N.Y. Comp. Codes R. & Regs. Tit. 10 §§ 5-1.52

Current through Register Vol. 46, No. 45, November 2, 2024
Section 5-1.52 - Tables

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TABLE 5-DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM TURBIDITY MAXIMUM CONTAMINANT LEVEL DETERMINATION

ContaminantMCLDetermination of MCL violation
Distribution point turbidity5 NTUA violation occurs when the monthly average of the results of all distribution samples collected in any calendar month exceeds the MCL rounded off to the nearest whole number.

Table 6. Microbiological Contaminants Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL)/Treatment Technique Trigger (TTT)/ Treatment Technique Violation (TTV) Determination1

Contaminant/

Trigger/

Violation

Sample Location

MCL or TTT or TTV

Performance Standard

Determination of MCL/TTV and TTT10

Total coliform2

Distribution Sample Sites

TTT3

No positive sample4, 5

A Level 1 TTT occurs at systems collecting 40 or more samples per month when more than 5.0 percent of the samples are total coliform positive.11

TTT3

A Level 1 TTT occurs at systems collecting less than 40 samples per month when two or more samples are total coliform positive.11

TTT3

A Level 1 TTT occurs at any system that fails to collect every required repeat sample after any single total coliform positive sample.11

TTT6

A Level 2 TTT occurs at any system that has a second Level 1 trigger within a rolling 12-Level 1 TTT were total coliform positive and has established that the system has corrected the problem.11

Escherichia coli (E. Coli)

MCL/TTT4, 6

No positive sample5, 7

An MCL violation and Level 2 TTT occurs when a total coliform sample is positive for E. coli and a repeat total coliform sample is positive.13

MCL/TTT4, 6

No positive sample5, 7

An MCL violation and Level 2 TTT occurs when a total coliform sample is positive for total coliform but negative for E. coli and a repeat total coliform sample is positive for E. coli.13

MCL/TTT4, 6

An MCL violation and Level 2 TTT occurs when a total coliform sample is positive for total coliform but negative for E. coli and a repeat total coliform positive sample is not analyzed for E. coli.13

MCL/TTT4, 6

An MCL violation occurs when a system fails to collect every required repeat sample after any E. coli positive routine sample.

Fecal indicator: E. coli, and/or enterococci, and/or coliphage8

Untreated Water from a Ground Water Source

TTV

No fecal indicator in samples collected from raw source water from a ground9w10ater source. ,

A TTV occurs when a raw water sample is positive for the fecal indicator contaminant and system does not provide and document, through process compliance monitoring, 4-log virus treatment during peak flow at first customer. If repeat sampling of the raw water is directed by the State and all additional samples are negative for fecal indicator, there is no TTV.9, 13

Other trigger or violation

TTV4

A TTV occurs when a system exceeds a TTT and then fails to conduct the required assessment or corrective actions.12

TTV4

A TTV occurs when a seasonal system fails to complete a State-approved start-up procedure prior to serving water to the public.14

1All samples collected in accordance with Table 11 footnotes 1 and 2 and Table 11B of this section and samples collected in accordance with subdivision 5-1.51(g) of this Subpart shall be included in determining compliance with the MCL, TTT, and/or TTV unless any of the samples have been invalidated by the State. In accordance with 40 CFR 141.852(a)(2) systems need only determine the presence or absence of total coliforms and E. coli; a determination of density is not required.

2Total coliform method additions or modifications to approved methods.

For total coliform (TC) samples collected from untreated surface water or GWUDI sources, the time from sample collection to initiation of analysis may not exceed 8 hours and the samples must be held below 10 degrees C during transit to the laboratory. For other TC samples, the time from collection to initiation of analysis may not exceed 30 hours. Systems are encouraged, but not required, to hold TC samples below 10 degrees C during transit.

If the Total Coliform Fermentation Technique using standard methods 9221A or B is used, and if inverted tubes are used to detect gas production, the media should cover these tubes at least one half to two-thirds after the sample is added. Also, no requirement exists to run the completed phase on 10 percent of all TC-positive confirmed tubes. Additionally, lactose broth, as commercially available, may be used in lieu of lauryl tryptose broth, if the system conducts at least 25 parallel tests between this medium and lauryl tryptose broth using the water normally tested, and this comparison demonstrates that the false-positive rate and falsenegative rate for TC, using lactose broth, is less than 10 percent. If Membrane Filter Technique Standard Methods 9222A, B, and optionally C are used, MI agar also may be used. Verification of colonies is not required.

* If the Standard Methods Presence-Absence (P-A) Coliform Test, 9221D is used, six-times formulation strength may be used if the medium is filter-sterilized rather than autoclaved.

* If the Total Coliform Membrane Filter Technique, Standard Methods 9222 A, B, C is used, MI agar also may be used. Verification of colonies is not required.

* For any TC testing it is strongly recommended that laboratories evaluate the false-positive and negative rates for the method(s) they use for monitoring TC. Laboratories are also encouraged to establish false-positive and false-negative rates within their own laboratory and sample matrix (drinking water or source water) with the intent that if the method they choose has an unacceptable false-positive or negative rate, another method can be used. It is suggested that laboratories perform these studies on a minimum of 5% of all TC-positive samples, except for those methods where verification/ confirmation is already required. Methods for establishing false-positive and negative-rates may be based on lactose fermentation, the rapid test for [BETA]-galactosidase and cytochrome oxidase, multi-test identification systems, or equivalent confirmation tests. False-positive and false-negative information is often available in published studies and/or from the manufacturer(s).

3The system must complete a Level 1 assessment as soon as practical after exceeding a Level 1 TTT. The system must submit the completed Level 1 assessment form to the State within 30 days after the system learns that it has exceeded a trigger. Corrective actions shall be addressed in accordance with section 5-1.71(e) of this Subpart.

