Section 11-20-45.2 - Initial Distribution System Evaluations(a) General requirements.(1) The requirements of this section constitute national primary drinking water regulations. The regulations in this section establish monitoring and other requirements for identifying Stage 2 Disinfection Byproduct compliance monitoring locations for determining compliance with maximum contaminant levels for total trihalomethanes (TTHM) and haloacetic acids (five)(HAA5). You must use an Initial Distribution System Evaluation (IDSE) to determine locations with representative high TTHM and HAA5 concentrations throughout your distribution system. IDSEs are used in conjunction with, but separate from, section 11-20-45.1 compliance monitoring, to identify and select Stage 2 Disinfection Byproduct compliance monitoring locations.(2) Applicability. You are subject to these requirements if your system is a community water system that uses a primary or residual disinfectant other than ultraviolet light or delivers water that has been treated with a primary or residual disinfectant other than ultraviolet light; or if your system is a nontransient noncommunity water system that serves at least 10,000 people and uses a primary or residual disinfectant other than ultraviolet light or delivers water that has been treated with a primary or residual disinfectant other than ultraviolet light.(3) Schedule. You must comply with the requirements of this section on the schedule in the following table. If you serve this population | You must submit your standard monitoring plan or system specific study plan1 or 40/30 certificati on2 to the State by or receive very small system waiver from the State | You must complete your standard monitoring or system specific study by | You must submit your IDSE report to the State by3 |
|
Systems that are not part of a combined distribution system and systems that serve the largest population in the combined distribution system |
>=100,000 | October 1, 2006 | September 30, 2008 | January 1, 2009 |
50,000-99,999 | April 1, 2007 | March 31, 2009 | July 1, 2009 |
10,000-49,999 | October 1, 2007 | September 30, 2009 | January 1, 2010 |
<10,000(CWS only) | April 1, 2008 | March 31, 2010 | July 1, 2010 |
|
Other systems that are part of a combined distribution system |
Wholesale system or consecutive system | -at the same time as the system with the earliest compliance date in the combined distribution system | -at the same time as the system with the earliest compliance date in the combined distribution system | -at the same time as the system with the earliest compliance date in the combined distribution system |
1If, within 12 months after the date identified in this column, the State does not approve your plan or notify you that it has not yet completed its review, you may consider the plan that you submitted as approved. You must implement that plan and you must complete standard monitoring or a system specific study no later than the date identified in the third column.
2You must submit your 40/30 certification under subsection (d) by the date indicated.
3If, within three months after the date identified in this column (nine months after the date identified in this column if you must comply on the schedule with a service population of between 10,000 and 49,999), the State does not approve your IDSE report or notify you that it has not yet completed its review, you may consider the report that you submitted as approved and you must implement the recommended Stage 2 Disinfection Byproduct monitoring as required.
For the purpose of the schedule in this paragraph, the State may determine that the combined distribution system does not include certain consecutive systems based on factors such as receiving water from a wholesale system only on an emergency basis or receiving only a small percentage and small volume of water from a wholesale system. The State may also determine that the combined distribution system does not include certain wholesale systems based on factors such as delivering water to a consecutive system only on an emergency basis or delivering only a small percentage and small volume of water to a consecutive system.
