3 Colo. Code Regs. § 704-1-51-4.8(IA)

Current through Register Vol. 47, No. 22, November 25, 2024

Section 3 CCR 704-1-51-4.8(IA) - Dishonest and Unethical Conduct

Introduction

A person who is an investment adviser, an investment adviser representative or a federal covered adviser is a fiduciary and has a duty to act primarily for the benefit of its clients. The provisions of this subsection apply to federal covered advisers to the extent that the conduct alleged is fraudulent, deceptive, or as otherwise permitted by the National Securities Markets Improvement Act of 1996 (Pub. L. No. 104-290) . While the extent and nature of this duty varies according to the nature of the relationship between an investment adviser or an investment adviser representative and its clients and the circumstances of each case, an investment adviser, an investment adviser representative or a federal covered adviser shall not engage in unethical business practices, including the following:

A. Recommending to a client, to whom investment supervisory, management or consulting services are provided, the purchase, sale, or exchange of any security without reasonable grounds to believe that the recommendation is suitable for the client on the basis of information furnished by the client after reasonable inquiry concerning the client's investment objectives, financial situation and needs, and any other information known by the investment adviser.

B. Exercising any discretionary power in placing an order for the purchase or sale of securities for a client without obtaining written discretionary authority from the client within ten (10) business days after the date of the first transaction placed pursuant to oral discretionary authority, unless the discretionary power relates solely to the price at which, or the time when, an order involving a definite amount of a specific security that shall be executed, or both.

C. Inducing trading in a client's account that is excessive in size or frequency in view of the client's financial resources, investment objectives and the character of the account in light of the fact that an adviser in such situations can directly benefit from the number of securities transactions effected in a client's account.

D. Placing an order to purchase or sell a security for the account of a client without authority to do so.

E. Placing an order to purchase or sell a security for the account of a client upon instruction of a third party without first having obtained a written third-party trading authorization from the client.

F. Borrowing money or securities from a client, unless the client is a broker-dealer, an affiliate of the investment adviser, a family member, or a financial institution engaged in the business of loaning funds.

G. Loaning money to a client unless the investment adviser is a financial institution engaged in the business of loaning funds or the client is an affiliate of the investment adviser or a family member.

H. To misrepresent to any advisory client, or prospective advisory client, the qualifications of the investment adviser or any employee of the investment adviser, or to misrepresent the nature of the advisory services being offered or fees to be charged for such service, or to omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made regarding qualifications, services, or fees, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading.

I. Providing a report or recommendation to any advisory client prepared by someone other than the adviser without disclosing that fact. This prohibition does not apply to a situation where the adviser uses published research reports or statistical analyses to render advice or where an adviser orders such a report in the normal course of providing service.

J. Charging a client an advisory fee that is unreasonable in light of the type of services to be provided, the experience of the adviser, the sophistication and bargaining power of the client, and whether the adviser has disclosed that lower fees for comparable services may be available from other sources.

K. Failing to disclose to clients, in writing, before any advice is rendered, any material conflict of interest relating to the adviser or any of its employees which could reasonably be expected to impair the rendering of unbiased and objective advice, including:

1. Compensation arrangements connected with advisory services to clients which are in addition to compensation from such clients for such services; and

2. Charging a client an advisory fee for rendering advice when a commission for executing securities transactions pursuant to such advice will be received by the adviser or its employees,

L. Guaranteeing a client that a specific result will be achieved (gain or no loss) with advice to be rendered.

M. Publishing, circulating, or distributing any advertisement which does not comply with Rule 206(4)-1 under the 40 Act.

N. Disclosing the identity, affairs, or investments of any client, unless required by law to do so, or unless consented to by the client.

O. Taking any action, directly or indirectly, with respect to those securities or funds in which any client has any beneficial interest, where the investment adviser has custody or possession of such securities or funds when the adviser's action is subject to and does not comply with the requirements of 11-51-407(5)(a) -(f), C.R.S. or Reg. 206 (4)-2 under the 40 Act (for federally covered advisers).

P. Entering into, extending, or renewing any investment advisory contract, unless such contract is in writing and discloses, in substance, the services to be provided, the term of the contract, the advisory fee, the formula for computing the fee, the amount of prepaid fee to be returned in the event of contract termination or non-performance, whether the contract grants discretionary power to the adviser and that no assignment of such contract shall be made by the investment adviser without the consent of the other party to the contract.

Q. Failing to establish, maintain, and enforce written policies and procedures reasonably designed to prevent the misuse of material nonpublic information in violation of Section 204A of the 40 Act.

R. Entering into, extending, or renewing any investment advisory contract contrary to the provisions of Section 205 of the 40 Act. This provision shall apply to all advisers and investment adviser representatives licensed or required to be licensed under this Act notwithstanding whether such adviser would be exempt from federal registration pursuant to section 203(b) of the 40 Act.

S. To indicate, in an advisory contract any condition, stipulation, or provision binding any person to waive compliance with any applicable provision of this Act, any Rule promulgated thereunder or the 40 Act, or any Rule promulgated thereunder, or to engage in or any other practice that would violate Section 215 of the 40 Act.