4See Table 13 for public notification requirements.

5If any total coliform or E. Coli sample is positive, repeat samples must be collected in accordance with Table 11B of this section.

6A Level 2 assessment must be completed within 30 days after the system learns that it has exceeded a trigger. Corrective actions shall be addressed in accordance with section 5-1.71(e) of this Subpart.

7For notification purposes, an E. coli MCL violation in the distribution system is a public health hazard requiring Tier 1 notification. At a ground water system, Tier 1 notification is required after initial detection of E. coli or other fecal indicator in raw source water, if the system does not provide 4-log virus treatment and process compliance monitoring, even if not confirmed with additional sampling.

8For any fecal indicator sample collected as described in section 5-1.52, Table 6, the time from sample collection to initiation of analysis may not exceed 30 hours. The system is encouraged but is not required to hold samples below 10°C during transit.

9If raw water source sample is fecal indicator positive, the water system, in consultation with the State, may collect an additional 5 samples within 24 hours at each source that tested fecal indicator positive. If none of the additional samples are fecal indicator positive, then there is no TTV. Note that Tier 1 notification must be made after the initial raw water fecal indicator positive sample, even if it is not confirmed with additional sampling.

10Failure to take every required routine or additional routine sample in a compliance period is a monitoring violation.

11Failure to analyze for E. coli following a total coliform positive routine sample is a monitoring violation.

12Failure to submit a monitoring report or completed assessment form after a system properly conducts monitoring or assessment in a timely manner is a reporting violation.

13Failure to notify the State following an E. coli-positive sample as required by 5-1.52 Table 13 and 5-1.77(a) of this Subpart in a timely manner is a reporting violation.

14Failure to submit certification of completion of State approved start-up procedure by a seasonal system is a reporting violation.

Footnote 4 of section 5-1.52 Table 11A is amended to read as follows:

4Samples must be taken and analyzed every day the system serves water to the public and the turbidity of the raw water exceeds 1 NTU. The samples count toward the weekly sampling requirement.

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TABLE 8A-INORGANIC CHEMICALS AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS MINIMUM MONITORING REQUIREMENTS FOR ASBESTOS

Initial Frequency by Source Type 5ContaminantType ofwater systemGroundwater onlySurface only orsurface and groundwaterRepeat samplingand compliance
Asbestos1Community and NTNCOne sample at entry point by 12/31/952,3,4One sample at entry point by 12/31/952,3,4If GT MCL, one sample quarterly6,7
If LT MCL, one sample every nine years

GT - Greater Than LT - Less Than

1 If a system is not vulnerable to asbestos contamination, either at its source or due to corrosion of asbestos cement pipe, it is not required to monitor if granted a waiver by the State. The waiver must be renewed by the State every nine years. The basis for a waiver must include the following:

a. Lack of potential asbestos contamination of the water source.
b. No use of asbestos cement pipe for finished water distribution and noncorrosive nature of the water.

2 If asbestos monitoring data collected after January 1, 1990 are consistent with the requirements of this table, the State may allow systems to use that data to satisfy the initial monitoring requirement beginning January 1, 1993.

3 If a system is vulnerable to asbestos contamination due to source water and corrosion of asbestos cement pipe or solely to corrosion of asbestos cement pipe, it shall take one sample at a tap served by asbestos cement pipe and under conditions where asbestos contamination is most likely to occur.

4 If a system is vulnerable to asbestos contamination due to source water only, monitoring shall be conducted as follows: Groundwater -Collect a minimum of one sample at each entry point to the distribution system representative of each well after treatment. Surface water - Collect a minimum of one sample at each entry point to the distribution system after any application of treatment or in the distribution system at a point which is representative of each source after treatment.

5 For both types of water sources the system shall take each sample at the same sampling point unless conditions make another sampling point more representative of each source or treatment plant. If a system draws water from more than one source and the sources are combined before distribution, the system must sample at an entry point to the distribution system during periods of normal operating conditions when water is representative of all sources.

6 A system which exceeds the MCL for asbestos shall monitor quarterly beginning in the next quarter after the violation occurred.

7 The State may decrease the quarterly monitoring requirement to the initial sampling requirement provided that the State has determined that the system is reliably and consistently below the MCL on the basis of a minimum of two quarterly groundwater samples and a minimum of four quarterly samples for surface water.

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TABLE 8C-INORGANIC CHEMICALS AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS MINIMUM MONITORING REQUIREMENTS-NITRATES, NITRITES

Initial Frequency by Source Type1,6ContaminantType of water systemGroundwater onlySurface only orsurface and groundwaterAccelerated sampling7
Nitrate Community and noncommunity2One sample per entry point per yearOne sample per entry point quarterlyFor groundwater: If equal to or GT 50 percent MCL, quarterly for one year3
For surface water: If LT 50 percent MCL, one sample per year3,4
Nitrate Community and noncommunityOne sample per entry point by 12/31/95One sample per entry point by 12/31/95If equal to or GT 50 percent MCL, repeat quarterly for at least one year3,4
If LT 50 percent MCL sample frequency at State discretion.5

GT - Greater Than

LT - Less Than

1 The State may require, or the water system may request, more frequent monitoring frequencies than is minimally required. The State, at its discretion may require confirmation samples for positive and negative results.

2 Noncommunity water systems must sample annually beginning 1/1/93 regardless of the water source.

3 The frequency may be reduced to annual if the State determines the system's contaminant concentration is consistently and reliably less than the MCL and annual samples are collected during the quarter(s) having the highest analytical results.

4 A surface water shall return to quarterly monitoring if any one sample is GT 50 percent of MCL.

5 State discretion shall mean requiring monitoring when the State has reason to believe the MCL has been violated, the potential exists for an MCL violation or the contaminant may present a risk to public health.

