9/11/13
Unless defined below, all terms in 10.0 of this regulation have the meaning given them in the Act or in 3.2 of this regulation.
"Batch non-cyanide electrolytic process tank" means a tank used for a non-cyanide electrolytic process in which a part or group of parts, typically mounted on racks or placed in barrels, is immersed in an electrolytic process tank bath as a single unit (i.e., as a batch) for a predetermined period of time, during which none of the parts are removed from the tank and no other parts are added to the tank, and after which the part or parts are removed from the tank as a unit.
"Bath" means the liquid contents of a process tank that is used for electroplating, electroforming, electropolishing, or other metal coating operations located at a plating and polishing operation.
"Bench-scale" means any operation that is small enough to be performed on a bench, table, or similar structure so that the equipment is not directly contacting the floor.
"Capture system" means the collection of components used to capture gases and fumes released from one or more emission points and then to transport the captured gas stream to a control device. A capture system may include, but is not limited to, the following components as applicable to a given capture system design: duct intake devices, hoods, enclosures, ductwork, dampers, manifolds, plenums, and fans.
"Cartridge filter" means a type of control device that uses perforated metal cartridges containing a pleated paper or non-woven fibrous filter media to remove particulate matter (PM) from a gas stream by sieving and other mechanisms. Cartridge filters can be designed with single use cartridges, which are removed and disposed after reaching capacity, or continuous use cartridges, which typically are cleaned by means of a pulse-jet mechanism.
"Composite mesh pad" means a type of control device similar to a mesh pad mist eliminator except that the device is designed with multiple pads in series that are woven with layers of material of varying fiber diameters, which produce a coalescing effect on the droplets or PM that impinge upon the pads.
"Continuous non-cyanide electrolytic process tank" means a tank used for a non-cyanide electrolytic process and in which a continuous metal strip or other type of continuous substrate is fed into and removed from the tank continuously. This process is also called reel-to-reel electrolytic plating.
"Control device" means equipment used to collect or reduce the quantity of a pollutant that is emitted to the air. The control device receives emissions that are transported from the process by the capture system.
"Control system" means the combination of a capture system and a control device. The overall control efficiency of any control system is a combination of the ability to capture the air emissions (i.e., the capture efficiency) and the control device efficiency. Consequently, it is important to achieve good capture to ensure good overall control efficiency.
"Conversion coatings" means coatings that form a hard metal finish on a part when the part is submerged in a tank bath or solution that contains the conversion coatings. Conversion coatings for the purposes of 10.0 of this regulation include coatings composed of chromium, as well as the other plating and polishing metal HAP, where no electrical current is used.
"Cyanide electrolytic process" means an electrolytic process that uses cyanide as a major bath ingredient, that operates at pH of 12 or more, and that uses or emits any of the plating and polishing metal HAPs. The cyanide in the bath works to dissolve the metal HAP added as a cyanide compound (e.g., cadmium cyanide) and creates free cyanide in solution, which helps to corrode the anode. These tanks are self-regulating to a pH of 12 due to the caustic nature of the cyanide bath chemistry. The cyanide in the bath is a major bath constituent and not an additive; however, the self-regulating chemistry of the bath causes the bath to act as if wetting agents/fume suppressants are being used and to ensure an optimum electroplating process. All cyanide electroplating baths at pH greater than or equal to 12 have metal cyanide complexes in solution. The plating and polishing metal HAP to be plated is not emitted because it is either bound in the metal-cyanide complex or reduced at the cathode to elemental metal, and plated onto the immersed parts. Cyanide baths are not intentionally operated at pH less 12 since unfavorable electroplating conditions would occur in the tank.
"Cyanide electrolytic process tank" means an electrolytic process tank used for cyanide electrolytic processes.
"Deviation" means any instance in which an affected source or an owner or operator of an affected source:
* Fails to meet any requirement or obligation established in 10.0 of this regulation including, but not limited to, any equipment standard (including emission and operating limit), management practice, or operation and maintenance requirement;
* Fails to meet any term or condition that is adopted to implement an applicable requirement in 10.0 of this regulation and that is included in the operating permit for any affected source required to obtain such a permit; or
* Fails to meet any equipment standard (including emission and operating limit), management practice, or operation and maintenance requirement in 10.0 of this regulation during startup, shutdown, or malfunction.
