth in R.I. Gen. Laws Chapter 23-17, and §4.4.6 of this Part. Failure to maintain the minimal esophageal and/or pancreatic cancer surgery program standards set forth in these regulations may result in the revocation or suspension of the hospital's esophageal and/or pancreatic cancer surgery program designation and/or cessation of its activities. The hospital shall post notices for patients and shall notify physicians, if its status as an approved esophageal and/or pancreatic cancer surgery program has been revoked or suspended.

4.6.29Special Care Units

A. As used in this section, special care units may be multi-purpose or include but not be limited to units for: burn, critical care, observation, pulmonary care, rehabilitation and hemodialysis.

B. Special care units shall have a defined organization and shall be integrated with other departments and services of the hospital.

C. The units shall be designed and equipped for the defined special functions with provisions for effectiveness and safety in operation.

D. Hospitals shall develop and define standards for the operation of the specialized units.

E. The services shall be governed by written policies and procedures specifically defining admission and discharge criteria.

F. Each unit shall be under the direction of a physician qualified by training and experience in the specialty care.

G. A sufficient number of specially qualified personnel shall be provided based on the scope and complexity of the services provided.

H. There shall be specific written policies defining the scope of responsibilities assigned to staff personnel.

I. A continuing education program developed specifically for personnel of special care units shall be provided to insure an optimum level of skills and performance.

4.6.30Psychiatric Service

A. Hospitals with psychiatric services shall have such services under the supervision of a clinical director who is certified by the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology or who has equivalent training and experience.

B. There shall be a sufficient number of qualified professional, technical and supporting personnel and consultants to carry out a diagnostic and treatment program that includes no less than:

1. the evaluation of individual needs of patients; and

2. the establishment and implementation of written treatment and rehabilitation plans involving psychiatric, medical, surgical, nursing, social work, psychological therapies and other such services.

C. Medical records shall include:

1. patient's legal status;

2. psychiatric diagnosis as well as diagnoses of intercurrent diseases;

3. psychiatric evaluation which includes a medical history, records mental status, notes onset of illness and circumstances leading to admission, describes attitude and behaviors, and estimates intellectual and cognitive functioning, memory functioning and orientation;

4. complete neurological examination when indicated;

5. social service records of interviews with patient, family and others, assessments of home plans, contacts with community resources, as well as a social history;

6. treatment plans that include measurable goals and specific treatment modalities to be utilized;

7. documentation of all treatment provided;

8. at least weekly progress notes, by the physician, physician assistant, nurse, social worker, and when appropriate, others significantly involved in treatment, that provide an assessment of the patient's progress in accordance with the treatment plan;

9. discharge summary and aftercare plan.

D. Hospitals with psychiatric services shall maintain patient-identifiable information in confidence in accordance with all applicable state and federal statutes and regulations, including, but not limited to, R.I. Gen. Laws Chapter 40.1-5 ("Mental Health Law").

E. In addition to the above, the requirements of §4.6.29 of this Part and all applicable sections of these regulations shall apply to a hospital providing inpatient diagnostic and therapeutic care to persons with mental disorders.

4.6.31Rehabilitation Services

A. If a hospital provides rehabilitation, physical therapy, occupational therapy, audiology or speech pathology services, such services shall have a defined organizational structure with established lines of authority and responsibility that ensures accountability in patient care and administrative matters. Such services shall be integrated with other departments and services of the hospital.

B. The director(s) of the service or services (may be single discipline departments or multi- discipline departments) shall be qualified by training, experience, and capability to properly supervise and administer the services. The director retains responsibility for the personnel providing the service.

C. Services shall be provided by staff who meet the qualifications specified by the medical staff and hold current licensure, certification or registration as may be required by law (see R.I. Gen. Laws Chapters 5-40, 5-40.1, and 5-48 ).

D. The director of the service(s) shall ensure there are a sufficient number of qualified staff to:

1. evaluate each patient requiring services;

2. initiate a plan of treatment;

3. provide treatment services;

4. instruct and supervise support staff when they are used to render services.

E. Services shall be provided in accordance with written orders by persons who are authorized by the medical staff to order such services. Orders shall be incorporated into the patient's clinical record.

F. Services shall be furnished in accordance with a written plan of treatment, which is established by the practitioner ordering the service in collaboration with an individual qualified to provide the service.

1. Treatment plans shall include treatment goals, as well as type, amount, frequency and duration of services.

2. Treatment plans shall be revised as necessary. Changes in the treatment plan shall be documented in writing and supported by clinical record information such as evaluations, test results, or orders.

G. Treatment shall be documented in the clinical record by the responsible person at the time services are provided. Progress notes (to note the patient's status in relationship to goal attainment) shall be recorded periodically in accordance with hospital policy.