6 For both types of water sources the system shall take each sample at the same sampling point unless conditions make another sampling point more representative of each source or treatment plant. If a system draws water from more than one source and the sources are combined before distribution, the system must sample at an entry point to the distribution system during periods of normal operating conditions when water is representative of all sources. The average of the initial and confirmation sample contaminant concentration at each sampling point shall be used to determine compliance with the MCL.

TABLE 8D-INORGANIC CHEMICALS AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS MINIMUM MONITORING REQUIREMENTS-OTHER CHEMICALS

Initial Frequency by Source Type
ContaminantType of water systemGroundwater onlySurface only or surface and groundwaterRepeat sampling and compliance
ChlorideCommunityState discretion2State discretion2State discretion2
Ironand NTNC
Manganese
Silver
Sodium1
Sulfate
Zinc
Color
Odor

1 All community systems with sodium levels exceeding 20 mg/l will be required to sample for sodium analysis.

2 State discretion shall mean requiring monitoring when the State has reason to believe the MCL has been violated, the potential exists for an MCL violation or the contaminant may present a risk to public health.

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TABLE 9D-ORGANIC CHEMICALS-POCs MINIMUM MONITORING REQUIREMENTS

ContaminantSpecific contaminants for analysis
POC'sbenzene11,1-dichloropropene
bromobenzenecis-1,3-dichloropropene
bromochloromethanetrans-1,3-dichloropropene
bromomethaneethylbenzene1
n-butylenzenehexachlorobutadiene
sec-butylbenzeneisopropylbenzene
tert-butylbenzenep-isopropyltoluene
carbon tetrachloride1methylene chloride1
chlorobenzenen-propylbenzene
chloroethanestyrene1
chloromethane1,1,1,2-tetrachloroethane
2-chlorotoluene1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane
4-chlorotoluenetetrachloroethene1
didromomethanetoluene1
1,2-dichlorobenzene11,2,3-trichlorobenzene
1,3-dichlorobenzene1,2,4-trichlorobenzene1
1,4-dichlorobenzene11,1,1-trichloroethane1
dichlorodifluoromethane1,1,2-trichloroethane1
1,1-dichioroethanetrichloroethene1
1,2-dichloroethane1trichlorofluoromethane
1,1-dichlorethane11,2,3-trichloropropane
cis-1,2-dichloroethene11,2,4-trimethylbenzene
trans-1,2-dichloroethene11,3,5-trimethylbenzene
1,2-dichloropropane1m-xylene1
1,3-dichloropropaneo-xylene1
2,2-dichloropropanep-xylene1

1 Notification must contain mandatory health effect language.

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TABLE 10A-TURBIDITY MINIMUM MONITORING REQUIREMENTS 1

Source type
ContaminantType of water systemGroundwaterSurface water1
Filtered water turbidityCommunity and noncommunityNot applicableContinuous monitoring for composite filter effluent and individual filters.2,3,4 ,5
Raw water turbidityUnfiltered surface: community and noncommunityNot applicableEvery four hours or continuous monitoring5
Distribution point turbidityCommunityState discretion7Five distribution samples each week unless otherwise determined by the State. No two samples may be obtained on the same day and no two samples are to be collected from the same distribution point during the same week.
NoncommunityState discretion7State discretion6

1 Surface water sources or groundwater sources directly influenced by surface water.

2 Effective January 1, 2002 systems serving 10,000 or more people must record the results of individual filter monitoring every 15 minutes, and combined filter effluent every four hours. Effective January 14, 2005 systems serving fewer than 10,000 persons must record the results of individual filter monitoring every 15 minutes, and combined filter effluent every four hours. Until January 14, 2005, systems serving fewer then 10,000 persons must continuously monitor the composite filter effluent turbidity, or record the turbidity every four hours. The State may allow systems with two filters to monitor the combined filter effluent continuously (recording every 15 minutes) in lieu of monitoring individual filter turbidity. Results of individual filter monitoring must be maintained for at least three years.

3 If there is a failure in the continuous turbidity monitoring equipment, the system must conduct grab sampling every four hours instead of continuous monitoring, but for no more than five working days following the failure of the equipment.

4 For systems using slow sand filtration or filtration treatment, other than conventional treatment, direct filtration or D.E. filtration, the State may reduce sampling frequency to once per day if it determines that less frequent monitoring is sufficient to indicate effective filtration performance.

5 If a system uses continuous monitoring, it must use the turbidity values recorded every four hours to determine if an MCL violation occurs, unless the State has approved in writing a different time interval.

6 State discretion shall mean requiring monitoring when the State has reason to believe the MCL has been violated, the potential exists for an MCL violation or the contaminant may present a risk to public health.

TABLE 11-MICROBIOLOGICAL MINIMUM MONITORING REQUIREMENTS (Refer to Table 11B following any positive samples)1,2,3 ,4

Contaminant

Type of Water System

Number of Routine Samples Based on Population

Population Served

Minimum Number of Samples per Month4

Population Served

Minimum Number of Samples

per Month4

Total

coliform in distribution

system5

Community

Up to 1,0006,7

1

59,001 to 70,000

70

1,001 to 2,500

2

70,001 to 83,000

80

2,501 to 3,300

3

83,001 to 96,000

90

3,301 to 4,100

4

96,001 to 130,000

100

4,101 to 4,900

5

130,001 to 220,000

120

4,901 to 5,800

6

220,001 to 320,000

150

5,801 to 6,700

7

320,001 to 450,000

180

6,701 to 7,600

8

450,001 to 600,000

210

7,601 to 8,500

9

600,001 to 780,000

240

8,501 to 12,900

10

780,001 to 970,000

270

12,901 to 17,200

15

970,001 to 1,230,000

300

17,201 to 21,500

20

1,230,001 to 1,520,000

330

21,501 to 25,000

25

1,520,001 to 1,850,000

360

25,001 to 33,000

30

1,850,001 to 2,270,000

390

33,001 to 41,000

40

2,270,001 to 3,020,000

420

41,001 to 50,000

50

3,020,001 to 3,960,000

450

50,001 to 59,000

60

3,960,001 or more

480

Noncommunity using surface water or groundwater directly influenced by surface water

