Where:
e[emission] = emission rate over the test interval.
m[emission] = emission mass over the test interval.
D = the measured driving distance over the test interval.
Example:
mNOx = 0.3177 g
DHFET = 10.19 miles
Where:
m[emission] = emission mass over the test interval.
Vmix = total dilute exhaust volume over the test interval, corrected to standard reference conditions, and corrected for any volume removed for emission sampling and for any volume change from adding secondary dilution air.
p[emission] = density of the appropriate chemical species as given in § 1066.1005(f) .
x[emission] = measured emission concentration in the sample, after dry-to-wet and background corrections.
c = 10-2 for emission concentrations in %, and 10-6 for emission concentrations in ppm.
Example:
Vmix = 170.878 m3 (from paragraph (f) of this section)
[RHO]NOx = 1913 g/m3
xNOx = 0.9721 ppm
c = 10-6
mNOx = 170.878·1913·0.9721·10-6 = 0.3177 g
Where:
mPM = mass of particulate matter emissions over the test interval, as described in § 1066.815(b)(1), (2), and (3) .
Vmix = total dilute exhaust volume over the test interval, corrected to standard reference conditions, and corrected for any volume removed for emission sampling and for any volume change from adding secondary dilution air. For partial-flow dilution systems, set Vmix equal to the total exhaust volume over the test interval, corrected to standard reference conditions.
VPMstd = total volume of dilute exhaust sampled through the filter over the test interval, corrected to standard reference conditions.
Vsdastd = total volume of secondary dilution air sampled through the filter over the test interval, corrected to standard reference conditions. For partial-flow dilution systems, set Vsdastd equal to total dilution air volume over the test interval, corrected to standard reference conditions.
mPMfil = mass of particulate matter emissions on the filter over the test interval.
mPMbkgnd = mass of particulate matter on the background filter.
Example:
Vmix = 170.878 m3 (from paragraph (g) of this section)
VPMstd = 0.925 m3 (from paragraph (g) of this section)
Vsdastd = 0.527 m3 (from paragraph (g) of this section)
mPMfil = 0.0000045 g
mPMbkgnd = 0.0000014 g
Where:
mPM = mass of particulate matter emissions over the entire FTP.
Vmix = total dilute exhaust volume over the test interval, corrected to standard reference conditions, and corrected for any volume removed for emission sampling and for any volume change from adding secondary dilution air.
V[interval]-PMstd = total volume of dilute exhaust sampled through the filter over the test interval (ct = cold transient, s = stabilized, ht = hot transient), corrected to standard reference conditions.
V[interval]-sdastd = total volume of secondary dilution air sampled through the filter over the test interval (ct = cold transient, s = stabilized, ht = hot transient), corrected to standard reference conditions.
mPMfil = mass of particulate matter emissions on the filter over the test interval.
mPMbkgnd = mass of particulate matter on the background filter over the test interval.
Example:
Vmix = 633.691 m3
Vct-PMstd = 0.925 m3
Vct-sdastd = 0.527 m3
Vs-PMstd = 1.967 m3
Vs-sdastd = 1.121 m3
Vht-PMstd = 1.122 m3
Vht-sdastd = 0.639 m3
mPMfil = 0.0000106 g
mPMbkgnd = 0.0000014 g
mPM = 0.00222 g
Where:
mPM = mass of particulate matter emissions over the entire FTP.
V[interval]-exhstd = total engine exhaust volume over the test interval (ct = cold transient, s = stabilized, ht = hot transient), corrected to standard reference conditions, and corrected for any volume removed for emission sampling.
V[interval]-PMstd = total volume of dilute exhaust sampled through the filter over the test interval (ct = cold transient, s = stabilized, ht = hot transient), corrected to standard reference conditions.
V[interval]-dilstd = total volume of dilution air over the test interval (ct = cold transient, s = stabilized, ht = hot transient), corrected to standard reference conditions and for any volume removed for emission sampling.
mPMfil = mass of particulate matter emissions on the filter over the test interval.
mPMbkgnd = mass of particulate matter on the background filter over the test interval.
Example:
Vct-exhstd = 5.55 m3
Vct-PMstd = 0.526 m3
Vct-dilstd = 0.481 m3
Vs-exhstd = 9.53 m3
Vs-PMstd = 0.903 m3
Vs-dilstd = 0.857 m3
Vht-exhstd = 5.54 m3
Vht-PMstd = 0.527 m3
Vht-dilstd = 0.489 m3
mPMfil = 0.0000106 g
mPMbkgnd = 0.0000014 g
mPM = 0.00269 g
Where:
mPM = mass of particulate matter emissions over the entire FTP.
Vmix = total dilute exhaust volume over the test interval, corrected to standard reference conditions, and corrected for any volume removed for emission sampling and for any volume change from secondary dilution air.
V[interval]-PMstd = total volume of dilute exhaust sampled through the filter over the test interval (ct = cold transient, cs = cold stabilized, ht = hot transient, hs = hot stabilized), corrected to standard reference conditions.
