AGENCY:
U.S. Copyright Office, Library of Congress.
ACTION:
Publication of list identifying copyrights restored under the Uruguay Round Agreements Act for which a Notice of Intent to Enforce restored copyrights was filed in the U.S. Copyright Office.
SUMMARY:
The U.S. Copyright Office is publishing a list of works for which it has received and processed a Notice of Intent to Enforce copyrights restored under the Uruguay Round Agreements Act. The Office is required by law to publish such lists to provide a public record of works in which copyrights have been restored and whose owners have notified the Office of their intent to enforce those copyrights. In addition, publication triggers the statutory 12-month grace period within which reliance parties may continue to exploit existing copies of the identified works.
DATES:
February 4, 2019.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Regan A. Smith, General Counsel and Associate Register of Copyrights, at regans@copyright.gov; or Kevin R. Amer, Senior Counsel for Policy and International Affairs, at kamer@copyright.gov. Each may be reached by telephone at 202-707-8350.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. Background
The Uruguay Round Agreements Act (“URAA”) provides for the restoration of copyright in certain works of foreign origin that previously were in the public domain in the United States. Enacted in 1994 to implement U.S. obligations under the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (“TRIPS”) of the World Trade Organization (“WTO”), the URAA extends copyright to works that are protected in nations adhering to certain international copyright agreements to which the United States is a party, but that were unprotected in the United States for any of three reasons: (1) Noncompliance with formalities imposed at any time by United States copyright law, including failure of renewal, publishing the work without a proper notice, or failure to comply with any manufacturing requirements; (2) lack of subject matter protection in the case of sound recordings fixed before February 15, 1972; or (3) lack of national eligibility (i.e., the work is from a country with which the United States did not have copyright relations at the time of the work's publication). A work meeting these criteria is protected “for the remainder of the term of copyright that the work would have otherwise been granted in the United States if the work never entered the public domain in the United States.”
Public Law 103-465, 108 Stat. 4809 (1994).
Id. 104A(a)(1)(B).
Under the URAA, copyright in restored works vests automatically on the date of restoration. That date was January 1, 1996, if the work's source country was already a member of the WTO or the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works (“Berne Convention”) as of that date. Otherwise, the date of restoration is the earliest of (1) the date the source country becomes a WTO member, (2) the date of the country's adherence to the Berne Convention, the WIPO Copyright Treaty, or the WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty, or (3) the date when the President issues a proclamation extending copyright restoration to that country. For a published work, the “source country” is the eligible country in which the work is first published or, in the case of a work published on the same day in multiple countries, the eligible country with the most significant contacts with the work. For an unpublished work, the source country is (1) the eligible country in which the author or rightholder is a national or domiciliary, (2) if the work has multiple authors or rightholders, the country in which the majority of foreign authors or rightholders are nationals or domiciliaries, or (3) the nation other than the United States with the most significant contacts with the work, in cases where the majority of authors or rightholders are not foreign.
Id. 104A(a)(1)(A).
Id. 104A(h)(1)-(2).
Id. 104(h)(8)(C).
Id. 104A(h)(8)(B).
Although the copyright owner may immediately enforce the restored copyright against individuals who infringe his or her rights on or after the date of restoration, the copyright owner's right to enforce the restored copyright is delayed against “reliance parties.” Typically, a reliance party is one who was already using the work before the source country became eligible for copyright restoration. Before a copyright owner can enforce a restored copyright against a reliance party, the copyright owner must file a Notice of Intent to Enforce the copyright (“NIE”) with the Copyright Office or serve an NIE on such a party. Thereafter, reliance parties may continue to exploit existing copies of the work for a twelve-month grace period.
Id. 104A(h)(4).
Id. 104A(d)(2).
Id. 104A(d)(2)(A)(ii), (B)(ii).