All

Same as community

Noncommunity using only groundwater not directly influenced by surface water9

<=1,000

Quarterly8,9

>1,000

Same as community

Seasonal

All

Monthly9

Escherichia coli(E. coli)

Community and Noncommunity

All

Any routine or repeat samples that are Coliform positive must be analyzed for

E. coli.4,10

Fecal

Indicator in Raw Source

Water10

All ground water systems unless providing 4-log virus treatment and process compliance monitoring

All

State discretion11

1. Public water supply systems must collect total coliform samples at sites that are representative of water throughout the distribution system and throughout the reporting period, in accordance with a written monitoring plan which is subject to State review and revision as described in section 5-1.51(c) of this Subpart. A public water system that uses only groundwater and serves 4,900 or fewer people may collect all required samples on a single day if they are taken from different sites.

2. Public water systems using surface water or groundwater directly influenced by surface water, and which do not provide filtration, must collect and analyze at least one sample for total coliforms near the first service connection each day the turbidity level of the raw water exceeds 1.49 NTU. This sample shall be collected within 24 hours. Results of this sample must be included in determining compliance with the MCLs and TTTs in Table 6 of this section.

3. Samples taken to determine disinfection practices after pipe repair, replacement, or similar activity are not to be used for determining compliance with the MCLs or TTTs in Table 6 of this section.

4. See Table 11B for repeat sampling requirements following any total coliform or E. Coli positive samples.

5. If chlorine or chloramines are used as the disinfectant, a chlorine residual determination shall be made at the same time and location that the sample is collected for total coliform analysis. Monitoring for heterotrophic bacteria may be substituted for free chlorine residuals. The State may allow a public water system that uses both:

(1) a surface water source, or a ground water source under direct influence of surface water, and
(2) a ground water source, to take disinfectant residual samples at points other than the total coliform sampling points if the State determines that such points are more representative of treated (disinfected) water quality within the distribution system. A heterotrophic plate count result equal to or less than 500 colonies per milliliter is considered to be equivalent to a measurable free chlorine residual.

6. The State may, in writing, reduce the monitoring frequency to quarterly for a community water system serving 1,000 or fewer persons and using ground water only if the system is in compliance with 10 NYCRR Subpart 5-4; has a clean compliance history for a minimum of 12-months; is free of sanitary defects; and has a protected water source. The system must meet at least one of the following criteria: an annual site visit by the State or State-approved party that is equivalent to a Level 2 assessment and correction of all identified sanitary defects; cross connection control, as approved by the State; continuous disinfection entering the distribution system and a residual in the distribution system in accordance with criteria specified by the State; or demonstration of maintenance of at least a 4-log removal or inactivation of viruses. Systems that have been granted a disinfection waiver are not eligible for reduced monitoring frequency.

7. A community water system on quarterly monitoring must begin monthly monitoring if it meets any of the following conditions: a Level 2 assessment is triggered; two Level 1 assessments in a rolling 12-month period are triggered; an E. coli MCL violation; a coliform TTV; or two total coliform monitoring violations in a rolling 12-month period. Monthly monitoring must begin in the month following the event.

8. A noncommunity water system on quarterly monitoring must begin monthly monitoring if it meets any of the following conditions: a Level 2 assessment is triggered; two Level 1 assessments in a rolling 12-month period are triggered; an E. coli MCL violation; a coliform TTV; two total coliform monitoring violations; or one total coliform monitoring violation and one Level 1 assessment in a rolling 12-month period. Monthly monitoring must begin in the month following the event.

9. A noncommunity water system may return to quarterly monitoring if they meet the following criteria: within the last 12 months, the system must have a completed sanitary survey or Level 2 assessment, be free of sanitary defects, have a protected water source; and the system must have a clean compliance history for a minimum of 12 months.

10. Fecal indicators include E. coli, enterococci, and coliphage. Only E. coli testing will be required, unless otherwise directed by the State.

11. State discretion shall mean that monitoring is required when the State has reason to believe the MCL or TT has been violated, the potential exists for an MCL violation or TTV; or the contaminant may present a risk to public health.

TABLE 11A-MICROBIOLOGICAL/FILTRATION AVOIDANCE CRITERIA MINIMUM MONITORING REQUIREMENTS1

Contaminant2Type of water systemPopulation served:Minimum number of samples per week3,4
Raw water fecal or total coliformCommunity and noncommunityUp to 500 501 to 3,3001 2
3,301 to 10,0003
10,001 to 25,0004
25,001 or more5

1 The monitoring requirement applies to surface water sources and groundwater sources directly influenced by surface water.

2 Either fecal or total coliform density measurements are acceptable. If both analyses are performed, the fecal coliform results will take precedence.

3 Monitoring sampling must be performed on separate days.

4 Samples must be taken and analyzed every day the system serves water to the public and the turbidity of the raw water exceeds 1.49 NTU. The samples count toward the weekly sampling requirement.