(4) You must conduct standard monitoring that meets the requirements in subsection (b), or a system specific study that meets the requirements in subsection (c), or certify to the State that you meet 40/30 certification criteria under subsection (d), or qualify for a very small system waiver under subsection (e). (A) You must have taken the full complement of routine TTHM and HAA5 compliance samples required of a system with your population and source water under section 11-20-45.1 (or you must have taken the full complement of reduced TTHM and HAA5 compliance samples required of a system with your population and source water under section 11-20-45.1 if you meet reduced monitoring criteria under section 1-20-45.1) during the period specified in paragraph (d)(1) to meet the 40/30 certification criteria in subsection (d). You must have taken TTHM and HAA5 samples under subsections 11-20-45.1(b) and (c) to be eligible for the very small system waiver in subsection (e).(B) If you have not taken the required samples, you must conduct standard monitoring that meets the requirements in subsection (b), or a system specific study that meets the requirements in subsection (c).(5) You must use only the analytical methods specified in subsection 11-20-45.1(b), or otherwise approved by EPA for monitoring under this section, to demonstrate compliance with the requirements of this section. (6) IDSE results will not be used for the purpose of determining compliance with MCLs in section 11-20-4.1. (b) Standard monitoring. (1) Your standard monitoring plan must comply with subparagraphs (A) through (D). You must prepare and submit your standard monitoring plan to the State according to the schedule following subsection (a)(3).(A) Your standard monitoring plan must include a schematic of your distribution system (including distribution system entry points and their sources, and storage facilities), with notes indicating locations and dates of all projected standard monitoring, and all projected section 11-20-45.1 compliance monitoring.(B) Your standard monitoring plan must include justification of standard monitoring location selection and a summary of data you relied on to justify standard monitoring location selection.(C) Your standard monitoring plan must specify the population served and system type (subpart H or ground water).(D) You must retain a complete copy of your standard monitoring plan submitted under this paragraph, including any State modification of your standard monitoring plan, for as long as you are required to retain your IDSE report under subparagraph (3)(D).(2) Standard monitoring requirements. (A) You must monitor as indicated in the table in this subparagraph. You must collect dual sample sets at each monitoring location. One sample in the dual sample set must be analyzed for TTHM. The other sample in the dual sample set must be analyzed for HAA5. You must conduct one monitoring period during the peak historical month for TTHM levels or HAA5 levels or the month of warmest water temperature. You must review available compliance, study, or operational data to determine the peak historical month for TTHM or HAA5 levels or warmest water temperature. Source water type | Population size category | Monitoring periods and sampling frequency | Distribution system monitoring locations1 |
Total per monitoring period | Near entry points | Average residence time | High TTHM | High HAA5 |
| | | | | | | |
Subpart H | <500 consecutive systems | One (during peak historical month) 2 | 2 | 1 | | 1 | |
| <500 non -consecutive systems | | 2 | | | 1 | 1 |
| 500-3,300 consecutive systems | Four (every 90 days) | 2 | 1 | | 1 | |
| 500-3,300 non -consecutive systems | | 2 | | | 1 | 1 |
| 3,301-9,999 | | 2 | | 1 | 2 | 1 |
| 10,000 -49,999 | Six (every 60 days) | 4 | | 2 | 3 | 2 |
| 50,000 -249,999 | | 16 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 4 |
| 250,000 -999,999 | | 24 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 6 |
| 1,000,000 -4,999,999 | | 32 | 6 | 8 | 10 | 8 |
| >=5,000,000 | | 40 | 8 | 10 | 12 | 10 |
Ground water | <500 consecutive systems | One (during peak historical month) 2 | 2 | 1 | | 1 | |
| <500 non -consecutive systems | | 2 | | | 1 | 1 |
| 500-9,999 | Four (every 90 days) | 2 | | | 1 | 1 |
| 10,000 -99,999 | | 6 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 |
| 100,000 -499,999 | | 8 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 |
| >=500,000 | | 12 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 4 |
1A dual sample set (i.e. a TTHM and an HAA5 sample) must be taken at each monitoring location during each monitoring period.
2The peak historical month is the month with the highest TTHM or HAA5 levels or the warmest water temperature
(B) You must take samples at locations other than the existing section 11-20-45.1 monitoring locations. Monitoring locations must be distributed throughout the distribution system.(C) If the number of entry points to the distribution system is fewer than the specified number of entry point monitoring locations, excess entry point samples must be replaced equally at high TTHM and HAA5 locations. If there is an odd extra location number, you must take a sample at a high TTHM location. If the number of entry points to the distribution system is more than the specified number of entry point monitoring locations, you must take samples at entry points to the distribution system having the highest annual water flows. (D) Your monitoring under this paragraph may not be reduced under the provisions of section 11-20-16.(3) IDSE report. Your IDSE report must include the elements required in subparagraphs (A) through (D). You must submit your IDSE report to the State according to the schedule under subsection (a)(3). (A) Your IDSE report must include all TTHM and HAA5 analytical results from section 11-20-45.1 compliance monitoring and all standard monitoring conducted during the period of the IDSE as individual analytical results and LRAAs presented in a tabular or spreadsheet format acceptable to the State. If changed from your standard monitoring plan submitted under this subsection, your report must also include a schematic of your distribution system, the population served, and system type (subpart H or ground water).