N.M. Code R. § 4.10.16.8
Test excavation is the planned examination of a portion of an archaeological site to obtain more detailed and accurate information about the characteristics and integrity of surface and subsurface cultural deposits, the distribution and density of material remains and the types of data present. Conduct test excavations to assess the research potential of the site to contribute to the knowledge of the heritage of the state, to make a determination whether the site should be listed on the state register or should be determined eligible for national register listing, or to serve as the basis for developing an excavation plan for the site without additional test excavations. Test excavation shall be designed to meet these objectives with the least possible impact to the archaeological site and without substantially damaging or diminishing the integrity of the cultural deposits and the values and attributes of the site that contribute to its significance.
N.M. Code R. § 4.10.16.8