TABLE 11B-REPEAT MICROBIOGICAL SAMPLING REQUIREMENTS FOLLOWING TOTAL COLIFORM POSITIVE AND/OR FECAL INDICATOR POSITIVE SAMPLE(S)

Type of Positive Sample

Type of Water System/Source

System Size

Number of Repeat

Samples Required

Within 24 Hours of

Notification

Sampling Location

Required Action for

Positive Repeat

Samples

Routine total coliform sample(s) from distribution system

Surface water, GWUDI, or ground water performing 4-log virus treatment and process compliance monitoring

More than one service connection

Three distribution system samples

The same sampling site where the original coliform-positive sample was collected, one sample within five service connections upstream, one sample within five service connections downstream in accordance with a state approved sampling plan.

Distribution sampling must be repeated until total coliform is not detected in repeat samples, or it is determined that a treatment technique has been triggered or an MCL has been

violated.2,3

One service connection

One distribution

system sample4

Original sampling location

Ground water system or ground water source not providing (or not documenting) 4-log virus treatment5

Population >1,000

Three distribution system samples and one source water sample from each source collected in accordance with a State-approved sampling plan6

The same distribution system sampling site where the original coliform-positive sample was collected, one sample within five service connections upstream, one sample within five service connections downstream. An additional sample must be collected from each raw water source or according to State approved sampling plan.6,7

Distribution sampling must be repeated until total coliform is not detected in repeat samples, or it is determined that a treatment technique has been triggered or an MCL has been

violated.2,3

Population <=1,000 and more than one service connection

Three distribution system samples and one source water sample from each source collected in accordance with a State-approved sampling plan. 5,8

The same distribution system sampling site where the original coliform-positive sample was collected, one sample within five service connections upstream, and one sample within five service connections downstream. An additional sample must be collected from each raw water source or according to State approved sampling plan.6,7,8

One service connection

One distribution system sample and source water sample(s) in accordance with a State-approved

sampling plan4,6,8

Original sampling location. An additional sample must be collected from each raw water source or according to State approved sampling plan.6,7,8

Wholesale System of any size

After notification by consecutive system of total coliform-positive sample6,7,9, 11

Collect one raw water sample at each source or in accordance with a State-approved sampling plan.6,7, 9

As directed by State10

Source water sample(s) fecal indicator

positive7,10

Ground water system or ground water source not providing or not documenting 4-log virus treatment

All

Five raw water samples for fecal indicator or immediate corrective action as directed by State 6, 9, 11

Fecal indicator sampling from source or sources with initial fecal indicator positive samples6,7

As directed by State10,11

1. After any total coliform positive sample from the distribution system, the system must collect repeat samples on the same day and within 24 hours of being notified.

2. The month following a total coliform positive sample, systems collecting samples quarterly must collect a minimum of three routine distribution system samples. The State may waive, in writing, the requirement to collect three routine samples the following month the system provides water to the public, if the State carries out an onsite visit before the end of the following month and the State determines why the sample was total coliform positive and establishes that the system has corrected the problem. The State cannot waive the requirement to collect three routine samples solely on the basis that all the repeat samples were total coliform negative. Before the end of the following month the system serves water to the public, at least one routine sample to determine compliance with the MCLs and TTTs must be collected by the system as required in Table 11.

3. Results of all routine and repeat microbiological samples not invalidated by the State must be used to determine whether a coliform TTT specified in Table 6 has been exceeded.

4. The State may allow a system with a single service connection to collect the required set of repeat samples over a three-day period or to collect a larger volume repeat sample(s) in one or two more sample containers of any size, as long as the total volume collect is at least 300 mL. If E. coli is used as the fecal indicator at a ground water system with a single well, a single sample of two (2) times the minimum sample volume or two (2) bottles of minimum required sample volume may be collected consecutively from the tap and the third sample collected from the raw water source. This source water sample result must be used to determine compliance with all Table 6 requirements.

5. If a consecutive system purchasing (or otherwise obtaining) ground water from a wholesale system has a total coliform-positive sample from the distribution system, the system must notify the wholesale system and collect distribution system repeat samples as specified in Table 11B within 24 hours. The wholesale system must collect raw source water sample(s) unless the system provides 4-log virus treatment at peak flow before or at the first customer as confirmed through process compliance monitoring.

6. Sampling plan requirements are given in section 5-1.51(c) of this Subpart.

7. Fecal indicators include E. coli, enterococci and coliphage. Sampling for fecal indicators other than E.coli is at State discretion.

8. A system with a single well or a ground water source serving 1,000 or fewer persons may collect a single raw water sample to serve as both a distribution repeat sample to replace the upstream location sample and a raw water sample taken following a routine total coliform positive sample, if E. coli is used as the fecal indicator. If this dual-purpose source water sample is collected, the sample result must be used to determine compliance with all Table 6 requirements.

9. Wholesale system source water sampling requirements are in addition to distribution system sampling requirements for consecutive systems.

10. In the event of a fecal indicator positive sample from the raw source water, the state must be notified immediately and may require immediate corrective action. In no case will notification be later than 24 hours as described in section 5-1.78(d)(4) of this Subpart.

11. If a ground water wholesale system does not perform 4-log virus treatment and process compliance monitoring, and has a fecal indicator positive sample from a raw source water, the system must notify any consecutive systems as well as any of its own customers.