V[interval]-sdastd = total volume of secondary dilution air sampled through the filter over the test interval (ct = cold transient, cs = cold stabilized, ht = hot transient, hs = hot stabilized), corrected to standard reference conditions.
mPMfil = mass of particulate matter emissions on the filter over the test interval.
mPMbkgnd = mass of particulate matter on the background filter over the test interval.
Example:
Vmix = 972.121 m3
Vct-PMstd = 0.925 m3
Vct-sdastd = 0.529 m3
Vcs-PMstd = 1.968 m3
Vcs-sdastd = 1.123 m3
Vht-PMstd = 1.122 m3
Vht-sdastd = 0.641 m3
Vhs-PMstd = 1.967 m3
Vhs-sdastd = 1.121 m3
mPMfil = 0.0000229 g
mPMbkgnd = 0.0000014 g
mPM = 0.00401 g
Where:
mPM = mass of particulate matter emissions over the entire FTP.
V[interval]-exhstd = total engine exhaust volume over the test interval (ct = cold transient, cs = cold stabilized, ht = hot transient, hs = hot stabilized), corrected to standard reference conditions, and corrected for any volume removed for emission sampling.
V[interval]-PMstd = total volume of dilute exhaust sampled through the filter over the test interval (ct = cold transient, cs = cold stabilized, ht = hot transient, hs = hot stabilized), corrected to standard reference conditions.
V[interval]-dilstd = total volume of dilution air over the test interval (ct = cold transient, cs = cold stabilized, ht = hot transient, hs = hot stabilized), corrected to standard reference conditions and for any volume removed for emission sampling.
mPMfil = mass of particulate matter emissions on the filter over the test interval.
mPMbkgnd = mass of particulate matter on the background filter over the test interval.
Example:
Vct-exhstd = 5.55 m3
Vct-PMstd = 0.526 m3
Vct-dilstd = 0.481 m3
Vcs-exhstd = 9.53 m3
Vcs-PMstd = 0.903 m3
Vcs-dilstd = 0.857 m3
Vht-exhstd = 5.54 m3
Vht-PMstd = 0.527 m3
Vht-dilstd = 0.489 m3
Vhs-exhstd = 9.54 m3
Vhs-PMstd = 0.902 m3
Vhs-dilstd = 0.856 m3
mPMfil = 0.0000229 g
mPMbkgnd = 0.0000014 g
mPM = 0.00266 g
Where:
V[flow]std = total flow volume at the flow meter, corrected to standard reference conditions.
V[flow]act = total flow volume at the flow meter at test conditions.
pin = absolute static pressure at the flow meter inlet, measured directly or calculated as the sum of atmospheric pressure plus a differential pressure referenced to atmospheric pressure.
Tstd = standard temperature.
pstd = standard pressure.
Tin = temperature of the dilute exhaust sample at the flow meter inlet.
Example:
VPMact = 1.071 m3
pin = 101.7 kPa
Tstd = 293.15 K
pstd = 101.325 kPa
Tin = 340.5 K
Where:
VCVSstd = total dilute exhaust volume over the test interval at the flow meter, corrected to standard reference conditions.
Vgasstd = total volume of sample flow through the gaseous emission bench over the test interval, corrected to standard reference conditions.
VPMstd = total volume of dilute exhaust sampled through the filter over the test interval, corrected to standard reference conditions.
Vsdastd = total volume of secondary dilution air flow sampled through the filter over the test interval, corrected to standard reference conditions.
Example:
Using Eq. 1066.605-8:
VCVSstd = 170.451 m3, where VCVSact = 170.721 m3, pin = 101.7 kPa, and Tin = 294.7 K
Using Eq. 1066.605-8:
Vgasstd = 0.028 m3, where Vgasact = 0.033 m3, pin = 101.7 kPa, and Tin = 340.5 K
Using Eq. 1066.605-8:
VPMstd = 0.925 m3, where VPMact = 1.071 m3, pin = 101.7 kPa, and Tin = 340.5 K
Using Eq. 1066.605-8:
Vsdastd = 0.527 m3, where Vsdaact = 0.531 m3, pin = 101.7 kPa, and Tin = 296.3 K
Vmix = 170.451 + 0.028 + 0.925 - 0.527 = 170.878 m3
Where:
[DELTA]t = 1/'record
Eq. 1066.605-11
Example:
N = 505
QCVS1= 0.276 m3/s
QCVS2= 0.294 m3/s
'record = 1 Hz
Using Eq. 1066.605-11:
[DELTA]t = 1/1 = 1 s
VCVS = (0.276 + 0.294 + QCVS505) · 1
VCVS = 170.721 m3
Example:
QCVS = 0.338 m3/s
[DELTA]t = 505 s
VCVS = 0.338·505
VCVS = 170.69 m3
40 C.F.R. §1066.605