An NIE may be filed in the Copyright Office within twenty-four months after the date of restoration of copyright. NIEs appropriately filed with the Copyright Office and published in the Federal Register serve as constructive notice to all reliance parties. Alternatively, an owner may serve an NIE on an individual reliance party at any time after the date of restoration. Such notices, however, are effective only against the party served and other reliance parties who have actual knowledge of the notice and its contents.
Id. 104A(d)(2)(A)(i).
Id. 104A(c).
Id. 104A(e)(2)(A).
Id. 104A(c).
The Copyright Office is directed to “publish in the Federal Register, commencing not later than 4 months after the date of restoration for a particular nation and every 4 months thereafter for a period of 2 years, lists identifying restored works and the ownership thereof if a notice of intent to enforce a restored copyright has been filed.” The Office does not research the facts stated in an NIE to determine whether a work is or is not eligible for restoration or whether the submitter has asserted a valid claim of copyright ownership. Nor does the Office adjudicate between competing parties who have filed NIEs for the same works. Accordingly, the Office's publication of a list of works for which an NIE has been filed indicates only that one or more parties have claimed rights in those works; it does not represent a determination by the Office that those claims are valid. In all cases, the validity of such a claim is governed by the terms of the applicable law, including the URAA, as applied to the relevant facts.
Id. 104A(e)(1)(B)(i).
Under the URAA, however, a material false statement knowingly made with respect to any restored copyright identified in an NIE “shall make void all claims and assertions made with respect to such restored copyright.” Id. 104A(e)(3).
II. List of Works for Which a Notice of Intent To Enforce Was Received
On July 24, 2018, an NIE was filed with the Copyright Office on behalf of Fakhria Zahir, who claims ownership of restored copyrights in 447 sound recordings. The NIE identifies Afghanistan as the source country for each of these works. Afghanistan became a WTO member on July 26, 2016, prior to its adherence to any of the other international agreements relevant to copyright restoration under the statute. Therefore, U.S. copyrights in eligible works for which Afghanistan is the source country were restored on that date. Because the NIE was filed with the Office within twenty-four months after restoration, it is timely for purposes of securing publication in the Federal Register.