TABLE 12-RADIOLOGICAL MINIMUM MONITORING REQUIREMENTS

ContaminantType of water systemMonitoring Requirement1
InitialReduced monitoring2,3
Combined radium-226 and radium-228 and gross alpha particle activityCommunityFour consecutive quarterly samples at every entry point before December 31, 2007, 4,5,6One sample every nine years at every entry point when monitoring results are below the detection limit.7,8
One sample every six years at every entry point when monitoring results are at or above the detection limit but below half of the MCL.7,8
One sample every three years at every entry point when monitoring results are above half of the MCL but at or below the MCL.7,8
NoncommunityNot applicable
Beta particle and photon radioactivity from manmade radionuclidesCommunity systems designated by the State as vulnerable9Quarterly samples for beta particle and annual samples for tritium and Sr-90, beginning within one quarter after being notified by the State.10,11If the gross beta particle activity minus the naturally occurring K-40 beta particle activity at a sampling point has a running annual average (computed quarterly) less than or equal to 50 pCi/L (screening level), the State may reduce the frequency of monitoring at that sampling point to once every 3 years.14,15
Community systems designated by the State as utilizing waters contaminated by effluents from nuclear facilities9Quarterly samples for beta emitters and I-131 and annual samples for tritium and Sr-90, beginning within one quarter after being notified by the State.10,11,12,13If the gross beta particle activity minus the naturally occurring K-40 beta particle activity at a sampling point has a running annual average (computed quarterly) less than or equal to 15 pCi/L (screening level), the State may reduce the frequency of monitoring at that sampling point to once every 3 years.14,15

1 All radiological samples must be collected at every entry point to distribution system (EPTDS).

2 The State may allow systems to reduce the frequency of monitoring based on initial monitoring or historical results as noted in footnote 4 below.

3 Systems on a reduced monitoring schedule must perform quarterly sampling if a sample result exceeds the MCL.

4 The State may allow historical monitoring data collected between June 2000 and December 8, 2003 for systems with:

(1) only one entry point to the distribution system;
(2) multiple entry points and having appropriate historical monitoring data for each entry point to the distribution system;
(3) appropriate historical data for a representative point in the distribution system, provided that the State finds that the historical data satisfactorily demonstrate that each entry point to the distribution system is expected to be in compliance based upon the historical data and reasonable assumptions about the variability of contaminant levels between entry points.

5 The State may waive the final two quarters of initial monitoring for a sampling point if the results of the samples from the previous two quarters are below the detection limit.

6 If the average of the initial monitoring results for a sampling point is above the MCL, the system must collect and analyze quarterly samples at the sampling point until the system has results from four consecutive quarters that are at or below the MCL.

7 A gross alpha particle activity measurement may be substituted for the required radium-226 measurement provided that the measured gross alpha particle activity does not exceed 5 pCi/L. A gross alpha particle activity measurement may be substituted for the required uranium measurement provided that the measured gross alpha particle activity does not exceed 15 pCi/L. The gross alpha measurement shall have a confidence interval of 95 % (1.65[SIGMA], where [SIGMA] is the standard deviation of the net counting rate of the sample) for radium-226 and uranium. When a system uses a gross alpha activity measurement in lieu of a radium-226 and/or uranium measurement, the gross alpha particle activity analytical result will be used be determine the future monitoring frequency for radium-226 and/or or uranium. If the gross alpha particle activity result is less than detection, 1/2 the detection limit can be used to substitute to radium-226 and determine compliance for future monitoring frequency.

8 Radium-228 measurement can not be substituted by the gross alpha particle activity result.

9 For systems in the vicinity of a nuclear facility, the State may allow the CWS to utilize environmental surveillance data collected by the nuclear facility in lieu of monitoring the systems entry point(s), where the State determines that such data is applicable.

10Systems already designed by the State must continue to sample until the State reviews and either reaffirms or removes the designation.

11Quarterly monitoring for gross beta particle activity shall be based on the analysis of monthly samples or the analysis of a composite of three monthly samples.

12Annual monitoring for Sr-90 and tritium shall be conducted by means of the analysis of a composite of four consecutive quarterly samples or analysis of four quarterly samples.

13For iodine-131, a composite of five consecutive daily samples shall be analyzed once each quarter. As ordered by the State, more frequent monitoring shall be conducted when iodine-131 is identified in the finished water.

14Systems must collect all samples for beta emitters, tritium and strontium-90 during the reduced monitoring period.

15A system that exceeds the gross beta particle activity minus the naturally occurring potassium-40 beta particle screening level (50 pCi/L for vulnerable systems or 15 pCi/L for systems utilizing waters contaminated by effluents from nuclear facilities), must further analyze the sample for the major radioactive constituents. The potassium-40 beta particle activity must be calculated by multiplying elemental potassium concentrations in mg/L by a factor of 0.82.

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TABLE 14A-CT VALUES (CT99.9) FOR 99.9 PERCENT INACTIVATION OF GIARDIA LAMBLIA CYSTS BY FREE CHLORINE AT 0.5 DEGREES CELSIUS OR LOWER1

Free chlorine residual (mg/l)pH
<=6.06.57.07.58.08.5<=9.0
<=0.4137163195237277329390
0.6141168200239286342407
0.8145172205246295354422
1.0148176210253304365437
1.2152180215259313376451
1.4155184221266321387464
1.6157189226275329397477
1.8162193231279338407489
2.0165197236286346417500
2.2169201242297353426511
2.4172205247298361435522
2.6175209252304368444533
2.8178213257310375452543
3.0181217261316382460552

1 These CT values achieve greater than a 99.99 percent inactivation of viruses. CT values between the indicated pH values may be determined by linear interpolation. CT values between the indicated temperatures of different tables may be determined by linear interpolation. If no interpolation is used, use the CT99.9; value at the lower temperature, and at the higher pH.

TABLE 14B-CT VALUES (CT99.9) FOR 99.9 PERCENT INACTIVATION OF GIARDIA LAMBLIA CYSTS BY FREE CHLORINE AT 5.0 DEGREES CELSIUS1

Free chlorine residual (mg/l)pH
<=6.06.57.07.58.08.5<=9.0
<=0.4 97117139166198236279
0.6100120143171204244291
0.8103122146175210252301
1.0105125149179216260312
1.2107127152183221267320
1.4109130155187227274329
1.6111132158192232281337
1.8114135162196238287345
2.0116138165200243294353
2.2118140169204248300361
2.4120143172209253306368
2.6122146175213258312375
2.8124148178217263318382
3.0126151182221268324389

1 These CT values achieve greater than a 99.99 percent inactivation of viruses. CT values between the indicated pH values may be determined by linear interpolation. CT values between the indicated temperatures of different tables may be determined by linear interpolation. If no interpolation is used, use the CT99.9 value at the lower temperature, and at the higher pH.

