Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Act”), and Rule 19b-4 thereunder, notice is hereby given that on September 21, 1999, the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. (“NASD” or “Association”), through its wholly-owned subsidiary The Nasdaq Stock Market, Inc. (“Nasdaq”), filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC” or “Commission”) the proposed rule change as described in Items I, II, and III below, which Items have been prepared by Nasdaq. The Commission is publishing this notice to solicit comments on the proposed rule change from interested persons.
17 CFR 240.19b-4.
On November 10, 1999, Nasdaq filed Amendment No. 1, which refiled the proposed rule change pursuant to Rule 19(b)(2) rather than pursuant to Rule 19(b)(3)(A) and Rule 19b-4(f)(6), as it was originally filed. Letter from Peter R. Geraghty, Assistant General Counsel, the Nasdaq Stock Market Inc., to Richard Strasser, Assistant Director, SEC, Market Regulation, dated November 10, 1999.
I. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Terms of Substance of the Proposed Rule Change
Nasdaq is proposing to amend Rules 4623 and 4613(e) of the NASD to incorporate the requirements of Regulation ATS into the NASD's rule. Below is the text of the proposed rule change. Proposed new language is in italics; proposed deletions are in brackets.
4623. Alternative Trading Systems [Electronic Communications Networks]
(a) The Association may provide a means to permit alternative trading systems (“ATSs”), as such term is defined in Regulation ATS, and electronic communications networks (“ECN s”), as such term is defined in SEC Rule 11Ac1-1(a)(8),
(1) to [meet] comply with SEC Rule 301(b)(3);
(2) to comply with the terms of the ECN display alternative provided for in SEC Rule 11Ac1-1(c)(5)(ii)(A) and (B) (“ECN display alternative s”); or
(3) to provide orders to Nasdaq voluntarily.
In providing any such means, the Association shall establish a mechanism that permits the ATS or ECN to display the best prices and sizes of orders entered into the ATS or ECN by Nasdaq market makers (and other [entities] subscribers of the ATS or ECN, if the ECN or ATS so chooses [)] or is required by SEC Rule 301(b)(3) to display a subscriber's order in Nasdaq) [into the ECN], and allows any NASD member the electronic ability to effect a transaction with such priced orders that is equivalent to the ability to effect a transaction with a Nasdaq market maker quotation in Nasdaq operated systems.
(b) An ATS or ECN that seeks to utilize the Nasdaq-provided means to comply with SEC Rule 301(b)(3), the ECN display alternatives, or to provide orders to Nasdaq voluntarily shall:
(1) demonstrate to the Association that it is in compliance with Regulation ATS or that it qualifies as an ECN meeting the definition in the SEC Rule;
(2) be registered as a NASD member;
(3) enter into and comply with the terms of a Nasdaq Workstation Subscriber Agreement, as amended for ATSs and ECNs ;
(4) agree to provide for Nasdaq's dissemination in the quotation data made available to quotation vendors the prices and sizes of Nasdaq market maker orders (and orders from other [entities] subscribers of the ATS or ECN, if the ATS or ECN so chooses [)] or is required by SEC Rule 301(b)(3) to display a subscriber's order in Nasdaq), at the highest buy price and the lowest sell price for each Nasdaq security entered in and widely disseminated by the ATS or ECN; and prior to entering such prices and sizes, register with Nasdaq Market Operations as an ATS or ECN; [and]
(5) provide an automated execution or, if the price is no longer available, an automated rejection of any order routed to the ASTS or ECN through the Nasdaq-provided system[.]; and
(6) not charge to broker-dealers that access the ATS or ECN through Nasdaq any fee that is inconsistent with the requirements of SEC Rule 301(b)(4).
(c) When a NASD member attempts to electronically access through a Nasdaq-provided system an ATS or ECN-displayed order by sending an order that is larger than the ATS's or ECN's Nasdaq-displayed size and the ATS or ECN is displaying the order in Nasdaq on a reserved size basis, the NASD member that operates the ATS or ECN shall execute such Nasdaq-delivered order:
(1) Up to the size of the Nasdaq-delivered order, if the ATS or ECN order (including the reserved size and displayed portions) is the same size or larger than the Nasdaq delivered order; or
(2) Up to the size of the ATS or ECN order (including the reserved size and displayed portions), if the Nasdaq-delivered order is the same size or larger than the ATS or ECN order (including the reserved size and displayed portions).