See Afghanistan and the WTO, World Trade Organization, https://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/countries_e/afghanistan_e.htm (last visited Jan. 29, 2019); U.S. Copyright Office, Circular 38A: International Copyright Relations of the United States, at 4 (2019), available at https://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ38a.pdf (noting Afghanistan's adherence to the Berne Convention as of Jun. 2, 2018). Afghanistan has not been the subject of a presidential proclamation of copyright restoration.
Due to unintended delays in the routing and processing of this NIE, publication has been delayed beyond the four-month period set forth in the statute.
Accordingly, the Office is publishing the following list of works identified in the NIE:
Aasheq Shodam Gunaham Hameen Ast
Abroha Bar Qolaha
Abroha Gul Ha
Afsoos
Agar Bahar Beyayad
Agar Bahar Biyayad (home recording version)
Agar Ein Asoman Setara
Agar Ishq Bashad
Agar Maikhara Wa Mastam
Agar Penhan Bowad Paida
Agar Sabza Bodam
Agar Sabza Boodam (home recording version)
Agar Tu Yarake Man Bashi (home recording version)
Agar tu Yarakeman Bashi
Agar Ze Khalq Malamat
Agar Ze Khalq Malamat (home recording version)
Aghaz Gashta Zendagi (Choon Sahar)
Ah Chee Khosh Amadi
Ahange Zindagi
Ahesta Bero
Ai Yar Khoob Royan
Aiy Bewafa Bewafa
Aiy Dusitan Eh Dusitan
Aiy Naigarai Man
Aiy Padesha Khoban
Akherin Shame Aashenaye Maa
Akhir ay Darya
Akhir Ay Darya (home recording version)
Amad Nafase Sobho
Amrahan Judayee Maslahat Neist
Asheqam Asheq Ba Royat
Ashiq Shodam Gowaham
Ashiq Shudayie Hay Dil
Ashiqe Royat Man
Ashko Haye Man Hamchon
Asoman Ay Asoman
Asoman Khaleest
Asoman Khalist (home recording version)
Awaleen Eshqam Tu Boodi (home recording version)
Awaleen Ishqam To Bodi
Awara Bechara Qalbe Man
Awara Bechara Qalbe Man (home recording version)
Ay Aahe Sahargah Tu
Ay Badida am Tarik
Ay Bekhabar Az Darde Man
Ay Bekhabar Az Darde Man (home recording version)
Ay Bewafa Ay Bewafa
Ay Bote Berahem
Ay Bulbule Khosh Elhan
Ay Dil Ay Dil
Ay Dil Tu Gerya Kam Kon
Ay dozdida chashm
Ay Gulezare Man
Ay Hamwatan Ay Neroyee
Ay Ishq
Ay Ishq Tu Wai Ra Na
Ay Jane Man Asirat
Ay Jane Man Asirat (home recording version)
Ay Ke Az Kelke Honar
Ay ke az Yaar Neshan
Ay Mahe Kenhanie Man
Ay Naame Ghamat Taranaye Man
Ay Name Ghamat Taranaye Man (home recording version)
Ay Nazanin Az Ishqe Tu
Ay Nazanin Dar Eshqe Tu (home recording version)
Ay Negahat Sabztar
Ay Nilagoon Daryaye Man
Ay Padshahe Khooban
Ay Qawme Ba Haj Rafta
Ay Rashke Gul Ha
Ay Rasht Gulha
Ay Sarban Ahesta Raw
Ay Sarban Ahesta Raw (home recording version)
Ay Sholay Azin
Ay Surode Wapasinam
Ay Tere Ghamat Ra
Ay Yare Khobe Man
Ay Yare Khobe Man (home recording version)
Aya sayad rahme kon
Az An Roz Ke Payman
Az Asheeyaan Juda Gashta
Az Bara-e Gham-e Man
Az Baraye Ghame Man
Az Baraye Ghame Man (home recording version)
Az Bast Yadeh Tu
Az Beygonai Tu
Az Dastat Feghan Feghan
Az Ghamat ai Nazinin (home recording version)
Az Ghamat Ay Nazaneen
Az Naazo chi Mekhandani
Az Parda Beeroon Nashaw
Az Peshe Man Beraw
Az Peshe Man Beraw (home recording version)
Az Safar Khosh Amadi
Az Tangnaye Mahbase Tariki
Az Tu Duram