TABLE 14C-CT VALUES (CT99.9) FOR 99.9 PERCENT INACTIVATION OF GIARDIA LAMBLIA CYSTS BY FREE CHLORINE AT 10.0 DEGREES CELSIUS1

Free chlorine residual (mg/l)pH
<=6.06.57.07.58.08.5<=9.0
<=0.4 73 88104125149177209
0.6 75 90107128153183218
0.8 78 92110131158189226
1.0 79 94112134162195234
1.2 80 95114137166200240
1.4 82 98116140170206247
1.6 83 99119144174211253
1.8 86101122147179215259
2.0 87104124150182221265
2.2 89105127153186225271
2.4 90107129157190230276
2.6 92110131160194234281
2.8 93111134163197239287
3.0 95113137166201243292

1 These CT values achieve greater than a 99.99 percent inactivation of viruses. CT values between the indicated pH values may be determined by linear interpolation. CT values between the indicated temperatures of different tables may be determined by linear interpolation. If no interpolation is used, use the CT99.9 value at the lower temperature, and at the higher pH.

TABLE 14D-CT VALUES (CT99.9) FOR 99.9 PERCENT INACTIVATION OF GIARDIA LAMBLIA CYSTS BY FREE CHLORINE AT 15.0 DEGREES CELSIUS1

Free chlorine residual (mg/l)pH
<=6.06.57.07.58.08.5<=9.0
<=0.4 49 59 70 83 99118140
0.6 50 60 72 86102122146
0.8 52 61 73 88105126151
1.0 53 63 75 90108130156
1.2 54 64 76 92111134160
1.4 55 65 78 94114137165
1.6 56 66 79 96116141169
1.8 57 68 81 98119144173
2.0 58 69 83100122147177
2.2 59 70 85102124150181
2.4 60 72 86105127153184
2.6 61 73 88107129156188
2.8 62 74 89109132159191
3.0 63 76 91111134162195

1 These CT values achieve greater than a 99.99 percent inactivation of viruses. CT values between the indicated pH values may be determined by linear interpolation. CT values between the indicated temperatures of different tables may be determined by linear interpolation. If no interpolation is used, use the CT99.9 value at the lower temperature, and at the higher pH.

TABLE 14E-CT VALUES (CT99.9) FOR 99.9 PERCENT INACTIVATION OF GIARDIA LAMBLIA CYSTS BY FREE CHLORINE AT 20.0 DEGREES CELSIUS 1

Free chlorine residual (mg/l)pH
<=6.06.57.07.58.08.5<=9.0
<=0.436445262 74 89105
0.638455464 77 92109
0.839465566 79 95113
1.039475667 81 98117
1.240485769 83100120
1.441495870 85103123
1.642505972 87105126
1.843516174 89108129
2.044526275 91110132
2.244536377 93113135
2.445546578 95115138
2.646556680 97117141
2.847566781 99119143
3.047576883101122146

1 These CT values achieve greater than a 99.99 percent inactivation of viruses. CT values between the indicated PH values may be determined by linear interpolation. CT values between the indicated temperatures of different tables may be determined by linear interpolation. If no interpolation is used, use the CT99.9 value at the lower temperature, and at the higher pH.

TABLE 14F-CT VALUES (CT99.9) FOR 99.9 PERCENT INACTIVATION OF GIARDIA LAMBLIA CYSTS BY FREE CHLORINE AT 25.0 DEGREES CELSIUS AND HIGHER1

Free chlorine residual (mg/l)pH
<=6.06.57.07.58.08.5<=9.0
<=0.424293542505970
0.625303643516173
0.826313744536375
1.026313745546578
1.227323846556780
1.427333947576982
1.628334048587084
1.829344149607286
2.029354150617488
2.230354251627590
2.430364352637792
2.631374453657894
2.831374554668096
3.032384655678197

1 These CT values achieve greater than a 99.99 percent inactivation of viruses. CT values between the indicated pH values may be determined by linear interpolation CT values between the indicated temperatures of different tables may be determined by linear interpolation If no interpolation is used, use the CT99.9 value at the lower temperature, and at the higher pH.

TABLE 14G-CT VALUES (CT99.9) FOR 99.9 PERCENT INACTIVATION OF GIARDIA LAMBLIA CYSTS BY CHLORINE DIOXIDE AND OZONE1, 2

Degrees Celsius
<=15101520>=25
Chlorine dioxide632623191511
Ozone2.91.91.40.950.720.48

1 These CT values achieve greater than a 99.99 percent inactivation of viruses. CT values between the indicated temperatures may be determined by linear interpolation. If no interpolation is used, use the CT99.9 value at the lower temperature for determining CT99.9 values between indicated temperatures.

2 The use of these alternative disinfectants shall be approved in accordance with the provisions of section 5-1.22 of this Subpart.

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TABLE 15-ENTRY POINT DISINFECTANT MONITORING FREQUENCY FOR SYSTEMS USING CHEMICAL DISINFECTION1

Water system source typePopulation servedSamples per day4
Surface water or ground water under the direct influence of surface water (GWUDI)2,3Up to 500 501 - 1,000 1,001 - 2,500 2,501 - 3,300 > 3,3001 2 3 4 Continuous monitoring required5
Ground water system or ground water source required to provide 4-log virus treatment and process compliance monitoring6,7,8 <=3,300 > 3,30019 Continuous monitoring required5
Ground Water System or ground water source with other than 4-log virus treatmentAny 19

1 See also Table 15A for distribution system disinfectant residual sampling locations and frequency depending on disinfectant used.

