N.Y. Comp. Codes R. & Regs. tit. 17 § 2C.05

Current through Register Vol. 46, No. 53, December 31, 2024

Section 2C.05 - Placement of Warning Signs

DELETE the entire section, including Table 2C-4.

INSERT Table NY2C-4 and the following paragraphs:

Standard:

00A All references to "Table 2C-4" in the MUTCD shall be understood to actually refer to Table NY2C-4.

Support:

00B For information on placement of warning signs, see Sections 2A.16 to 2A.21.

00C The time needed for detection, recognition, decision, and reaction is called the Perception-Response Time (PRT).

00D Table NY2C-4 lists suggested sign placement distances for three conditions; these values are based on essentially level approaches. The distances shown in Table NY2C-4 can be adjusted for roadway features, other signing, and to improve visibility.

Support:

00E Condition C in Table NY2C-4 comprises the distances associated with Condition B with an advisory speed equal to the posted or 85^th-percentile speed. (e.g., The Condition C distance for 40 mph is 150 ft.)

Guidance:

00F Warning signs should be placed so that they provide an adequate PRT. The distances contained in Table NY2C-4 should be used as guides in determining advance posting distances, and should be applied with engineering judgment. Warning signs should not be placed too far in advance of the condition, such that drivers might tend to forget the warning because of other driving distractions, especially in urban areas.

00G Warning signs that advise road users about conditions that will likely not require a reduction in speed should be placed in accordance with Condition C distances.

00H Warning signs that advise road users about conditions that are not related to a specific location, such as Deer Crossing or SOFT SHOULDER, should be installed in an appropriate location, based on engineering judgment, since they are not covered by Table NY2C-4.

00I The values shown in Table NY2C-4 should be suitably increased on downgrade approaches to accommodate the greater deceleration distances involved. For moderate downgrades (generally five to eight percent), the values should be increased about 25 percent, and for steeper downgrades (more than eight percent), they should be increased about 50 percent.

Option:

00J On steep upgrades (more than eight percent), the values may be decreased approximately 20 percent.

00K Estimated grades and 85^th percentile approach speeds are usually sufficient, and may be used in determining advance posting distances.

Guidance:

00L Minimum spacing between warning signs with different messages should be based on the estimated PRT for driver comprehension of, and reaction to, the second sign.

00M The effectiveness of the placement of warning signs should be periodically evaluated under both day and night conditions.

Table NY2C-4. Guidelines for Advance Placement of Warning Signs

Posted or 85th-Percentile Speed (mph)	Advance Placement Distance (ft)1
Condition A: Speed reduction and lane changing in heavy traffic2
Condition B: Deceleration to the listed advisory speed (mph) for the condition4
Condition C: No speed reduction necessary5
5	03	15	20	25	30	35	40	45	50	55	60	65	70	75
20	410	115	110	105	90	75	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
25	515	155	160	150	135	120	95	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
30	620	200	205	195	185	165	140	110	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
35	720	250	255	245	235	215	190	160	130	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
40	825	305	320	310	295	280	255	225	190	150	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
45	930	360	380	370	360	340	315	285	255	210	165	-	-	-	-	-	-
50	1030	425	455	450	435	415	390	360	330	285	240	185	-	-	-	-	-
55	1135	495	530	520	505	490	460	435	400	355	315	255	205	-	-	-	-
60	1280	570	605	595	585	565	540	510	475	435	390	335	280	220	-	-	-
65	1365	645	670	690	675	660	630	605	570	525	485	425	375	315	240	-	-
70	1445	730	785	775	765	745	720	690	660	615	570	515	460	400	325	260	-
75	1545	820	880	870	855	840	810	785	750	705	660	605	550	495	420	350	275

Footnotes

1 The distances have not been modified to account for sign legibility.

2 Typical conditions are locations where the road user must use extra time to adjust speed and change lanes in heavy traffic because of a complex driving situation. Typical signs are Merge and Right Lane Ends. The distances are taken from the 2004 AASHTO Policy, Exhibit 3-3, Decision Sight Distance, Avoidance Maneuver E.

3 Typical condition is the warning of a potential stop situation. Typical signs are Stop Ahead, Yield Ahead, Signal Ahead, and Intersection Warning signs. The distances are taken from the 2004 AASHTO Policy, Stopping Sight Distance, Exhibit 3-1.

4 Typical conditions are locations where the road user must decrease speed to maneuver through the warned condition. Typical signs are Turn, Curve, Reverse Turn, or Reverse Curve. The distances are determined by providing a 2.5 second PRT and a vehicle deceleration rate of 10 ft/second².

5 Typical signs are Added Lane, Road Narrows, Divided Highway, and Condition B signs displayed without an advisory speed.

N.Y. Comp. Codes R. & Regs. Tit. 17 § 2C.05