"Dry mechanical polishing" means a process used for removing defects from and smoothing the surface of finished metals and formed parts after plating or thermal spraying with any of the plating and polishing metal HAPs using automatic or manually-operated machines that have hard-faced abrasive wheels or belts and where no liquids or fluids are used to trap the removed metal particles. The affected process does not include polishing with use of pastes, liquids, lubricants, or any other added materials.
"Electroforming" means an electrolytic process that uses or emits any of the plating and polishing metal HAPs that is used for fabricating metal parts. This process is essentially the same as electroplating except that the plated substrate or mandrel is removed, leaving only the metal plate. In electroforming, the metal plate is self-supporting and generally thicker than in electroplating.
"Electroless plating" means a process that uses or emits any of the plating and polishing metal HAPs in which metallic ions in a tank bath are reduced to form a metal coating at the surface of a catalytic substrate without the use of external electrical energy. Electroless plating is also called non-electrolytic plating.
"Electrolytic process" means a process that uses or emits any of the plating and polishing metal HAPs in which metallic ions in a tank bath are reduced to form a metal coating on or to remove a metal coating from the surface of parts using electrical energy.
"Electrolytic process tank" means a process tank in which electrolytic processes occur. This term does not include tanks containing solutions that are used to rinse or wash parts prior to placing the parts in the electrolytic process tank or subsequent to removing the parts from the electrolytic process tank. This term also does not include thermal spraying or dry mechanical polishing.
"Electroplating" means an electrolytic process that uses or emits any of the plating and polishing metal HAPs in which metal ions in a tank bath are reduced onto the surface of the part (the cathode) via an electrical current. The metal ions in the tank bath are usually replenished by the dissolution of metal from solid metal anodes fabricated of the same metal being plated, or by direct replenishment of the tank bath with metal salts or oxides. Electroplating is also called electrolytic plating.
"Electropolishing" means an electrolytic process performed in a tank after plating that uses or emits any of the plating and polishing metal HAPs in which a part is attached to an anode immersed in a bath, and the metal substrate is dissolved electrolytically, thereby removing the surface contaminant. Electropolishing is also called electrolytic polishing. For the purposes of 10.0 of this regulation, electropolishing does not include bench-scale operations.
"Fabric filter" means a type of control device used for collecting PM by filtering a process exhaust stream through a filter or filter media. A fabric filter is also known as a baghouse.
"Filters", for the purposes of 10.0 of this regulation, include cartridge, fabric, or HEPA filters.
"Flash electrolytic process tank" means an electrolytic process tank in which flash electroplating occurs.
"Flash electroplating" means an electrolytic process performed in a tank that uses or emits any of the plating and polishing metal HAPs and that is used no more than three cumulative minutes per hour or no more than one cumulative hour per day. Flash electroplating is also called short-term electroplating.
"HAP" means any air pollutant listed in or pursuant to Section 112(b) of the Act. HAPs are also called air toxics. The five plating and polishing metal HAPs are listed in Section 112(b).
"High efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter" means a type of control device that uses a filter composed of a mat of randomly arranged fibers and is designed to remove at least 99.97% of airborne particles that are 0.3 micrometers or larger in diameter.
"Maintenance" means any process at a plating and polishing operation that is performed to keep the process equipment or the facility operating properly and is not performed on items to be sold as products.
"Mesh pad mist eliminator" means a type of control device that uses layers of interlocked filaments densely packed between two supporting grids to remove liquid droplets and PM from the gas stream through inertial impaction and direct interception.
"Metal coating operation" means any process performed either in a process tank that contains liquids or as part of a thermal spraying operation that applies one or more plating and polishing metal HAPs to the surface of parts used in manufacturing. These processes include, but are not limited to, non-chromium electroplating, electroforming, electropolishing, other non-electrolytic metal coating processes, such as electroless nickel plating, chromate conversion coating, nickel acetate sealing, sodium dichromate sealing, and manganese phosphate coating, and thermal spraying.