2 If at any time chlorine residual concentration falls below 0.2 mg/L at the entry point for a surface water or GWUDI system, the system must collect and analyze a grab sample every four hours until the chlorine residual concentration is again equal to or greater than 0.2 mg/L.

3 Entry point samples collected at Surface Water or GWUDI systems.

4 The day's grab samples may not be conducted at the same time.

5 If there is a failure in the continuous monitoring equipment, grab samples, every four hours, may be conducted in lieu of continuous monitoring, but for no more than five working days (14 working days for ground water systems) following the failure of the equipment.

6 If at any time the disinfectant concentration at a ground water system falls below the minimum required in the process compliance monitoring plan approved by the State, the system must collect and analyze a grab sample every four hours until the disinfectant residual concentration is again at or above minimum required levels, without exceeding other applicable concentration requirements in Table 3A.

7 Any ground water system required to provide 4-log virus treatment because of fecal contamination of the source or because of significant deficiencies in system operation, and using chemical disinfection, must demonstrate minimum disinfectant residual at a location that demonstrates adequate concentration to provide the required treatment at the first customer during peak flow according to the sampling plan developed for the system. These samples to confirm the minimum disinfection residual are to be collected at the frequency in this table.

8 Lowest daily concentration must be recorded on operation report.

9 A minimum of one disinfectant residual concentration must be recorded on operation report every day.

TABLE 15A-DISINFECTANT RESIDUAL MINIMUM DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM MONITORING REQUIREMENTS FOR SYSTEMS USING CHEMICAL DISINFECTION

DisinfectantType of water systemRoutine monitoring
ChlorineCommunity and nontransientSample at the same time and same points in
Chloraminesnoncommunitythe distribution system as total coliform
sampling.1
Chlorine dioxide2Community, nontransientDaily sample at the entrance to the
noncommunity and transientdistribution system3
noncommunity

1 Community Water Systems using surface water or ground water under the direct influence of surface water may use heterotrophic plate count results of equal to or less than 500 colonies per milliliter as equivalent to a free chlorine residual as outlined in table 11, footnote 5, in lieu of taking separate samples for disinfection residuals.

2 Monitoring is required if chlorine dioxide is used for either oxidation or disinfection.

3 If the Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level (MRDL) of 0.8 mg/L is exceeded, the system must take three samples in the distribution system on the following day. If chlorine dioxide or chloramines are used to maintain a disinfectant residual in the distribution system, or if chlorine is used and there are no rechlorination stations, the system must take three samples as close to the first customer as possible, at intervals of at least six hours. If chlorine is used and there is a rechlorination station, the system must take one sample as close to the first customer as possible, one sample representing average residence time, and one sample representing maximum residence time.

TABLE 16-ADDITIONAL CONTAMINANTS FOR WHICH REPORTING IS REQUIRED PURSUANT TO SECTION 5-1.72(e)-(h) OF THIS SUBPART

Contaminant name

2,4-dinitrotoluene

2,6-dinitrotoluene

DCPA monoacid

DCPA di acid

4.4'-DDE

EPTC

Molinate

MTBE

Nitrobenzene

Terbacil

Acetochlor

Perchlorate

Diuron

Linuron

Proneton

2,4,6-trichlorophenol

2,4-dichlorophenol

2,4-dinitrophenol

2-methyl-1-phenol

Alachlor ESA

1,2-diphenylhydrazine

Diazinon

Disulfoton

Fonofos

Terbufos

Aeromonas Hydrophilia

Polonium-210

RDX

Algae and toxins

Echoviruses

Coxsackie viruses

Helicobacter pylori

Microsporidia

Caliciviruses

Adenoviruses

Lead - 210

Napthalene

TABLE 17-INFORMATION COLLECTION RULE CONTAMINANT

REPORTING REQUIREMENTS

ContaminantReporting requirements for finished water
Total Trihalomethanes (chloroform, bronodichloromethane, dibronochloromethane, and bronoform)Report as a group if detected
Haleocetic acids (mono-,di-,and trichloroacetic acid, and mono- and di-bronoacetic acid)Report as a group if detected
Haloacetilenitriles (dichloro-,trichloro-,bromochloro-, and dibromoacetonitrile)Report as a group if detected
Haloketones (1,1-dichloropropanone and 1,1,1-trichloropropanine)Report as a group if detected
ChloropicrinReporting required if detected
Chloral HydrateReporting required if detected
Total Organic HalidesReporting required if detected
Disinfectant residualReporting required if detected
Cyanogen ChlorideReport if detected and treatment plant uses Chloramines
ChlorateReport if detected and treatment plant uses Hypochlorite solutions
Bromate, AldehydesReport if detected and treatment plant uses Ozone
Chlorine Dioxide residual, Chlorite, Chlorate, Bromate, AldehydesReport if detected and treatment plant uses Chlorine Dioxide
Total coliformsReport if detected
Fecal coliforms or Escherichia coliReport if detected
GardiaReport if detected
Total culturable virusesReport if detected

N.Y. Comp. Codes R. & Regs. Tit. 10 §§ 5-1.52

Amended New York State Register January 17, 2018 /Volume XL, Issue 03, eff. 1/17/2018
Amended New York State Register May 16, 2018/Volume XL, Issue 20, eff. 5/16/2018
Amended New York State Register August 26, 2020/Volume XLII, Issue 34, eff. 8/26/2020
Amended New York State Register December 28, 2022/Volume XLIV, Issue 52, eff. 12/28/2022