Azizam Ba Yadat Shabhaye
Ba Aan Hama Qawlo Qararo Payman
Ba An Hama Qawl o Qarar
Ba Asoman Begoyed
Ba Atashin Khoye Khod
Ba Azmai Tuba Istakhara Konam
Ba Azme Toba
Ba Daghe Na Moradi Sokhtam
Ba dile man sharar afroz
Ba Juz To Monese Digar
Ba Khabar Bash Ba Khabar
Ba Khod Guftam
Ba Khoda Tang Ast Dilam
Ba Khoda Tang Ast Dilam (home recording version)
Ba Kodam Dar Rawam Man
Ba Saghar Naqel Kard
Ba Saghar Naqel Kard (home recording version)
Ba Sange Gham Zadi
Ba Zameen Pasa
Bacha Nasho Ay Dil
Bad az ein ke Raqib
Bada Ha Khaleest (home recording version)
Bada Ha Khalist
Badwayet Konom
Badwayit Konom (home recording version)
Bahar Amad
Bahar Ast O Saman
Bahare Jawaneyam Raft
Bahare Man Hazar Az Naw
Bahd Az Khuda Yagana Khudaye
Bairaway Da Ghareebaan
Bar Khatere Azada
Baramd Az Pase Koh
Barayam Gerya kon Imshab
Bas Kai Jafa Zekhar O Gul (home recording version)
Baske Jafa Ze Khar o Gul
Baz Amadi Ay Jane Man
Baz Amadi Ay Jane Man (home recording version)
Baz Ayo Kenaram Beneshin
Baz Mekhaham Tura Ay Ishqe Man
Bazi To Kardi
Be Tu Gul Gashte Chaman
Bego Ke Gul Naferestad
Begzar bigiriam Man
Begzar Ta Begeryam
Begzarad Begzarad Omre Man
Begzarad Begzarad Omre Man (home recording version)
Begzaro Ta Begeryam
Beman Ay Shab
Benazam Qalbe Pakat
Berawed Ay Areefan
Bewafa Yaram
Bewafa Yaram (home recording version)
Bewafai Makon Ay Negaram
Beyayed Beyayed Ba Maidane
Beyayed Beyayed Ke Gulzar
Beyayed Beyayed Ke Gulzar (home recording version)
Bia Berem Ba Sangeran
Bimaram o Ghair Az Jigare
Biyayed Biyayed
Bodana Jan Bodana
Borida Bad Paye Man
Borida Bad Paye Man (home recording version)
Bosa Ha Talab Mekonad
Bote Nazaninam
Boye Khush Bahar
Boye To Khizad Hanoz
Boye To Khizad Hanoz (home recording version)
Bulbule Shoridah
Chal Akela Chal Akela
Chal Akela Chal Akela (home recording version)
Chal Chal Mere Saathi
Chashm Ba Rahat Dil ba Yadat
Chashmak Bezan Setara
Chashme Seya Dari
Che Behoda Che Sada
Che Garmi Chi Khubi Sharabi
Che Khahe Goft
Che Khelaf Sar Zad Az Ma
Che Khelaf Sar Zad Az Ma (home recording version)
Che Shod ke Rekht o ba Ham
Chera Dishab Ba Soye Man
Chi Shab Ha Ba Yadat
Chon darakht farwardin
Da Jamhoriat Zamong
Danam Chera Chashmane Tu
Dar Chee Konai Emshaw
Dar Damane Sahra
Dar Konje Dilam
Darakht Yaar Darakht Sabz
Dast Az Talab Nadaram
Delat Mekhast Baraye Tu
Dele Ma Har Chee Risho
Dil Ze Sawdaye Du Chashme
Dilaizar Raika Man
Dilakam Hay Dilakam
Dilakam Hay Dilakam (home recording version)
Dilam Dar Ashiqi Awara Shod
Dilat Mekhat Barayie Tu
Dilbara Gar tu Yaareman Bashi
Dile Devana
Dil-e Diwana
Dile Ma Har Chi Resh
Door Az Tu Har Shab
Dostat Daram Wallah Bellah
Dostet Darom Hamisha
Dozde Ishqam Man o Deshab
Ein Chi Ishqest
Ein Shero Ra Baraye Tu
Elahi Man Namedanam (home recording version)
Ellahi Man Namidanam
Emroz Farda
Emshab Shoda Am Mast
Emshab Shodaim mast
Eshqe Tu Bar Man
Faqat Soze Delam Ra
Gah Dar Aghoshe Ein
Gah Dar Aghoshe Ein (home recording version)
