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Michigan Administrative Code
Department - Environmental QualityDrinking Water And Municipal Assistance DivisionSupplying Water to the Public
Part 4 - PUBLIC NOTIFICATION AND PUBLIC EDUCATION
Section R. 325.10401a - General public notification requirements

Mich. Admin. Code R. 325.10401a

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Current through Vol. 24-19, November 1, 2024
Section R. 325.10401a - General public notification requirements

Rule 401a.

(1) Each community water supply, nontransient noncommunity water supply, or transient noncommunity water supply shall give notice for violations of the maximum contaminant level (MCL), maximum residual disinfection level (MRDL), treatment technique (TT), monitoring requirements, testing procedures in these rules, and for other situations, as listed in the following provisions:
(a) Violations and other situations requiring public notice, including all of the following:
(i) Failure to comply with an applicable maximum contaminant level (MCL) or maximum residual disinfectant level (MRDL).
(ii) Failure to comply with a prescribed treatment technique (TT).
(iii) Failure to perform water quality monitoring, as required by part 7 of these rules.
(iv) Failure to comply with testing procedures as prescribed by part 6 of these rules.
(b) Variances and exemptions under part 3 of these rules, including both of the following:
(i) Operation under a variance or an exemption.
(ii) Failure to comply with the requirements of a schedule that has been set under a variance or exemption.
(c) Special public notices, including all of the following:
(i) Occurrence of a waterborne disease outbreak or other waterborne emergency.
(ii) Exceedance of the nitrate MCL by noncommunity water supplies, where granted permission by the department.
(iii) Fluoride level above 2.0 mg/l as specified in R 325.10408a.
(iv) Availability of unregulated contaminant monitoring data.
(v) Other violations and situations that are determined by the department to require a public notice under this part and that are not already listed in table 1 of this rule.

The tier assignment for each specific violation or situation requiring a public notice is identified in table 1 of this rule. Community and noncommunity water supplies are also considered "water supplies" or "supplies" in this rule, R 325.10402 to R 325.10407, and R 325.10408a to R 325.10409.

(2) Public notice requirements are divided into 3 tiers to take into account the seriousness of the violation or situation and of the potential adverse health effects that may be involved. The public notice requirements for each violation or situation listed in subrule (1) of this rule are determined by the tier to which the violation or situation is assigned. The definition of each tier is provided in the following provisions:
(a) Tier 1 public notice is required for violations and situations that have significant potential to have serious adverse effects on human health as a result of short term exposure.
(b) Tier 2 public notice is required for all other violations and situations that have potential to have serious adverse effects on human health.
(c) Tier 3 public notice is required for all other violations and situations not included in tier 1 and tier 2. The tier assignment for each specific violation or situation is identified in table 1 of this rule.
(3) Supplies shall provide public notice to the following:
(a) Each supply shall provide public notice to persons served by the supply as specified in this part. Supplies that sell or otherwise provide drinking water to other public water supplies, such as to consecutive supplies, shall give public notice to the consecutive supply. The consecutive supply shall provide public notice to the persons it serves.
(b) If a public water supply has a violation in a portion of the distribution system that is physically or hydraulically isolated from other parts of the distribution system, then the department may grant permission, which must be in writing, to the supply to limit distribution of the public notice to only persons served by that portion of the system that is out of compliance. To be considered physically isolated, the supply shall show that the affected portion of the distribution system is separated from other parts of the distribution system with no interconnections. To be considered hydraulically isolated, the supply shall show that the design of the distribution system or the system operation, or both, created a situation where water in the affected portion is effectively isolated from the water in all other parts of the distribution system because of projected water flow patterns and water pressure zones.
(4) The supply, within 10 days of completing the public notification requirements under this part for the initial public notice and applicable repeat notices, shall submit to the department a certification that it fully complied with the public notification regulations. The supply shall include with this certification a representative copy of each type of notice distributed, published, posted, and made available to the persons served by the supply and to the media.

Table 1 Violations and other situations requiring public notice

Contaminant

MCL/MRDL/TT violations 1

Monitoring, testing, & reporting procedure violations

Tier of public notice required

Citation

Tier of public notice required

Citation

I. Violations of MCL, MRDL, treatment technique, monitoring and reporting, and testing procedure requirements:

A. Microbiological contaminants

Total coliform until March 31, 2016

2

R 325.10602(1)(a) and (b)

3

R 325.10704 to R 325.10707a

R 325.10702(2)

R 325.10707b(4)

Total coliform (TT violations resulting from failure to perform assessments or corrective actions, monitoring violations, and reporting violations) beginning April 1, 2016

2

R 325.10704j(2)(a)

3

R 325.10704j(3)

R 325.10704j(4)(a)

Seasonal supply failure to follow department-approved start-up plan before serving water to the public or failure to provide certification to the department beginning April 1, 2016