H. In addition to the above, the requirements of §4.6.29 of this Part and all applicable sections of these regulations shall apply to inpatient rehabilitation units.

4.6.32Substance Abuse Treatment Services/Programs

A. Hospitals with substance abuse treatment programs shall have such program(s) under the direction of a physician who has experience and training in the treatment of individuals with chemical dependency.

B. Each program shall have a clinical supervisor to oversee counseling activities directly and provide clinical supervision. The clinical supervisor shall have a minimum of a master's degree in a clinically related field, and a minimum of three (3) years supervisory experience; be licensed as a chemical dependency clinical supervisor by the Rhode Island Board for Licensing of Chemical Dependency Professionals; or be a licensed chemical dependency professional and, at a minimum, have taken a state Department of Behavioral Healthcare, Developmental Disabilities and Hospitals (BHDDH) approved course in clinical supervision.

C. The substance abuse program shall be staffed with a sufficient number of specially qualified professional and ancillary personnel who shall be assigned duties and responsibilities consistent with their education and experience.

D. There shall be sufficient number of staff to carry out the treatment program, that includes no less than:

1. initial evaluation, including medical and psychosocial assessment; and

2. the establishment and implementation of written treatment plans.

E. Medical records shall include:

1. Medical assessment including medical history and history of drugs prescribed;

2. History of alcohol and/or other drug use, including age of onset, duration, patterns, and consequences or resultant effects (to include medical, physical, psychosocial, employment, educational, legal, financial, family, social, recreational and other pertinent areas);

3. Special exams, tests, or evaluations necessary for complete initial and on-going assessment;

4. Individualized treatment plan, including problem list, short- and long- term goals expressed in measurable behaviors, treatment interventions, and timeframes;

5. Documentation of all treatment provided, at the time of provision;

6. At least weekly progress notes, describing progress, or lack thereof, toward goal achievement;

7. Discharge summary and aftercare plan; and

8. Post-discharge follow-up contacts.

F. Hospitals with substance abuse treatment programs shall maintain identifiable patient information in confidence in accordance with all applicable state and federal statutes and regulations, including, but not limited to, 42 C.F.R. Part 2 (2017).

G. In addition to the above, the requirements of §4.6.29 of this Part and all applicable regulations contained in these regulations shall apply to the substance abuse treatment program.

4.6.33Caregiver Services

A. Any hospital licensed pursuant to § 4.4 of this Part, shall provide each patient or, if applicable, the patient's legal guardian with an opportunity to designate at least one caregiver under R.I. Gen. Laws Chapter 23-17 following the patient's entry to the hospital.

1. Unconscious or Incapacitated Patient

In the event that the patient is unconscious or otherwise incapacitated upon entry into the hospital, the hospital shall adhere to the following requirements:

a. Provide the patient or the patient's legal guardian with an opportunity to designate a caregiver within a given timeframe, at the discretion of the attending physician, following the patient's recovery of consciousness or capacity; and

b. Notify the patient that the purpose of providing a caregiver's identity is to include that caregiver in discharge planning and sharing of post-discharge care information or instruction.

2. Patient Designates Caregiver

In the event that the patient or the patient's legal guardian designates an individual as a caregiver pursuant to R.I. Gen. Laws Chapter 23-17, the hospital shall adhere to the following requirements:

a. Record the patient's designation of the caregiver in the patient's medical record along with the caregivers; relationship to the patient, name, telephone number and address;

b. Promptly request the written consent of the patient, or the patient's legal guardian, to release medical information to the patients designated caregiver following the hospitals established procedures for releasing personal health information and in compliance with all federal and state laws;

c. If the patient or the patient's legal guardian declines to consent to release medical information to the patients designated caregiver, the hospital is not required to:

(1) Provide notice to the caregiver in accordance with R.I. Gen. Laws § 23-17.27-4 and §4.6.33(C) of this Part; or

(2) Provide information contained in the patients discharge plan in accordance with R.I. Gen. Laws § 23-17.27-5 and §4.6.33(E) of this Part.

3. Patient Declines to Designate Caregiver

In the event that the patient, or the patient's legal guardian, declines to designate a caregiver, the hospital shall promptly document this in the patient's medical record.

4. Patient Elects to Change Caregiver

A patient, or a patient's legal guardian, may elect to change the patient's caregiver at any time, and the hospital must record this change in the patient's medical record before the patient's discharge.

5. The designation of a caregiver by a patient, or a patient's legal guardian, in accordance with §4.6.33(A) of this Part does not obligate any individual to perform any after-care tasks for any patient.

6. The requirements set forth in §4.6.33(A) of this Part shall not be construed to require a patient, or a patient's legal guardian, to designate any individual as a caregiver as defined by R.I. Gen. Laws Chapter 23-17.27 and these Regulations.