Gar Chi Chashme Tu
Gar chi Mastim O Kharabim
Gar Koni Yak Nezara
Gar Zolfe Porayshanat
Gar Zuif Preshanatu (home recording version)
Garchi Mastim
Goftam Ke Mekhwaham Tura
Gofti Ke Mibosam Tora
Goftom Ke Naro
Gozasht Anke Tu Sarkhile
Gul Sabo Ba Dosh Amad
Gule Sangam Gule Sangam
Gule Sangam Gule Sangam (home recording version)
Haasha Ke Man ba Mowsum
Hai Sharmaon Kis Kis Ko Bataon
Hai Yare Khobe Man
Hama Roz Az To
Hama Yaranam Ba Porayshani
Hama Yaranam Ba Preshani (home recording version)
Hamash Dardo Hamash Ranj
Hamash Dardo Hamash Ranjo Hamash Gham
Hamcho Nai Menalam
Hanoz Bar Labe Man
Har Chando Ke Door
Har Chando Ke Door (home recording version)
Hargez Hargez
Hargez Kasai Baroz
Hargez Kase Ba Roz
Harja Ke Safar Kardam
Harja Ke Safar Kardam (home recording version)
Hawaye Ishqe To Az Sar
Hosnat Robayad Aab o taTaab
Imshab az Bada kharabam
Imshab Ba Bame Asoman
Imshab Ba Qesaee Dile Man
Imshab Ba Qesaee Dile Man (home recording version)
Imshab Ba Yade Roye Tu
Ishq Mani
Ishq o Mehrat
Ishqai Bemanee Dil Barey
Ishqe Man Ba Tu Bood
Its Now or Never
Jeena Yahan Marna Yahan
Jeena Yahan Marna Yahan (home recording version)
Kaash Ay Tanha Omide Zendagi
Kajakee Abroyet
Kajaki Abroyat Nesh Kazhdum
Kame Na Randayem
Karda Am Nala Base
Kas Ra Khabar Nabasha
Kashke Kashke
Kasho Bodam Lala
Kasrah Khabar Nabsha
Kay Bashad o Kay
Khabar Dari Ke Dein
Khal Ba Konje Lab Yaki
Khanda Ba Lab Haye Tura
Kharabam Ze Masti
Khodat Medani Guleman
Khodat Medani Guleman (home recording version)
Khuda Bowad Hamrahet
Khuda Bowad Yaaret
Khuda Bowad Yaret (home recording version)
Khwab Az Chashmanam Raboodi
Kist Dar Shahro Ke
Kistam Man Rahnaward
Kitna Nazuk Hai Dil
Kojaye Delbare Man
Laili Laili Laili Jaan (home recording version)
Laili Laili Laili Jan
Lar Sha Nangarhar Ta
Lewanai Zuma
Magar Khuda Ze Raqiban
Mah Ham Ze Rah Rasid
Mah Ham Ze Rah Rasid (home recording version)
Maihan ay Maihan
Man Agar Dewanaham
Man Bare Sangeenam
Man Dar in Wayrana Manzil
Man Dar Saraye Tu
Man Gholame Qamaram
Man Ghulame Qamaram (home recording version)
Man Masto To Deewana
Man Na Goyam Kai Tu Bai Mehro Wafayee
Man Nadanistam
Man Nadanistam (home recording version)
Man Nagoyam Ke Mara Az Qafas
Man nainawazam
Man Randa Ze Maikhana
Mana Goyum Kai Mara Az Qafas Azad Konai
Mara An Roz Geryan Afaridan
Mara Chun Qatrayie Ashke
Mara Dil Khoon Kardi
Mara Mara May Bede
Maranjan Delam Ra
Maranjan Dilam Ra (home recording version)
Marge man
Marge Man Roze Faraa
Mashooqa basaman shod
Mashoqa Ba Saman Shud (home recording version)
Mast Shodam Saqi
Megom Ke Dostet Darom
Megum Ke Dostet Darum (home recording version)
Megzarat
Mera Hum Dum Milgaya
Merawam Khasta o Afsorda
Merawi Az Man Labrize Feghanam
Merawi az Man o Labreze
Meri Gagan
Mikhandam Agar Imshab
Milga Yah Sultan Edo
Mobarak Mobarak Jamhoori Ma
Mordam Az Dard
Na Dil Maftoon Dilbande
Na Dil Maftoon
Na Hum Tume Jaane
Na sorode Na Soroure