(B) Your IDSE report must include an explanation of any deviations from your approved standard monitoring plan.(C) You must recommend and justify Stage 2 Disinfection Byproduct compliance monitoring locations and timing based on the protocol in subsection (f).(D) You must retain a complete copy of your IDSE report submitted under this section for 10 years after the date that you submitted your report. If the State modifies the Stage 2 Disinfection Byproduct monitoring requirements that you recommended in your IDSE report or if the State approves alternative monitoring locations, you must keep a copy of the State's notification on file for 10 years after the date of the State's notification. You must make the IDSE report and any State notification available for review by the State or the public. (c) System specific studies and study plan. Your system specific study plan must be based on either existing monitoring results as required under paragraph (1) or modeling as required under paragraph (2). You must prepare and submit your system specific study plan to the State according to the schedule under subsection (a)(3). (1) Existing monitoring results. You may comply by submitting monitoring results collected before you are required to begin monitoring under paragraph (a)(3). The monitoring results and analysis must meet the criteria in subparagraphs (A) and (B). (A) Minimum requirements. TTHM and HAA5 results must be based on samples collected and analyzed in accordance with section 11-20-45.1(b). Samples must be collected no earlier than five years prior to the study plan submission date. The monitoring locations and frequency must meet the conditions identified in this subparagraph. Each location must be sampled once during the peak historical month for TTHM levels or HAA5 levels or the month of warmest water temperature for every 12 months of data submitted for that location. Monitoring results must include all section 11-20-45.1 compliance monitoring results plus additional monitoring results as necessary to meet minimum sample requirements. System type | Population size category | Number of monitoring locations | Number of samples |
TTHM | HAA5 |
| | | | |
Subpart H | <500 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| 500-3,300 | 3 | 9 | 9 |
| 3,301-9,999 | 6 | 36 | 36 |
| 10,000-49,999 | 12 | 72 | 72 |
| 50,000-249,999 | 24 | 144 | 144 |
| 250,000-999,999 | 36 | 216 | 216 |
| 1,000,000-4,999,999 | 48 | 288 | 288 |
| >=5,000,000 | 60 | 360 | 360 |
| | | | |
Ground | <500 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
water | 500-9,999 | 3 | 9 | 9 |
| 10,000-99,999 | 12 | 48 | 48 |
| 100,000-499,999 | 18 | 72 | 72 |
| >=500,000 | 24 | 96 | 96 |
(B) Reporting monitoring results. You must report the information in this subparagraph. (i) You must report previously collected monitoring results and certify that the reported monitoring results include all compliance and non-compliance results generated during the time period beginning with the first reported result and ending with the most recent section 11-20-45.1 results. (ii) You must certify that the samples were representative of the entire distribution system and that treatment, and distribution system have not changed significantly since the samples were collected.(iii) Your study monitoring plan must include a schematic of your distribution system (including distribution system entry points and their sources, and storage facilities), with notes indicating the locations and dates of all completed or planned system specific study monitoring. (iv) Your system specific study plan must specify the population served and system type (subpart H or ground water).(v) You must retain a complete copy of your system specific study plan submitted under paragraph (1), including any State modification of your system specific study plan, for as long as you are required to retain your IDSE report under paragraph (3)(G).(vi) If you submit previously collected data that fully meet the number of samples required under paragraph (1)(A) and the State rejects some of the data, you must either conduct additional monitoring to replace rejected data on a schedule the State approves or conduct standard monitoring under subsection (b).(2) Modeling. You may comply through analysis of an extended period simulation hydraulic model. The extended period simulation hydraulic model and analysis must meet the criteria in this paragraph. (A) Minimum requirements. (i) The model must simulate 24 hour variation in demand and show a consistently repeating 24 hour pattern of residence time. (ii) The model must represent the criteria listed in 40 C.F.R. § 141.602(a)(2)(i)(B)(1) through (9). (iii) The model must be calibrated, or have calibration plans, for the current configuration of the distribution system during the period of high TTHM formation potential. All storage facilities must be evaluated as part of the calibration process. All required calibration must be completed no later than 12 months after plan submission. (B) Reporting modeling. Your system specific study plan must include the information listed in 40 C.F.R. § 141.602(a)(2)(ii)(A-H).(C) If you submit a model that does not fully meet the requirements under this paragraph, you must correct the deficiencies and respond to State inquiries concerning the model. If you fail to correct deficiencies or respond to inquiries to the State's satisfaction, you must conduct standard monitoring under subsection (b).(3) IDSE report. Your IDSE report must include the elements required in subparagraphs (A) through (F). You must submit your IDSE report according to the schedule in paragraph (a)(3). (A) Your IDSE report must include all TTHM and HAA5 analytical results from section 11-20-45.1 compliance monitoring and all system specific study monitoring conducted during the period of the system specific study presented in a tabular or spreadsheet format acceptable to the State. If changed from your system specific study plan submitted under this subsection, your IDSE report must also include a schematic of your distribution system, the population served, and system type (subpart H or ground water). (B) If you used the modeling provision under paragraph (2), you must include final information for the elements described in paragraph (2)(B), and a 24-hour time series graph of residence time for each Stage 2 Disinfection Byproduct compliance monitoring location selected.