"Metal HAP content of material used in plating and polishing " means the HAP content as determined from an analysis or engineering estimate of the HAP contents of the tank bath or solution in the case of electroplating, metal coating, or electropolishing or the HAP content of the metal coating being applied in the case of thermal spraying. Material Safety Data Sheet information may be used in lieu of testing or engineering estimates but is not required to be used.
"Non-chromium electroplating" means an electroplating process that uses or emits any of the plating and polishing metal HAPs that is not subject to the provisions of 6.0 of this regulation.
"Non-cyanide electrolytic process" means an electrolytic process that uses or emits any of the plating and polishing metal HAPs performed without cyanide in the tank. This process does not use cyanide in the process tank and operate at pH values less than 12. This process uses electricity and adds or removes metals such as plating and polishing metal HAPs from parts used in manufacturing.
"Non-cyanide electrolytic process tank" means a tank used for non-cyanide electrolytic processes.
"Non-electrolytic plating" means a process that uses or emits any of the plating and polishing metal HAPs in which metallic ions in a plating bath or solution are reduced to form a metal coating at the surface of a catalytic substrate without the use of external electrical energy. Non-electrolytic plating is also called electroless plating. Examples include electroless nickel plating, chromate conversion coating, nickel acetate sealing, sodium dichromate sealing, and manganese phosphate coating.
"Packed-bed scrubber" means a type of control device that includes a single or double packed-bed that contains packing media on which PM and droplets impinge and are removed from the gas stream. The packed-bed section of the scrubber is followed by a mist eliminator to remove any water entrained from the packed-bed section.
"Permanent thermal spraying" means a thermal spraying operation that is not a temporary thermal spraying operation.
"Plating and polishing metal HAPs" means compounds of any of the following metals: cadmium, chromium, lead, manganese, and nickel, or any of these metals in the elemental form, with the exception of lead. Any material that does not contain cadmium, chromium, lead, or nickel in amounts greater than or equal to 0.1% by weight (as the metal) and does not contain manganese in amounts greater than or equal to 1.0% by weight (as the metal), as reported on the Material Safety Data Sheet for the material, is not considered to be a plating and polishing metal HAP.
"Plating and polishing operation" means an operation that uses or emits any of the plating and polishing metal HAPs and is engaged in one or more of the following:
* Non-chromium electroplating;
* Electroforming;
* Electropolishing;
* Electroless plating
* Other non-electrolytic metal coating processes performed in a tank, such as chromate conversion coating, nickel acetate sealing, sodium dichromate sealing, and manganese phosphate coating;
* Thermal spraying; or
* Dry mechanical polishing of finished metals and formed parts after plating or thermal spraying.
Plating is performed in a tank or thermally sprayed so that a metal coating is irreversibly applied to a part. Plating and polishing does not include any bench-scale operations.
"PM" means solids or particulate matter that is emitted into the air.
"Repair" means any process used to return a finished part or tool back to its original function or shape.
"Research and development process tank" means any process tank that is used for conducting research and development for new processes and products and is not used to manufacture products for commercial sale, except in a de minimis manner.
"Startup of the tank bath" means when the components or relative proportions of the various components in the bath have been altered from the most recent operating period. Startup of the tank bath does not include events where only the tank's heating or agitation and other mechanical operations are turned back on after being turned off for a period of time.
"Surface cover" means a solid structure or combination of structures, made of an impervious material that is designed to cover at least 75% of the open surface area of a continuous non-cyanide electrolytic process tank.
"Tank cover" means a solid structure made of an impervious material that is designed to cover the entire open surface of a batch non-cyanide electrolytic process tank or a flash electrolytic process tank.
"Temporary thermal spraying" means a thermal spraying operation that uses or emits any of the plating and polishing metal HAPs that lasts no more than one hour in duration during any one day and that is conducted in situ. Thermal spraying that is conducted in a dedicated thermal spray booth or structure is not considered to be temporary thermal spraying.