No ATS or ECN operating in Nasdaq pursuant to this rule is permitted to provide a reserved-size function unless the size of the order displayed in Nasdaq is 100 shares or greater. For purposes of this rule, the term “reserved size'' shall mean that a customer entering an order into an ATS or ECN has authorized the ATS or ECN to display publicly part of the full size of the customer's order with the remainder held in reserve on an undisplayed basis to be displayed in whole or in part as the displayed part is executed.
4613. Character of Quotations
(e) Locked and Crossed Markets
(1) * * *
The prohibitions of this rule include the entry of a locking or crossing quotation at or after 9:25:00 a.m. Eastern Time if such quotation continues to lock or cross the market at the market's opening, and requires a market maker , [or] ECN , or an ATS that enters a locking or crossing quotation at or after 9:25:00 a.m. Eastern Time to take action to avoid the lock or cross at the market's open or immediately thereafter, but in no case more than 30 seconds after 9:30:00 a.m.
(2) No Changes
(3) For purposes of this rule, the term “market maker'' shall include:
([i]A) any NASD member that enters into an ECN, as that term is defined in SEC Rule 11Ac1-1(a)(8), priced order that is displayed in The Nasdaq Stock Market; [and]
([ii]B) any NASD member that operates the ECN when the priced order being displayed has been entered by a person or entity that is not a NASD member ;[.]
(C) any NASD member that enters into an ATS, as that term is defined in SEC Regulation ATS, an order that is displayed in The Nasdaq Stock Market; and
(D) any NASD member that operates the ATS when the order being displayed ha been entered by a person or entity that is not an NASD member.
II. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change
In its filing with the Commission, Nasdaq included statements concerning the purpose of and basis for the proposed rule change and discussed any comments it received on the proposed rule change. The text of these statements may be examined at the places specified in Item IV below. Nasdaq has prepared summaries, set forth in Sections (A), (B), and (C) below, of the most significant aspects of such statements.
(A) Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change
1. Purpose
Recently, the Commission adopted a set of rules under the Act that govern alternative trading systems, including electronic communication networks (“ECN”). Regulation ATS governs alternative trading systems that choose to register as broker-dealers (hereinafter referred to as “ATSs”). The most familiar type of ATS is an ECN; however, the definition of ATS encompasses other types of trading systems that register as broker dealers. For example, an electronic trading system that only accepts orders from institutions and non-market-maker broker-dealers would be an ATS. Such a system would not be an ECN, however, because, by definition, an ECN is a system that accepts orders from market makers.
17 CFR 242.300 et seq. (“Regulation ATS”).
See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 40760 (December 8, 1998), 63 FR 70844 (December 22, 1998).
SEC Rule 11Ac1-1(a)(8), 17 CFR 240.11Ac1-1(a)(8).
The NASD's current rules capture only those ATSs that meet the definition of ECN. Therefore, it is necessary to amend these rules to capture those ATSs that do not meet the definition of ECN. The NASD also must make several other changes to incorporate the requirements of Regulation ATS into its rules. Nasdaq is proposing to amend NASD Rule 4623, which currently governs ECNs that display orders in Nasdaq (“ECN Rule”), and NASD Rule 4613(e), which governs locked and crossed markets (“Locked and crossed Market Rule”). The amendments will: (1) Incorporate into the ECN Rule the new obligations that are imposed on ECNs under Regulation ATS, (2) extend the current ECN Rule so that it captures other types of ATSs, and (3) extend the current Locked and Crossed Market Rule to capture other types of ATSs.
ECN Rule
Regulation ATS requires ATSs (including ECNs) that account for a significant percentage of the volume in a security listed on Nasdaq to display in the public quotation stream the orders of all subscribers of the ATS, which includes orders from institutions and broker-dealers that are not market makers. Currently, the ECN Rule only requires ECNs to display orders entered by market makers. Accordingly, Nasdaq is proposing to amend the ECN Rule to require ECNs to display in Nasdaq any subscriber orders required under Regulation ATS.
Specifically, if during at least 4 of the preceding 6 calendar months an ATS accounts for five percent or more of the aggregate average share volume in a Nasdaq National Market (“NNM”) or SmallCap security, the ATS must display the best prices of orders entered by all subscribers (e.g., market makers, non-market makers, and institutions). For example, if as calculated on July 1, 1999 an ATS accounted for 7% of the trading volume in an NNM security during January, February, April, and May 1999, the ATS would be required to reflect in Nasdaq its best priced order even if the order is from an institution or other entity that is not a Nasdaq market maker. The Nasdaq securities subject to this requirement are being phased-in according to a schedule set by the Commission. See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 41297 (April 16, 1999), 64 FR 19450 (April 21, 1999).
