Section 30.694 - Containment and Detection of Releases(1) In order to prevent the release of hazardous waste or hazardous constituents into the environment, secondary containment that meets the requirements of 310 CMR 30.694 must be provided except as provided in 310 CMR 30.694(6): (a) For all new tank systems or components, before they are put into service;(b) For all existing tank systems which are, or are intended to be, used to store polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons or the hazardous waste no. F023, or located in an interim Zone II, or constructed of porous materials such as brick or concrete, by no later than two years from June 1, 1989;(c) For all existing tank systems in which the tank is single-walled, bare steel, and cathodically unprotected, before the tank system reaches ten years of age, or by no later than two years from June 1, 1989, whichever comes later;(d) For those tank systems referred to in 310 CMR 30.694(1)(c) for which the age cannot be documented, by no later than three years from June 1, 1989; but if the age of the facility is greater than seven years, secondary containment shall be provided before the facility reaches ten years of age, or by no later than two years from June 1, 1989, whichever comes later;(e) For all other existing tank systems, when they reach 15 years of age, or by no later than two years from June 1, 1989, whichever comes later;(f) For those tank systems referred to in 310 CMR 30.694(1)(e) for which the age cannot be documented, by no later than eight years from June 1, 1989; but if the age of the facility is greater than seven years, secondary containment shall be provided by the time the facility reaches 15 years of age, or by no later than two years from June 1, 1989, whichever comes later; and(g) For tank systems in which are stored or treated materials that are classified as hazardous waste pursuant to 310 CMR 30.000, on or after June 1, 1989, by no later than the time intervals required in 310 CMR 30.694(1)(a) through (f), except that the date that a material becomes a hazardous waste shall be used in place of the June 1, 1989 date set forth therein.(2) Secondary containment systems must be: (a) Designed, installed, and operated to prevent any migration of wastes or accumulated liquid out of the system to the soil, groundwater, surface water, sewer system, or adjoining property at any time during the use of the tank system; and(b) Capable of detecting and collecting releases and accumulated liquids until the collected material is removed.(3) To meet the requirements of 310 CMR 30.694(2), secondary containment systems must be at a minimum:(a) Constructed of or lined with materials that are compatible with the waste(s) to be placed in the tank system. Such material must have sufficient strength and thickness to prevent failure owing to pressure gradients (including static head and external hydrological forces), physical contact with the waste to which it is exposed, climatic conditions, and the stress of daily operation (including stresses from nearby vehicular traffic);(b) Placed on a foundation or base capable of providing support to the secondary containment system, resistance to pressure gradients above and below the system, and capable of preventing failure due to settlement, compression, or uplift; and(c) Sloped or otherwise designed or operated to drain and remove liquids resulting from leaks spills, or precipitation. Spilled or leaked waste and accumulated precipitation must be removed from the secondary containment within 24 hours, or in as timely a manner as is possible to prevent a threat to public health, safety, welfare, or the environment, if the owner or operator can demonstrate to the Department that removal of the released waste or accumulated liquid cannot be accomplished within 24 hours. If the collected material is hazardous waste pursuant to 310 CMR 30.100, it shall be managed as hazardous waste in compliance with 310 CMR 30.000.(4) Secondary containment for all underground tanks must consist of either a double wall that is: (a) Designed as an integral structure (i.e. an inner structure completely enveloped within an outer shell) so that any release from the inner tank is contained by the outer shell;(b) Designed to prevent deterioration of the primary tank interior and of the external surface of the outer shell; and(c) Provided with a leak detection system that is designed and operated so that that it will detect the failure of either the primary or secondary containment structure or the presence of any release of hazardous waste or accumulated liquid in the secondary containment system. Leak detection systems must be equipped with a visual or audible alarm to signal such a failure or release.(5) Secondary containment for aboveground tanks shall consist of:(a) A double wall in compliance with 310 CMR 30.694(4)(a); or(b) An external liner system that is: 1. Designed or operated to contain either 10% of the total possible contained volume of the tanks or 110% of the volume of the largest single tank, whichever is greater. Where two or more tanks are connected, the owner or operator shall make provisions for shutting off the connection in the event of a release or threat of a release from the tank system;2. Designed or operated to prevent run-on or infiltration of precipitation into the secondary containment system unless the containment system has sufficient excess capacity to contain run-on or infiltration. Such additional capacity must be sufficient to contain precipitation from a 25-year, 24-hour rainfall event;3. Provided with a continuous, impermeable interior coating or lining that is compatible with the stored waste and that will prevent migration of the waste into the substrate material;4. Free of cracks or gaps; and5. Designed and installed to surround the tank completely and to cover all surrounding surface likely to come into contact with the waste if the waste is released from the tank(s) (i.e., capable of preventing lateral as well as vertical migration of the waste); or(c) A vault system that is: 1. In compliance with 310 CMR 30.694(5)(b)1. through 3.;2. Constructed with chemical resistant water stops in place at all joints (if any);3. Provided with a means to protect against the formation and ignition of vapors within the vault, if the waste being stored or treated is ignitable or reactive as defined in 310 CMR 30.122 or 30.124;4. Provided with an exterior moisture barrier or is otherwise designed or operated to prevent migration of moisture into the vault if the vault is subject to hydraulic pressure.(6) Ancillary equipment shall be provided with secondary containment (e.g., trench, jacketing, double-walled piping) that meets the requirements of 310 CMR 30.694(2) and (3) except for any of the following that are visually inspected for leaks on a daily basis: (a) Aboveground piping (exclusive of flanges, joints, valves, and other connections);(b) Welded flanges, welded joints, and welded connections;(c) Sealless or magnetic coupling pumps and sealless valves; and(d) Pressurized aboveground piping systems with automatic shut-off devices (e.g., excess flow check valves, flow metering shutdown devices, loss of pressure actuated shut-off devices).Amended by Mass Register Issue 1278, eff. 1/16/2015.