2

R 325.10704j(2)(b)

3

R 325.10704j(4)(c)

Fecal coliform/E. coli until March 31, 2016

1

R 325.10602(1)(c)

1, 3 2

R 325.10704(3)

R 325.10707b(4)

E. coli (MCL, monitoring, and reporting violations) beginning April 1, 2016

1

R 325.10704j(1)

3

R 325.10704j(3)(b)

R 325.10704j(4)(a)

R 325.10704j(4)(b)

E. coli (TT violations resulting from failure to perform level 2 assessments or corrective action) beginning April 1, 2016

2

R 325.10704j(2)(a)

n/a

n/a

Turbidity (for TT violations resulting from a single exceedance of maximum allowable turbidity level)

2, 1 3

R 325.10611b

3

R 325.10605

R 325.10720(2)(a) and (b)

Violations, other than violations resulting from single exceedance of max. allowable turbidity level (TT)

2

R 325.10611,

R 325.10611a, and

R 325.10611b

3

R 325.10605

R 325.10720(2)(c) and (d)

Violations of disinfection profiling and benchmarking

N/A

N/A

3

R 325.10722

Violations of filter backwash recycling provisions

2

R 325.10611c

3

R 325.11507

Violations of enhanced treatment for cryptosporidium

2

R 325.10611e to

R 325.10611m

2, 3

40 CFR 141.701 to 141.705, as adopted by reference in R 325.10720b, R 325.10720c and R 325.10720d.

Failure to collect 3 or more samples for Cryptosporidium analysis is a tier 2 violation requiring special notice as required in R 325.10408d. All other monitoring and testing procedure violations are tier 3.

Violations of rules for ground water supplies subject to R 325.10612

2

R 325.10612b

3

R 325.10739(7)

R 325.10739a(5)

B. Inorganic chemicals (IOC)

Antimony

2

R 325.10604c(1)

3

R 325.10710(4) and (5)

Arsenic

2

R 325.10604c(1)

3

R 325.10710(4) and (5)

R 325.10605

Asbestos (fibers longer than 10 µm)

2

R 325.10604c(1)

3

R 325.10710(4), (6)

Barium

2

R 325.10604c(1)

3

R 325.10710(4) and (5)

Beryllium

2

R 325.10604c(1)

3

R 325.10710(4) and (5)

Cadmium

2

R 325.10604c(1)

3

R 325.10710(4) and (5)

Chromium (total)

2

R 325.10604c(1)

3

R 325.10710(4) and (5)

Cyanide (free)

2

R 325.10604c(1)

3

R 325.10710(4) and (5)

Fluoride

2

R 325.10604c(1)

3

R 325.10710(4) and (5)

Mercury (inorganic)

2

R 325.10604c(1)

3

R 325.10710(4) and (5)

Nitrate (as nitrogen)

1

R 325.10604c(1)

1, 3 4

R 325.10710(3), (4), (7), and (9)(b)

Nitrite (as nitrogen)

1

R 325.10604c(1)

1, 3 4

R 325.10710(3), (4), (8), and (9)(b)

Total nitrate and nitrite (as nitrogen)

1

R 325.10604c(1)

3

R 325.10710(4)

Selenium

2

R 325.10604c(1)

3

R 325.10710(4) and (5)

Thallium

2

R 325.10604c(1)

3

R 325.10710(4) and (5)

C. Lead and copper (action level for lead is 0.015 mg/l through December 31, 2024 and 0.012 mg/l beginning January 1, 2025; action level for copper is 1.3 mg/l)

Lead and copper rule (TT)

2

R 325.10604f(1) - (5)

R 325.10410(2) and (3)

3

R 325.10710a to

R 325.10710c and

R 325.10605

D. Synthetic organic chemicals (SOC)

2,4-D

2

R 325.10604d(1)

3

R 325.10717

2,4,5-TP (silvex)

2

R 325.10604d(1)

3

R 325.10717

Alachlor

2

R 325.10604d(1)

3

R 325.10717

Atrazine

2

R 325.10604d(1)

3

R 325.10717

Benzo(a)pyrene (PAHs)

2

R 325.10604d(1)

3

R 325.10717

Carbofuran

2

R 325.10604d(1)

3

R 325.10717

Chlordane

2

R 325.10604d(1)

3

R 325.10717

Dalapon

2

R 325.10604d(1)

3

R 325.10717

Di (2-ethylhexyl) adipate

2

R 325.10604d(1)

3

R 325.10717

Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate

2

R 325.10604d(1)

3

R 325.10717

Dibromochloropropane

2

R 325.10604d(1)

3

R 325.10717

Dinoseb

2

R 325.10604d(1)

3

R 325.10717

Dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD)

2

R 325.10604d(1)

3

R 325.10717

Diquat

2

R 325.10604d(1)

3

R 325.10717

Endothall

2

R 325.10604d(1)