"Thermal spraying" means a process that uses or emits any of the plating and polishing metal HAPs in which a metallic coating is applied by projecting heated, molten, or semi-molten metal particles onto a substrate. Commonly used thermal spraying methods include high velocity oxy-fuel spraying, flame spraying, electric arc spraying, plasma arc spraying, and detonation gun spraying. This operation does not include spray painting at ambient temperatures. This process is also called metal spraying.
"Water curtain" means a type of control device that draws a gas stream through a continuous curtain of moving water to collect and remove suspended PM from the gas stream.
"Wetting agent/fume suppressant" means any chemical agent that reduces or suppresses fumes or mists from an electrolytic process tank by reducing the surface tension of the tank bath.
The owner or operator of an affected source, who uses a control system to comply with 10.4.1.2, 10.4.5, 10.4.6.1, or 10.4.6.2 of this regulation, shall install, maintain, and operate a pressure drop monitoring device to measure the differential pressure drop across each control device during all times that the affected process tank or other operation is operating. The differential pressure drop shall be recorded at least once per day. If a differential pressure drop is observed outside of the operating range specified by the control device manufacturer, the owner or operator shall take immediate corrective action. The owner or operator shall also record the incident and the corrective actions taken.
To demonstrate initial compliance, the owner or operator of an affected source subject to the provisions of 10.0 of this regulation shall be in compliance with the applicable requirements in 10.6.1 through 10.6.12 of this regulation.
To demonstrate continuous compliance, the owner or operator of an affected source subject to the provisions of 10.0 of this regulation shall be in compliance with the applicable requirements in 10.7.1 through 10.7.13 of this regulation.
The owner or operator of an affected sources subject to the provisions of 10.0 of this regulation shall also be in compliance with the provisions in 3.0 of this regulation that are applicable to 10.0, as specified in Table 10-1 of this regulation.
Table 10-1 - Applicability of 3.0 to 10.0 of this Regulation
General | Applies | |
Provision | to | Comment |
Reference | 10.0 | |
3.1.1.1 | Yes | Additional terms defined in 10.2 of this regulation; when overlap between 3.2 and 10.2 of this regulation occurs, 10.2 takes precedence. |
3.1.1.2 - 3.1.1.3 | Yes | |
3.1.1.4 | Yes | 10.0 of this regulation clarifies the applicability of each provision in 3.0 of this regulation to sources subject to 10.0. |
3.1.1.5 | No | Reserved. |
3.1.1.6 | Yes | |
3.1.1.7 - 3.1.1.9 | No | Reserved. |
3.1.1.10 - 3.1.1.12 | Yes | |
3.1.1.13 - 3.1.1.14 | No | Reserved. |
3.1.2.1 - 3.1.2.3 | Yes | |
3.1.3.1 | Yes | 10.0 of this regulation clarifies the applicability of each paragraph in 3.0 of this regulation to sources subject to 10.0. |
3.1.3.2 | Yes | 10.1.7 of this regulation exempts area sources from the obligation to obtain Title V operating permits. |
3.1.3.3 - 3.1.3.4 | No | Reserved. |
3.1.3.5 | Yes | |
3.1.4 | No | Reserved. |