(C) You must recommend and justify Stage 2 Disinfection Byproduct compliance monitoring locations and timing based on the protocol in subsection (f).(D) Your IDSE report must include an explanation of any deviations from your approved system specific study plan.(E) Your IDSE report must include the basis (analytical and modeling results) and justification you used to select the recommended Stage 2 Disinfection Byproduct monitoring locations.(F) You may submit your IDSE report in lieu of your system specific study plan on the schedule identified in subsection (a)(3) for submission of the system specific study plan if you believe that you have the necessary information by the time that the system specific study plan is due. If you elect this approach, your IDSE report must also include all information required under this subsection.(G) You must retain a complete copy of your IDSE report submitted under this section for 10 years after the date that you submitted your IDSE report. If the State modifies the Stage 2 Disinfection Byproduct monitoring requirements that you recommended in your IDSE report or if the State approves alternative monitoring locations, you must keep a copy of the State's notification on file for 10 years after the date of the State's notification. You must make the IDSE report and any State notification available for review by the State or the public. (d) 40/30 certification (1) Eligibility. You are eligible for 40/30 certification if you had no TTHM or HAA5 monitoring violations under section 11-20-45.1 of this part and no individual sample exceeded 0.040 mg/L for TTHM or 0.030 mg/L for HAA5 during an eight consecutive calendar quarter period beginning no earlier than the date specified in this paragraph. If your 40/30 certification is due | Then your eligibility for 40/30 certification is based on eight consecutive calendar quarters of Section 11-20-45.1 compliance monitoring results beginning no earlier than1 |
October 1, 2006 | January 2004 |
April 1, 2007 | January 2004 |
October 1, 2007 | January 2005 |
April 1, 2008 | January 2005 |
1Unless you are on reduced monitoring under section 11-20-45.1 and were not required to monitor during the specified period. If you did not monitor during the specified period, you must base your eligibility on compliance samples taken during the 12 months preceding the specified period.
(2) 40/30 certification requirements. (A) You must certify to your State that every individual compliance sample taken under section 11-20-45.1 during the periods specified in paragraph (1) were <= 0.040 mg/L for TTHM and <= 0.030 mg/L for HAA5, and that you have not had any TTHM or HAA5 monitoring violations during the period specified in paragraph (1).(B) The State may require you to submit compliance monitoring results, distribution system schematics, and/or recommended Stage 2 Disinfection Byproduct compliance monitoring locations in addition to your certification. If you fail to submit the requested information, the State may require standard monitoring under subsection (b) or a system specific study under subsection (c).(C) The State may still require standard monitoring under subsection (b) or a system specific study under subsection (c) even if you meet the criteria in paragraph (1).(D) You must retain a complete copy of your certification submitted under this section for 10 years after the date that you submitted your certification. You must make the certification, all data upon which the certification is based, and any State notification available for review by the State or the public.(e) Very small system waivers. (1) If you serve fewer than 500 people and you have taken TTHM and HAA5 samples under section 11-20-45.1, you are not required to comply with this section unless the State notifies you that you must conduct standard monitoring under subsection (b) or a system specific study under subsection (c).(2) If you have not taken TTHM and HAA5 samples under section 11-20-45.1 or if the State notifies you that you must comply with this section, you must conduct standard monitoring under subsection (b) or a system specific study under subsection (c). (f) Stage 2 Disinfection Byproducts compliance monitoring location recommendations. (1) Your IDSE report must include your recommendations and justification for where and during what month(s) TTHM and HAA5 monitoring under section 11-20-45.3 should be conducted. You must base your recommendations on the criteria in paragraphs (2) through (5).(2) You must select the number of monitoring locations specified in the following table. You will use these recommended locations as Stage 2 Disinfection Byproduct routine compliance monitoring locations, unless State requires different or additional locations. You should distribute locations throughout the distribution system to the extent possible. Source water type | Population size category | Monitoring frequency1 | Distribution system monitoring locations1 |
Total per monitoring period2 | Highest TTHM | Highest HAA5 | Existing section 11-20-45.1 compliance |
| | | | | | |
Subpart H | <500 | per year | 2 | 1 | 1 | - |
| 500-3,300 | per quarter | 2 | 1 | 1 | - |
| 3,301-9,999 | per quarter | 2 | 1 | 1 | - |
| 10,000 -49,999 | per quarter | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| 50,000 -249,999 | per quarter | 8 | 3 | 3 | 2 |
| 250,000 -999,999 | per quarter | 12 | 5 | 4 | 3 |
| 1,000,000 -4,999,999 | per quarter | 16 | 6 | 6 | 4 |
| >=5,000,000 | per quarter | 20 | 8 | 7 | 5 |
| | | | | | |
Ground | <500 | per year | 2 | 1 | 1 | - |
water | 500-9,999 | per year | 2 | 1 | 1 | - |
| 10,000 -99,999 | per quarter | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| 100,000 -499,999 | per quarter | 6 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
| >=500,000 | per quarter | 8 | 3 | 3 | 2 |
1All systems must monitor during month of highest DBP concentrations.
