Section 10.07 - Joints and Connections(1)Copper Tubing (Potable Water Supply). (a) Joining methods shall be in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions and the following: 1.Soldered. a. Every soldered joint for tubing shall be made with fittings.b. Surfaces to be soldered shall be thoroughly cleaned, reamed, and returned to full-bore.c. The joints shall be fluxed properly and fastened using lead free solder.d. Joints shall be made by appropriate use of brass or wrought copper water fittings and be properly soldered together.e. Solder filler metals used in the fabrication of solder joints in potable water applications shall be lead free.2.Flared Copper Tubing. Every flared joint for soft-copper water tubing shall be expanded with a flaring tool.3.Threaded. a. All burrs shall be removedb. Pipe ends shall be reamed and returned to size of full bore and all chips shall be removed.c. Pipe joint compounds and tapes shall be used on male threads only.d. Threaded joints used in the piping systems of the potable water supply system of a building shall be made with lead free polytetrafluoroethylene sealante. Every joint transitioning from copper tubing to threaded pipe shall be made by the use of brass or wrought copper adapter fittings.4.Brazed. Brazing filler metal and brazing fluxes utilized for the fabrication of brazed joints in domestic water supply and potable water distribution system piping shall be lead free.5.Mechanical Joints. All joining methods must follow material manufacturers' installation instructions. b. Push-fit in accordance with the proper standard;h. Other Board Approved joining methods.(2)Cast Iron Soil Pipe.(a) Caulked Joints firmly packed with oakum or hemp shall be:1. filled with molten lead that is not less than one inch-deep and does not extend more than C inch below the rim of the hub; and2. Have lead run in one continuous pour and shall have the lead caulked tight.(c)Hub-less Cast-iron Soil Pipe. Joints for hub-less cast-iron soil pipe and fittings shall be made with, 1. elastomeric sealing sleeve, stainless steel clamp, clamping screw and housing.2. Hub-less stainless-steel clamps for installation underground shall be listed for that type of installation by the clamp manufacturer.(3)Aluminum DWV Pipe. Joints for connecting aluminum DWV pipe or aluminum DWV pipe to hub-less cast iron fittings shall be made with: (a) an end capped adaptor; and(b) an elastomeric sealing sleeve and stainless-steel clamp, clamping screw and housing.(4)Plastic. (a) ABS, PVC and CPVC shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturers' installation instructions and joined using the following methods: 1. Solvent weld following the primer and solvent manufacturer's installation instructions. Where primers are required, they shall be purple in color. Exception: Clear primer shall be allowed which is detectable by ultra-violet light. The licensee shall make a UV light detection device available at the time of inspection.4. Shielded stainless-steel clamps.(b)Cross-linked Polyethylene (PEX). 1. All pipe, fittings and accessories used in the installation of Cross-linked Polyethylene (PEX) piping systems shall be approved by the product manufacturer for use with their system.2. All joints shall be made with pipe and fittings joined in the following manner: a. Flared joints with tools specifically designed for use in this type of system and in accordance with the product manufacturers installation instructionsb. Mechanical joints installed in accordance with the product manufacturers installation instructions.c. Push-fit joints installed in accordance with the product manufacturers installation instructions.d. Compression joints installed in accordance with the product manufacturers installation instructions.(c)Polypropylene (PP). 1. All pipe, fittings and accessories used in the installation of Polypropylene (PP) piping system shall be approved by the product manufacturer for use with their system.2. All joints shall be made with fittings joined in the following manner:b.Mechanical and Compression.(5)Stainless Steel. (a)Mechanical Joints. 1. All joining methods must follow the material manufacturers installation instructions. (6)Slip and Ground Joints. (a) Every slip joint shall be made using proper packing or gasket material. Slip joints may only be used on the inlet fixture side of a trap. See 10.07: Example 1.(b) Ground joint connections that allow the adjustment of piping while providing a rigid joint when made up shall be allowed within the trap seal. See 10.07: Example 2.(c) Devices including strainers, PO (pull out) plugs, tail pieces, waste arms, bathtub wastes and overflows, and any other similar fixture to trap connections made of ABS, PVC, copper alloy or other non-corrosive metal shall have a thickness greater than or equal to 17 gauge. 10.07: Example 1 - Slip Joint
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10.07: Example 2 - Ground Joint
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(7)Threaded Joints. All threaded pipe joints shall be in conformance with American National Taper Pipe Thread. (a) ABS or PVC (DWV) joints when threaded shall use the proper male or female threaded adapters.(b) Only thread tape, lubricant seal or other Product-accepted material as recommended by the manufacturer shall be used.(8)Transition Joints Between Different Piping Materials: (a)Cast Iron to Copper or Brass (DWV).1. Copper or brass soil pipe adapter with caulked and poured lead joint.2. Hub-less transition clamp installed in accordance with the clamp manufacturers' installation instructions.3. Threaded using the proper copper or brass threaded adapter.4. Shielded stainless-steel transition clamp(b)Copper Tubing to Threaded Pipe. 1. Every joint transitioning from copper tubing to threaded pipe shall be made by using brass or wrought copper adapter fittings.2. The joint between the copper pipe and the fitting shall be properly soldered and the connection between the threaded pipe and the fitting shall be made with a standard nominal pipe size connection. Exception: Other Product Accepted forms of connecting copper to threaded pipe shall be allowed.