3

R 325.10717

Endrin

2

R 325.10604d(1)

3

R 325.10717

Ethylene dibromide

2

R 325.10604d(1)

3

R 325.10717

Glyphosate

2

R 325.10604d(1)

3

R 325.10717

Heptachlor

2

R 325.10604d(1)

3

R 325.10717

Heptachlor epoxide

2

R 325.10604d(1)

3

R 325.10717

Hexachlorobenzene

2

R 325.10604d(1)

3

R 325.10717

Hexachlorocyclo-pentadiene

2

R 325.10604d(1)

3

R 325.10717

Lindane

2

R 325.10604d(1)

3

R 325.10717

Methoxychlor

2

R 325.10604d(1)

3

R 325.10717

Oxamyl (vydate)

2

R 325.10604d(1)

3

R 325.10717

Pentachlorophenol

2

R 325.10604d(1)

3

R 325.10717

Picloram

2

R 325.10604d(1)

3

R 325.10717

Polychlorinated biphenyls [PCBs]

2

R 325.10604d(1)

3

R 325.10717

Simazine

2

R 325.10604d(1)

3

R 325.10717

Toxaphene

2

R 325.10604d(1)

3

R 325.10717

E. Volatile organic chemicals (VOC)

Benzene

2

R 325.10604b(1)

3

R 325.10716

Carbon tetrachloride

2

R 325.10604b(1)

3

R 325.10716

Chlorobenzene (monochloro-benzene)

2

R 325.10604b(1)

3

R 325.10716

O-dichlorobenzene

2

R 325.10604b(1)

3

R 325.10716

P-dichlorobenzene

2

R 325.10604b(1)

3

R 325.10716

1,2-dichloroethane

2

R 325.10604b(1)

3

R 325.10716

1,1-dichloroethylene

2

R 325.10604b(1)

3

R 325.10716

Cis-1,2-dichloroethylene

2

R 325.10604b(1)

3

R 325.10716

Trans-1,2-dichloroethylene

2

R 325.10604b(1)

3

R 325.10716

Dichloromethane

2

R 325.10604b(1)

3

R 325.10716

1,2-dichloropropane

2

R 325.10604b(1)

3

R 325.10716

Ethylbenzene

2

R 325.10604b(1)

3

R 325.10716

Styrene

2

R 325.10604b(1)

3

R 325.10716

Tetrachloro-ethylene

2

R 325.10604b(1)

3

R 325.10716

Toluene

2

R 325.10604b(1)

3

R 325.10716

1,2,4-trichlorobenzene

2

R 325.10604b(1)

3

R 325.10716

1,1,1-trichloroethane

2

R 325.10604b(1)

3

R 325.10716

1,1,2-trichloroethane

2

R 325.10604b(1)

3

R 325.10716

Trichloroethylene

2

R 325.10604b(1)

3

R 325.10716

Vinyl chloride

2

R 325.10604b(1)

3

R 325.10716

Xylenes (total)

2

R 325.10604b(1)

3

R 325.10716

F. per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)

Hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA)

2

R 325.10604g(1)

3

R 325.10717d

Perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBS)

2

R 325.10604g(1)

3

R 325.10717d

Perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS)

2

R 325.10604g(1)

3

R 325.10717d

Perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA)

2

R 325.10604g(1)

3

R 325.10717d

Perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA)

2

R 325.10604g(1)

3

R 325.10717d

Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS)

2

R 325.10604g(1)

3

R 325.10717d

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA)

2

R 325.10604g(1)

3

R 325.10717d

G. Radioactive contaminants

Beta/photon emitters

2

R 325.10603(2)(c)

3

R 325.10605

R 325.10725

R 325.10730

Alpha emitters (gross alpha)

2

R 325.10603(2)(b)

3

R 325.10605

R 325.10725

R 325.10726

R 325.10728

R 325.10729

Combined radium (226 & 228)

2

R 325.10603(2)(a)

3

R 325.10605

R 325.10725

R 325.10726

R 325.10728

R 325.10729

Uranium (pCi/L)

2

R 325.10603(2)(d)

3

R 325.10605

R 325.10725

R 325.10726

R 325.10728

R 325.10729

H. Disinfection byproducts (DBP), byproduct precursors, disinfectant residuals. Where disinfection is used in the treatment of drinking water, disinfectants combine with organic and inorganic matter present in water to form chemicals called disinfection byproducts (DBP). The department sets standards for controlling the levels of disinfectants and DBPs in drinking water, including trihalomethanes (THM) and haloacetic acids (HAA). See R 325.10610 to R 325.10610d, and R 325.10719e to R 325.10719n for disinfection byproduct MCLs, disinfectant MRDLs, and related monitoring requirements.