B. Notice of Patient Discharge to Designated Caregiver

Any hospital licensed pursuant to § 4.4 of this Part shall notify the patient's designated caregiver of the patient's discharge or transfer to another facility licensed by the State of Rhode Island as soon as possible, in any event, upon issuance of a discharge order by the patient's attending physician or other health care professional.

1. In the event that the hospital is unable to contact the designated caregiver, the lack of contact shall not interfere with, delay or otherwise affect the medical care provided to the patient or an appropriate discharge of the patient. The hospital shall promptly document the attempt to contact the patient's designated caregiver in the patient's medical record.

C. Instruction to Designated Caregiver

As soon as possible and prior to a patient's discharge from a hospital, the hospital shall consult with the designated caregiver and the patient regarding the caregiver's capabilities and limitations. The hospital will then issue a discharge plan that describes the patient's after-care needs at his or her residence in accordance with the provisions set forth in §§4.6.33(C)(1) through (4) of this Part.

1. Caregiver Consultation Session and Assessment

The consultation session will include an assessment of the caregiver's capability to provide after care and any limitations the caregiver foresees in providing after care. The hospital shall adhere to the following requirements regarding the consultation and assessment:

a. At its discretion, determine which hospital staff are best qualified to conduct the caregiver assessment; and

b. If, upon assessment, the hospital determines a caregiver may have difficulty supplying the needed care safely, the discharge plan may be adjusted accordingly and alternate care arrangements may be made in consultation with the caregiver.

2. Discharge Plan Schedule

The consultation and the issuance of a discharge plan shall occur on a schedule that takes into consideration the following:

a. The severity of the patient's condition;

b. The setting in which care is to be delivered; and

c. The urgency of the need for caregiver services.

3. Unable to Contact Caregiver

In the event that the hospital is unable to contact the designated caregiver, the lack of contact shall not interfere with, delay, or otherwise affect the medical care provided to the patient, or an appropriate discharge of the patient. The hospital shall promptly document the attempt in the patient's medical record.

4. Discharge Plan Content

At minimum, a discharge plan shall include:

a. The name and contact information of the caregiver designated in accordance with §4.6.33(A) of this Part;

b. A description of all after-care tasks recommended by the patient's physician or other health care professional, taking into account the capabilities and limitations of the caregiver;

c. Contact information for any health care, community resources, and long-term services and support necessary to successfully carry out the patients discharge plan.

D. Caregiver Training

The hospital issuing the discharge plan must offer to provide caregivers with instruction in all after-care tasks described in the discharge plan. Any training or instructions provided to a caregiver shall be provided, to the extent possible, in non-technical language and in the caregiver's native language.

1. At minimum, any training or instructions provided to a caregiver shall include the following:

a. A live or recorded demonstration of the tasks performed by the hospital employee or individual with whom the hospital has a contractual relationship authorized to perform the after-care task; and

b. An opportunity for the caregiver and patient to ask questions about the after-care tasks; and

c. Answers to the caregiver's and the patient's questions provided in a culturally competent manner and in accordance with the hospitals requirements to provide language access services under state and federal law.

2. Any instruction required under §4.6.33(C) of this Part shall be documented in the patient's medical record, including the date, time and contents of the instruction.

E. Non-Interference with Powers of Existing Health Care Directives

1. Nothing in R.I. Gen. Laws Chapter 23-17.27 or these regulations shall be construed to interfere with the rights of an agent operating under a valid directive pursuant to R.I. Gen. Laws Chapter 23-4.10 (Health Care Power of Attorney) or R.I. Gen. Laws § 23-4.11-3.1 (Medical Orders for Life Sustaining Treatment).

2. A patient may designate a caregiver in an advance directive.

F. Nothing in R.I. Gen. Laws Chapter 23-17.27 or these regulations shall delay the discharge of a patient, or the transfer of a patient from a hospital to another facility.

G. Caregiver Reimbursement

1. A caregiver shall not be reimbursed by any government or commercial payer for after-care assistance that is provided pursuant to R.I. Gen. Laws Chapter 23-17.27 or these regulations, with the sole exception that R.I. Gen. Laws Chapter 23-17.27 shall not supersede the applicability of wage replacement benefits paid to workers under Rhode Island's temporary disability insurance program, pursuant to R.I. Gen. Laws § 28-41-35.

2. Nothing in to R.I. Gen. Laws Chapter 23-17.27 or these regulations shall be construed to impact, impede or otherwise disrupt or reduce the reimbursement obligations of an insurance company, health service corporation, hospital service corporation, medical service corporation, health maintenance organization, or any other entity issuing health benefits plans.

216 R.I. Code R. § 216-RICR-40-10-4.6