401 Ky. Admin. Regs. 59:214

Current through Register Vol. 51, No. 4, October 1, 2024

Section 401 KAR 59:214 - New factory surface coating operations of flat wood paneling

RELATES TO: KRS 224.20-100, 224.20-110, 224.20-120, 40 C.F.R. 60 Appendix A (Method 24), 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq., 7407, 7408, 7410

NECESSITY, FUNCTION, AND CONFORMITY: KRS 224.10-100 requires the Environmental and Public Protection Cabinet to prescribe administrative regulations for the prevention, abatement and control of air pollution. 42 USC 7410 likewise requires the state to implement standards for national primary and secondary ambient air quality. This administrative regulation provides for the control of volatile organic compound emissions from new factory surface coating operations of flat wood paneling.

Section 1. Definitions. As used in this administrative regulation, all terms not defined in this section shall have the meaning given to them in 401 KAR 59:001.

(1) "Affected facility" means a coating line for the factory surface coating of interior flat wood paneling.

(2) "Applicator" means the mechanism or device used to apply the coating including but not limited to: roll coaters, curtain coaters, sprays and brushes.

(3) "Flash-off area" means the space between the applicator and the oven.

(4) "Coating line" means a series of equipment or operations used to apply, dry, or cure coatings containing volatile organic compounds (VOCs). This shall include, but is not limited to:

(a) Mixing operations;

(b) Process storage;

(c) Applicators;

(d) Drying operations including, but not limited to, flash-off area evaporation, oven drying, baking, curing, and polymerization;

(e) Clean up operations;

(f) Leaks, spills and disposal of VOCs;

(g) Processing and handling of recovered VOCs;

(h) For the purposes of determining compliance with this administrative regulation, if equipment or an operation is considered to be a part of more than one (1) coating line, its VOC emissions shall be assigned to each coating line of which it is a part proportionally to the throughput of VOC it receives from or distributes to each coating line;

(i) If a portion of the series of equipment or operations qualifies for an exemption according to Section 6 of this administrative regulation, then that portion shall be considered to be a separate coating line;

(5) "Process storage" means mixing tanks, holding tanks, and other tanks, drums, or containers which contain surface coatings, VOCs, or recovered VOCs; but does not mean storage tanks of petroleum liquids which are subject to 401 KAR 59:050, 401 KAR 59:052, or 401 KAR 61:050.

(6) "Interior flat wood paneling" means printed interior wall panels made of hardwood plywood and thin particle board, natural finish hardwood plywood panels, or hardboard paneling with Class II finishes.

(7) "Printed panels" means panels whose grain or natural surface is obscured by fillers and base-coats upon which a simulated grain or decorative pattern is printed.

(8) "Hardwood plywood" means plywood whose surface layer is a veneer of hardwood.

(9) "Particle board" means a manufactured board made of individual wood particles which have been coated with a binder and formed into flat sheets by pressure. Thin particle board has a thickness of one-fourth (1/4) inch or less.

(10) "Natural finish hardwood plywood panels" means panels whose original grain pattern is enhanced by essentially transparent finishes frequently supplemented by fillers and toners.

(11) "Hardboard" means a panel manufactured primarily from interfelted lignocellulosic fibers which are consolidated under heat and pressure in a hot-press.

(12) "Class II hardboard paneling finishes" means finishes which meet the specifications of Voluntary Product Standard PS-59-73, which has been incorporated by reference in 401 KAR 50:015, as approved by the American National Standards Institute.

(13) "Classification date" means February 4, 1981.

(14) "VOCs net input" means the total amount of VOCs input to the affected facility minus the amount of VOCs that are not emitted into the atmosphere. VOCs that are prevented from being emitted to the atmosphere by the use of control devices shall not be subtracted from the total for the purposes of determining VOCs net input. If the nature of an operation or a design of equipment permits more than one (1) interpretation of this definition, the interpretation that results in the minimum value for allowable emissions shall apply.

Section 2. Applicability.

(1) This administrative regulation shall apply to:

(a) Each affected facility commenced on or after the classification date defined in Section 1 of this administrative regulation and located in a county or a portion of a county designated as nonattain-ment for ozone in 401 KAR 51:010, for any classification except marginal; and

(b) Each affected facility commenced on or after June 24, 1992 which is part of a major source located in a county or portion of a county designated attainment or marginal nonattainment for ozone in 401 KAR 51:010.

(2) Each affected facility commenced on or after the classification date defined in Section 1 of this administrative regulation but prior to June 24, 1992 which is a part of a major source located in a county or portion of a county designated attainment or marginally nonattainment for ozone in 401 KAR 51:010 shall be exempt from this administrative regulation except that control devices and procedures required at the time it commenced shall continue to be operated and maintained.

Section 3. Standard for VOCs. No person shall cause, allow, or permit an affected facility to discharge into the atmosphere more than fifteen (15) percent by weight of the VOCs net input into the affected facility.

Section 4. Compliance.

(1) In all cases the design of a control system is subject to approval by the cabinet.

(2) Compliance with the standard in Section 3 of this administrative regulation shall be demonstrated by a material balance unless the cabinet determines that a material balance is not possible. If a material balance is not possible, compliance shall be determined based upon an engineering analysis by the cabinet of: the control system design, control device efficiency, control system capture efficiency, and other factors that could influence the performance of the system. If requested by the cabinet, performance tests specified by the cabinet shall be conducted to determine the efficiency of the control device. Capture efficiency shall be determined by procedures specified in 401 KAR 50:047 in all ozone nonattainment areas except marginal.