T. Engaging in any act, practice, or course of business which is fraudulent, deceptive, or manipulative in contrary to the provisions of Section 206(4) of the 40 Act notwithstanding the fact that such investment adviser is not registered or required to be registered under Section 203 of the 40 Act.

U. Engaging in any conduct or any act, indirectly or through or by any other person, which would be unlawful for such person to do directly under the provisions of this act or any Rule thereunder. Such conduct or act includes, but is not limited to, that conduct set forth in this Rule. Engaging in other conduct such as forgery, embezzlement, theft, exploitation, non-disclosure, incomplete disclosure or misstatement of material facts, manipulative or deceptive practices, or aiding or abetting any unethical practice, shall be deemed an unethical business practice and shall be grounds for denial, suspension or revocation of a license. The federal statutory and regulatory provisions referenced herein shall apply to all investment advisers and investment adviser representatives only to the extent permitted by the National Securities Markets Improvement Act of 1996.

V. The use of a senior specific certification or designation by any person in connection with the offer, sale, or purchase of securities, or the provision of advice as to the value of or the advisability of investing in, purchasing, or selling securities, either directly or indirectly or through publications or writings, or by issuing or promulgating analyses or reports relating to securities, that indicates or implies that the user has special certification or training in advising or servicing senior citizens or retirees, in such a way as to mislead any person shall be a dishonest and unethical practice in the securities, commodities, and investment business within the meaning of the Colorado Securities Act. The prohibited use of such certifications or professional designation includes, but is not limited to, the following:

1. use of a certification or professional designation by a person who has not actually earned or is otherwise ineligible to use such certification or designation;

2. use of a nonexistent or self-conferred certification or professional designation;

3. use of a certification or professional designation that indicates or implies a level of occupational qualifications obtained through education, training, or experience that the person using the certification or professional designation does not have; and

4. use of a certification or professional designation that was obtained from a designating or certifying organization that:

a. is primarily engaged in the business of instruction in sales and/or marketing;

b. does not have reasonable standards or procedures for assuring the competency of its designees or certificants;

c. does not have reasonable standards or procedures for monitoring and disciplining its designees or certificants for improper or unethical conduct; or

d. does not have reasonable continuing education requirements for its designees or certificants in order to maintain the designation or certificate.

5.

a. There is a rebuttable presumption that a designating or certifying organization is not disqualified solely for purposes of paragraph 1(d) above when the organization has been accredited by:

i. The American National Standards Institute; or

ii. The National Commission for Certifying Agencies.

b. Certifications or professional designations offered by an organization that is on the United States Department of Education's list entitled "Accrediting Agencies Recognized for Title IV Purposes" may qualify when the certification or professional designation program also specifically meets the paragraph 1(d) requirements listed above.

6. In determining whether a combination of words (or an acronym standing for a combination of words) constitutes a certification or professional designation indicating or implying that a person has special certification or training in advising or servicing senior citizens or retirees, factors to be considered shall include:

a. use of one or more words such as "senior," "retirement," "elder," or like words, combined with one or more words such as "certified," "registered," "chartered," "adviser," "specialist," "consultant," "planner," or like words, in the name of the certification or professional designation; and

b. the manner in which those words are combined.

7. For purposes of this Rule, a certification or professional designation does not include a job title within an organization that is licensed or registered by a state or federal financial services regulatory agency, when that job title:

a. indicates seniority or standing within the organization; or

b. specifies an individual's area of specialization within the organization

For purposes of this subsection, financial services regulatory agency includes, but is not limited to, an agency that regulates broker-dealers, investment advisers, or investment companies as defined under the Investment Company Act of 1940.

8. Nothing in this Rule shall limit the Securities Commissioner's authority to enforce existing provisions of law.

W. Failing to provide advisory fee billing information to each client in compliance with the requirements of Rule 51-4.10(IA)(B)(2).

X. Accessing a client's account by using the client's own unique identifying information (such as username and password).

Y. Failing to comply with a child support order as described in section 26-13-126, C.R.S. This rule incorporates the requirements of section 26-13-126, C.R.S. An individual may inspect a copy of section 24-13-126, C.R.S. by making such request to the Colorado Department of Human Services at 1575 Sherman Street, 8th Floor, Denver, Colorado 80203 or the Colorado Division of Securities at 1560 Broadway, Suite 900, in Denver, Colorado 80203.

3 CCR 704-1-51-4.8(IA)

38 CR 01, January 10, 2015, effective 1/30/2015

38 CR 08, April 25, 2015, effective 6/1/2015

38 CR 18, September 25, 2015, effective 10/15/2015

39 CR 01, January 10, 2016, effective 1/30/2016

40 CR 01, January 10, 2017, effective 1/30/2017

40 CR 12, June 25, 2017, effective 7/15/2017

41 CR 13, July 10, 2018, effective 7/31/2018

43 CR 05, March 10, 2020, effective 3/30/2020

46 CR 05, March 10, 2023, effective 3/30/2023