2Systems on quarterly monitoring must take dual sample sets every 90 days at each monitoring location, except for subpart H systems serving 500-3,300. Ground water systems serving 500-9,999 on annual monitoring must take dual sample sets at each monitoring location. All other systems on annual monitoring and subpart H systems serving 500-3,300 are required to take individual TTHM and HAA5 samples (instead of a dual sample set) at the locations with the highest TTHM and HAA5 concentrations, respectively. For systems serving fewer than 500 people, only one location with a dual sample set per monitoring period is needed if highest TTHM and HAA5 concentrations occur at the same location, and month.
(3) You must recommend Stage 2 Disinfection Byproduct compliance monitoring locations based on standard monitoring results, system specific study results, and section 11-20-45.1 compliance monitoring results. You must follow the protocol in subparagraphs (A) through (H). If required to monitor at more than eight locations, you must repeat the protocol as necessary. If you do not have existing section 11-20-45.1 compliance monitoring results or if you do not have enough existing section 11-20-45.1 compliance monitoring results, you must repeat the protocol, skipping the provisions of subparagraphs (C) and (G) as necessary, until you have identified the required total number of monitoring locations. Location with the highest TTHM LRAA not previously selected as a Stage 2 Disinfection Byproduct monitoring location. (A) Location with the highest HAA5 LRAA not previously selected as a Stage 2 Disinfection Byproduct monitoring location.(B) Existing section 11-20-45.1 average residence time compliance monitoring location (maximum residence time compliance monitoring location for ground water systems) with the highest HAA5 LRAA not previously selected as a Stage 2 Disinfection Byproduct monitoring location.(C) Location with the highest TTHM LRAA not previously selected as a Stage 2 Disinfection Byproduct monitoring location.(D) Location with the highest TTHM LRAA not previously selected as a Stage 2 Disinfection Byproduct monitoring location.(E) Location with the highest HAA5 LRAA not previously selected as a Stage 2 Disinfection Byproduct monitoring location.(F) Existing section 11-20-45.1 average residence time compliance monitoring location (maximum residence time compliance monitoring location for ground water systems) with the highest TTHM LRAA not previously selected as a Stage 2 Disinfection Byproduct monitoring location.(G) Location with the highest HAA5 LRAA not previously selected as a Stage 2 Disinfection Byproduct monitoring location.(4) You may recommend locations other than those specified in paragraph (3) if you include a rationale for selecting other locations. If the State approves the alternate locations, you must monitor at these locations to determine compliance under section 11-20-45.3. Your recommended schedule must include Stage 2 Disinfection Byproduct monitoring during the peak historical month for TTHM and HAA5 concentration, unless the State approves another month. Once you have identified the peak historical month, and if you are required to conduct routine monitoring at least quarterly, you must schedule Stage 2 Disinfection Byproduct compliance monitoring at a regular frequency of every 90 days or fewer. Haw. Code R. § 11-20-45.2
[Eff and comp 11/2 8/11; comp MAY 02 2014 ] (Auth: HRS §§ 340E-2, 340E-9) (Imp: HRS §§ 340E-2, 340E-9; 42 U.S.C. §§300 f, 300g-1, 300g-2, 300g-3, 300g-4, 300g-5, 300g-6, 300j-4, 300j-9, 300j-11; 40 C.F.R. §141.600, § 141.601, § 141.602, § 141.603, § 141.604, § 141.605 )