(3) With the prior approval of the cabinet, the owner or operator may elect to effect all changes necessary to qualify for an exemption under Section 6 of this administrative regulation.

(4) If deemed necessary by the cabinet, the cabinet shall obtain samples of the coatings used at an affected facility to verify that the coatings meet the requirements in Section 6 of this administrative regulation. Appendix A to 40 C.F.R. 60, Method 24, which has been incorporated by reference in 401 KAR 50:015, shall be used as applicable to determine compliance of the coatings unless the cabinet determines that other methods would be more appropriate. Case-by-case alternatives approved by the cabinet, but not previously authorized by the U.S. EPA, shall be submitted to the U.S. EPA as a SIP revision.

(5) Compliance on one (1) coating line with VOC emission limits shall be based on an averaging period not to exceed twenty-four (24) hours. If it is not economically or technically feasible to determine emissions on a daily basis, alternatives expressing emission limits for longer averaging times may be accepted if approved by the cabinet. Case-by-case alternatives approved by the cabinet, but not previously authorized by the U.S. EPA, shall be submitted to the U.S. EPA as a SIP revision.

(6) The amount of exempt solvents shall be subtracted from the amount of coatings, just like water, with the ultimate value of interest being the mass of VOC per unit volume of coating less exempt solvent or water or both.

(7) Calculations to determine equivalency on one (1) coating line shall be based on mass of VOC per volume of solids.

(8) Daily records shall be maintained by the source for the most recent two (2) year period. These records shall be made available to the cabinet or the U.S. EPA upon request. The records shall include, but not be limited to, the following:

(a) Applicable administrative regulation number;

(b) Application method and substrate type;

(c) Amount and type of adhesive, coating (including catalyst and reducer for multicomponent coatings), or solvent used at each point of application, including exempt compounds;

(d) The VOC content as applied in each adhesive, coating, or solvent;

(e) The date for each application of adhesive, coating, or solvent;

(f) The amount of surface preparation, cleanup, or washup solvent (including exempt compounds) used and the VOC content of each; and

(g) Oven temperature, if applicable.

Section 5. Compliance Timetable.

(1) Affected facilities which were subject to this administrative regulation as in effect on February 4, 1981, shall have achieved final compliance upon start-up.

(2) The owner or operator of an affected facility that, on or after June 24, 1992, becomes subject to this administrative regulation for a reason other than construction, modification, or reconstruction shall be required to complete the following:

(a) Submit a final control plan for achieving compliance with this administrative regulation no later than nine (9) months after the date the affected facility becomes subject to this administrative regulation.

(b) Award a contract for the control system or for the exempt coatings and any accompanying process change no later than eleven (11) months after the date the affected facility becomes subject to this administrative regulation.

(c) Initiate on-site construction or installation of emission control equipment or process changes for exempt coatings no later than thirteen (13) months after the date the affected facility becomes subject to this administrative regulation.

(d) On-site construction or installation of emission control equipment or process changes for exempt coatings shall be completed no later than seventeen (17) months after the date the affected facility becomes subject to this administrative regulation.

(e) Final compliance shall be achieved no later than eighteen (18) months after the date the affected facility becomes subject to this administrative regulation.

(f) If an affected facility becomes subject to this administrative regulation because it is located in a county previously designated nonurban nonattainment or redesignated in 401 KAR 51:010 after November 15, 1990, final compliance may be extended to May 31, 1995, and the schedule in paragraphs (a) through (d) of this subsection adjusted by the cabinet.

Section 6. Exemptions.

(1) An affected facility shall be exempt from Section 3 of this administrative regulation if the total VOC content of all the coatings applied to a specific area of finished paneling product is:

(a) Less than two and nine-tenths (2.9) kg of VOCs per 100 sq. m. of coated surface (six (6.0) lb/1,000 sq. ft.) for printed interior wall panels made of hardwood plywood and thin particle board;

(b) Less than five and eight-tenths (5.8) kg of VOCs per 100 sq. m. of coated surface (twelve (12.0) lb/1,000 sq. ft.) for natural finish hardwood plywood panels; or

(c) Less than four and eight-tenths (4.8) kg of VOCs per 100 sq. m. of coated surface (ten (10.0) lb/1,000 sq. ft.) for Class II finishes for hardboard paneling.

(2) Low-use coatings shall be exempt from Section 3 of this administrative regulation if the plant-wide consumption of these coatings in the aggregate is less than or equal to fifty-five (55) gallons during the previous twelve (12) months.

(3) An affected facility shall be exempt from this administrative regulation if the total VOC emissions from all affected facilities subject to this administrative regulation are less than or equal to:

(a) Three (3) lb/hour actual emissions before add-on control;

(b) Fifteen (15) lb/day actual emissions before add-on control; or

(c) Ten (10) tons per year theoretical potential emissions based on design capacity (or maximum production) and 8760 hr/yr before add-on control.

401 KAR 59:214

7 Ky.R. 369; 540; eff. 2-4-1981; 18 Ky.R. 2629; 2943; 3346; eff. 6-24-1992; TAm eff. 8-9-2007; Crt eff. 11-21-2018; TAm 2-14-2019.

STATUTORY AUTHORITY: KRS 224.10-100