3.1.5 | Yes | 10.1.7 of this regulation exempts affected sources from the obligation to obtain Title V operation permits. |
3.2 | Yes | Additional terms defined in 10.2 of this regulation; when overlap between 3.2 and 10.2 of this regulation occurs, 10.2 takes precedence. |
3.3 | Yes | |
3.4.1.1 - 3.4.1.2 | Yes | |
3.4.1.3 - 3.4.1.5 | No | Reserved. |
3.4.2 - 3.4.2.2 | Yes | |
3.4.2.3 | No | Reserved. |
3.4.3 | Yes | |
3.5.1 - 3.5.2.1 | Yes | |
3.5.2.2 | No | Reserved. |
3.5.2.3 - 3.5.2.4 | Yes | |
3.5.2.5 | No | Reserved. |
3.5.2.6 | Yes | |
3.5.3 | No | Reserved. |
3.5.4.1.1 - 3.5.4.1.2.8 | Yes | |
3.5.4.1.2.9 | No | Reserved. |
3.5.4.1.2.10 - 3.5.4.4 | Yes | |
3.5.5 | Yes | |
3.5.6 - 3.5.6.1.1 | Yes | |
3.5.6.1.2 - 3.5.6.1.4 | No | Reserved. |
3.5.6.2 | Yes | |
3.6.1 | Yes | |
3.6.2 - 3.6.2.5 | Yes | |
3.6.2.6 | No | Reserved. |
3.6.2.7 | Yes | |
3.6.3.1 - 3.6.3.2 | Yes | |
3.6.3.3 - 3.6.3.4 | No | Reserved. |
3.6.3.5 | Yes | |
3.6.4 | No | Reserved. |
3.6.5 - 3.6.5.1 | No | |
3.6.5.2 | No | Reserved. |
3.6.5.3 | No | However, 10.4.8 of this regulation specifies the minimum contents of the startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan for sources using a capture system and control device to comply with the 10.4 of this regulation. |
3.6.6 | Yes | |
3.6.6.1 | No | Standards apply at all times, including during startup, shutdown, and malfunction events. |
3.6.6.2 - 3.6.6.2.2 | Yes | |
3.6.6.2.3 | No | 10.0 of this regulation does not require performance testing. |
3.6.6.2.4 - 3.6.6.3 | Yes | |
3.6.7 | Yes | |
3.6.8 | No | 10.0 of this regulation does not contain any opacity or visible emission standards. |
3.6.9 - 3.6.9.6.1.2.1 | Yes | |
3.6.9.6.1.2.2 | No | Reserved. |
3.6.9.6.1.2.3 - 3.6.9.6.1.2.4 | Yes | |
3.6.9.6.1.3 - 3.6.9.6.1.4 | No | Reserved. |
3.6.9.6.2 - 3.6.9.14 | Yes | |
3.6.9.15 | No | Reserved. |
3.6.9.16 | Yes | |
3.6.10 | Yes | |
3.7 | No | 10.0 of this regulation does not require performance testing. |
3.8 - 3.8.5 | No | 10.5 of this regulation specifies the monitoring requirements. |
3.8.6 | Yes | |
3.8.7 | No | 10.5 of this regulation specifies the monitoring requirements. |
3.9.1 - 3.9.1.4 | Yes | |
3.9.1.4.1 | No | Reserved. |
3.9.1.4.2 - 3.9.2.2.5 | Yes | Except that 10.8.1 of this regulation specifies the initial notification requirements. |
3.9.2.3 | No | Reserved. |
3.9.2.4 - 3.9.2.4.1 | Yes | |
3.9.2.4.2 - 3.9.2.4.4 | No | Reserved. |
3.9.2.4.5 - 3.9.4 | Yes | |
3.9.5 - 3.9.7 | No | |
3.9.8 - 3.9.8.3 | Yes | Except that 10.8.2 of this regulation specifies the notification of compliance status requirements. |
3.9.8.4 | No | Reserved. |
3.9.8.5 - 3.9.10 | Yes | |
3.10.1 - 3.10.1.4 | Yes | |
3.10.1.4.1 | No | Reserved. |
3.10.1.4.2 - 3.10.1.7 | Yes | |
3.10.2.1 - 3.10.2.2.5 | Yes | |
3.10.2.2.6 - 3.10.2.2.13 | No | |
3.10.2.2.14 | Yes | |
3.10.2.3 | Yes | |
3.10.3 | No | |
3.10.4.1 | Yes | |
3.10.4.2 - 3.10.4.4 | No | |
3.10.4.5 | Yes | Except that 10.9 of this regulation specifies reporting requirements under the requirements for the annual compliance certification report and the deviation report. |
3.10.5 | No | |
3.10.6 | Yes | |
3.11 | No | 10.0 of this regulation does not require flares. |
3.12 | Yes | |
3.13 | Yes | |
3.14 | Yes | |
3.15 | Yes |
7 Del. Admin. Code § 1138-10.0
17 DE Reg. 328 (09/01/13)