As discussed above, Regulation ATS also governs alternative trading systems that are organized other than as ECNs. Consequently, these other types of ATSs may be required to display orders in Nasdaq. Nasdaq is proposing to expand the current ECN Rule to encompass these other types of ATSs. These systems will have to fulfill a series of obligations identical to those imposed on ECNs that display orders in Nasdaq.
Locked and Crossed Markets
The Locked and Crossed Markets Rule, NASD Rule 4613(e), is designed to limit locked and crossed markets by imposing on market makers an obligation to take reasonable measures before locking or crossing a market. Currently included within the definition of market maker for purposes of this rule is: (1) Any NASD member that enters orders into an ECN, or (2) any NASD member that operates as an ECN (when the priced order being displayed by the ECN has been entered by an entity that is not an NASD member). Reasonable measures include attempting to execute against the contra side of the market prior to entering an order into Nasdaq's systems that would lock or cross the market in a security. Nasdaq is proposing to amend the Locked and Crossed Markets Rule to capture NASD members that place orders in an ATS or operate as an ATS (when the priced order being displayed by the ATS has been entered by an entity that is not an NASD member).
2. Statutory Basis
Nasdaq believes that the proposed rule change is consistent with the provisions of Sections 11A and 15A(b)(6) of the Act. Section 11A(a)(1)(C) provides that is in the public interest and appropriate for the protection of investors and the maintenance of fair and orderly markets to assure: (1) Economically efficient execution of securities transactions; (2) fair competition among brokers and dealers; (3) the availability to brokers, dealers and investors of information with respect to quotations and transactions in securities; (4) the practicability of brokers executing investors orders in the best market; and (5) an opportunity for investors' orders to be executed without the participation of a dealer. Section 15A(b)(6) requires that the rules of a registered national securities association be designed to prevent fraudulent and manipulative acts and practices, to promote just and equitable principles of trade, to foster cooperation and coordination with persons engaged in regulating, clearing, settling, processing information with respect to, and facilitating transactions in securities, to remove impediments to and perfect the mechanism of a free and open market and a national market system, and, in general, to protect investors and the public interest; and are not designed to permit unfair discrimination between customers, issuers, brokers, or dealers. Nasdaq believes the proposal is consistent with Sections 11A(a)(1)(C) and Section 15A(b)(6) because it will permit Nasdaq to incorporate ATS orders into the Nasdaq quote montage and provide NASD members with the ability to access these orders. In addition, to limit market disruptions caused by locked or crossed markets, the proposal would require members that submit orders to ATSs and ATSs, in certain circumstances, to take reasonable measures before locking or crossing a market. Finally, the amendments would incorporate into the NASD's rules the new obligations imposed on ECNs by Regulation ATS.
15 U.S.C. 78k-1(a)(1)(C).
15 U.S.C. 78k-1 and 78o-3(b)(6).
(B) Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Burden on Competition
Nasdaq does not believe that the proposed rule change will result in any burden on competition that is not necessary or appropriate in furtherance of the purposes of the Act, as amended.
(C) Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Comments on the Proposed Rule Change Received From Members, Participants or Others
Written comments were neither solicited nor received.
III. Date of Effectiveness of the Proposed Rule Change and Timing for Commission Action
Within 35 days of the date of publication of this notice in the Federal Register or within such longer period (i) as the Commission may designate up to 90 days of such date if it finds such longer period to be appropriate and publishes its reasons for so finding or (ii) as to which the self-regulatory organization consents, the Commission will:
A. by order approve such proposed rule change, or
B. institute proceedings to determine whether the proposed rule change should be disapproved.
IV. Solicitation of Comments
Interested persons are invited to submit written data, views, and arguments concerning the foregoing. Persons making written submissions should file six copies thereof with the Secretary, Securities and Exchange Commission, 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549-0609. Copies of the submission, all subsequent amendments, all written statements with respect to the proposed rule change that are filed with the Commission, and all written communications relating to the proposed rue change between the Commission and any person, other than those that may be withheld from the public in accordance with the provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be available for inspection and copying in the Commission's Public Reference Room. Copies of such filing will also be available for inspection and copying at the principal office of the NASD. All submisisons should refer to SR-NASD-99-49 and should be submitted by March 23, 2000.
For the Commission, by the Division of Market Regulation, pursuant to delegated authority.
Margaret H. McFarland,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. 00-5060 Filed 3-1-00; 8:45 am]
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