Total trihalomethanes (TTHM)

2

R 325.10610(2)

R 325.10610b(2)(a)

3

R 325.10610d,

R 325.10719e(1) and (2)(a), and

R 325.10719h to

R 325.10719n

Haloacetic acids (HAA)

2

R 325.10610(2)

R 325.10610b(2)(a)

3

R 325.10610d,

R 325.10719e(1) and (2)(a), and

R 325.10719h to

R 325.10719n

Bromate

2

R 325.10610

R 325.10610b(2)(b)

3

R 325.10719e(1) and (2)(c)

Chloramine (MRDL)

2

R 325.10610a

R 325.10610b(3)(a)

3

R 325.10719e(1) and (3)

Chlorine (MRDL)

2

R 325.10610a

R 325.10610b(3)(a)

3

R 325.10719e(1) and (3)

Chlorite

2

R 325.10610

R 325.10610b(2)(c)

3

R 325.10719e(1) and (2)(b)

Chlorine dioxide (MRDL), where any 2 consecutive daily samples at entrance to distribution system only are above MRDL

2

R 325.10610a

R 325.10610b(3)(b)(ii)

2 *, 3

R 325.10719e(1), (3)(b)(i) and (iii)

* Failure to monitor for chlorine dioxide at the entrance to the distribution system the day after exceeding the MRDL at the entrance to the distribution system is a tier 2 violation.

Chlorine dioxide (MRDL), where sample(s) in distribution system the next day are also above MRDL

1 *

R 325.10610a

R 325.10610b(3)(b)(i)

1

R 325.10719e(1), (3)(b)(ii) and (iii)

* If any daily sample taken at the entrance to the distribution system exceeds the MRDL for chlorine dioxide and 1 or more samples taken in the distribution system the next day exceed the MRDL, tier 1 notification is required. Failure to take the required samples in the distribution system after the MRDL is exceeded at the entry point also triggers tier 1 notification.

Control of DBP precursors-TOC (TT)

2

R 325.10610b(4)

R 325.10610c

3

R 325.10719e(1) and (4)

Bench marking and disinfection profiling

N/A

N/A

3

R 325.10722

Development of monitoring plan

N/A

N/A

3

R 325.10719e(5)

I. Other treatment techniques

Acrylamide (TT)

2

R 325.10604e

N/A

N/A

Epichlorohydrin (TT)

2

R 325.10604e

N/A

N/A

II. Other monitoring:

Unregulated contaminants

N/A

N/A

3

40 CFR 141.405

Nickel

N/A

N/A

3

R 325.10710(4), (5), and (9)

III. Public notification for variances and exemptions:

Operation under a variance or exemption

3

R 325.10302

N/A

N/A

Violation of conditions of a variance or exemption

2

R 325.10312

N/A

N/A

IV. Other situations requiring public notification:

Fluoride level above 2.0 mg/l

3

R 325.10408a(1)

N/A

N/A

Exceedance of nitrate MCL for noncommunity supplies, as allowed by the department

1

R 325.10604c(3)

N/A

N/A

Availability of unregulated contaminant monitoring data

3

R 325.10407

N/A

N/A

Waterborne disease outbreak

1

R 325.10734(4)

N/A

N/A

Source water sample positive for fecal indicator: E.coli, enterococci, or coliphage

1

R 325.10739(6)

N/A

N/A

Other waterborne emergencies and other situations as determined by the department

1 or 2 or 3 *

N/A

N/A

N/A

* Waterborne emergencies require a tier 1 public notice. The department may place other situations in any tier it determines appropriate, based on threat to public health.

1MCL - Maximum contaminant level, MRDL - maximum residual disinfectant level, TT -treatment technique.

2Failure to test for fecal coliform or E. coli is a tier 1 violation if testing is not done after any repeat sample tests positive for coliform. All other total coliform monitoring and testing procedure violations are tier 3.

3Supplies with treatment technique violations involving a single exceedance of a maximum turbidity limit under R 325.10611b(1) are required to initiate consultation with the department within 24 hours after learning of the violation. Based on this consultation, the department may subsequently decide to elevate the violation to tier 1. If a supply is unable to make contact with the department in the 24-hour period, the violation is automatically elevated to tier 1.

4Failure to take a confirmation sample within 24 hours for nitrate or nitrite after an initial sample exceeds the MCL is a tier 1 violation. Other monitoring violations for nitrate are tier 3.

540 CFR 141.40, which pertains to unregulated contaminant monitoring, is contained in Title 40 CFR parts 136 to 149 and is available for purchase for $67.00 from the superintendent of documents at the address in R 325.10116. The material is available for inspection from the offices of the department at the address in R 325.10116(a) or available on the internet at http://www.ecfr.gov/.

Mich. Admin. Code R. 325.10401a

2003 AACS; 2005 AACS; 2009 AACS; 2015 AACS; 2018 AACS; 2020 MR 14, Eff. 8/3/2020