3. Dielectric unions and fittings shall be allowed and water heaters unless prohibited by the water heater manufacturer.(c)Threaded Pipe to Cast Iron. Joints between threaded brass, stainless steel, galvanized schedule 80 PVC/CPVC or materials listed in 248 CMR 10.13(2) and cast-iron pipe shall be either caulked or threaded or shall be made with approved adapter or transition fittings.(d)Plastic Pipe to Other Materials. Transitions shall be made with proper transition fittings listed by the manufacturer for their intended use. 1.Cast Iron to PVC or ABS. a. Spigot Hub joints shall be connected by caulking with lead and oakum or by using a compression gasket that is compressed when the plastic pipe is inserted in the cast iron hub end of the pipe. No adapters are required for this connection.b. No-hub joints where the outside diameter of the two pipes or fittings to be joined are uniform in diameter may be joined with hub-less transition clamps.(e)Aluminum DWV Pipe to Hub-less Cast-iron Pipe and Fittings. Joints for connecting aluminum DWV pipe or aluminum DWV pipe to hub-less cast-iron fittings shall be made with hub-less transition clamps.(f)PVC to ABS. Joints for connecting PVC to ABS shall be made by: 1. using a DWV male to female adaptor; or2. by a hub-less transition clamp.(g)Special Joints and Connections: Unless specifically outlined in 248 CMR 10.07 or other applicable sections of 248 CMR 10.00, unlike piping materials shall be joined or connected to by use of adapters, transition fittings, prefabricated sealing ring or sleeve.(9)Unions (Water Supply & Distribution System). (a) Ground joint connections that provide a rigid joint;(b) Dielectric type for dissimilar metals.(10)Precast Requirements. Connection of piping concrete tanks shall be by means of an approved coupling with elastomeric gasket, waterproof flexible sleeve, or hydraulic cement.(11)Connections Between Drainage Piping and Certain Fixtures. (a) Connections between drainage pipes and toilets, floor outlet service sinks, pedestal urinals, earthenware trap standards or other similar fixtures with floor outlets shall be fastened with brass, wrought copper, hard lead, iron or plastic flanges, that is caulked, soldered or solvent welded to the flanged connection.(b) A gasket, washer or setting compound between the fixture and the flange is required.(c) Brass, stainless steel or other corrosion resistant nuts and bolts shall be required.(d) Flanges shall be secured to finished floor on which it sets using corrosion resistant screw or bolts.(12)Waterproofing of Openings. (a) Joints terminating at the roof around roof drains and vent pipes shall be made watertight by the use of lead, copper, aluminum, or other flashing or flashing materials.(b) Caps for extended roof flanges shall be made to fit tight to the inside circumference of the vent pipe. The cap shall not decrease the pipe opening by more than the thickness of the cap material.(c) Exterior wall openings shall be made watertight.Amended by Mass Register Issue 1331, eff. 1/27/2017.Amended by Mass Register Issue 1510, eff. 12/8/2023.