Nabari goman ke mofteh
Nala Ba Dil Shod Gereh
Nala Kon Ai Dile Shorida
Namedanam Ba Roye Ki Bekhandam
Namekhaham Tura
Namikhwaham To Ra
Naro Naro Az Peyshim
Nazanine
Ne Ne Hargez Hargez
Negah Kon Negah Kon
Oba Darta Rawram, Saba Darta Pakham
Oba Dirta Rawlom
Oh Bano Bano Jana
Oh Na Razi Janan Zama
Oh Na Razi Janan Zama (home recording version)
Omaid Zindagi
Paida Shodo Paida Shod
Pas Azin Zari Makon
Pen Dashtam Gulai Khaterai Mani
Pendashotam Hamisha Gule
Pere Rased o Fasele Jawani
Piri Raseed
Piri Rasido Fasle Jawani
Porkon Peyala Ra
Poshida Chon Jan Merawi
Poshida Choon Jan Mirawi
Pyar Ka Qabil Narahai
Qadah Ra Sar Konid
Qadah Ra Sar Konid (home recording version)
Que Sera Sera
Rakra Sharab Da Sro Labaano Sanam
Raqs Bokon Shor Bede
Raw Sar Bene Ba Balin
Raw Sar Bene Ba Balin (home recording version)
Royhai Nahaistan Gujast
Roz o Shabam (Ze hadesat)
Roz o Shabam (Ze hadesat) (home recording version)
Sad Rah Dar Intezarat
Sad Rah Dar Intezarat (home recording version)
Sahar megoft o bulbul
Sakhi Jaan Merawai
Saqiya Mara Daryab
Sar Sare Poshta
Sayad Nasasat Ze Kafas Azadam
Setara Dida Fero Bast
Shab Cho Dar Bastam
Shab Hai Zulmani
Shab Haye Rawshan
Shab Haye Zolmani
Shabe Ra Ba Man
Shabe Ze Shabha
Shadi Koned Ay Dostan
Shadi Koned Hai Dostan (home recording version)
Shekast Ahde Man o Goft
Shekast Ahde Mano Goft
Shekayat Daram
Shekayat Darum (home recoring version)
Shudam Dewana Dewana
Sorma Kadi
South of the Border
Soze Qalbam Jawedani
Surma Kadi Bemorom Sura Kadi
Surode Shabangah
Ta Ba Jafayat Khosham
Taal Mile
Tan Ha Tui
Tanha Shodam Tanha
Tanha Tarin Marde Zaminam
Tanha Toye
Tanha Toye Tanha Toye (home recording version)
Tel De Wae Naseeb
Toba Toba az Shabe Hijran
Tu Ba Mani To Ba Mani
Tu Ba Mani To Ba Mani (home recording version)
Tu Ba Yak Dashte Pur Az Gul
Tu Barayem Moqadasi
Tu Barayem Moqadasi (home recording version)
Tu Dani Tu Ze Chi Jawhar
Tu Darakhtai Parwardi
Tu Gar Ba Man Yar Shawi
Tu Gule Naaze Hama
Tura Afsoone Chashmanam
Tura Sad Bar Goftam
Tura Sad Bar Guftam (home recording version)
Untitled 1—Ahmad Zahir talking to friends and saying even though we don't see each other often, our friendship and closeness remain in our hearts. He plays a song for all of his friends.
Untitled 2—Ahmad Zahir improv at family gathering
Untitled 3—Ahmad Zahir improv in Pashto, followed by a song
Untitled 4—Ahmad Zahir being humorous and goofing off with a friend, singing a humorous song
Untitled 5—Ahmad Zahir freestyle jam session
Untitled 6—Ahmad Zahir and Fakhria Zahir composing a message for Fakhria's parents
Untitled 7—Ahmad Zahir talking about a poem, starts to sing `Har Chando Ki Door As Tu o Peshe Degaranam' which means `No matter how far I am from you'
Wai Baran Baran
Waqte ke Dil Tangast
Way man Behoda ham
Yade Aan Sarwe Rawan
Yade Rozogare Shirin
Yak Dil Miga Boro (Sultane Qalbha)
Yar Az Dile Man Khabar
Yar Ba Ma Bewafaee
Yarab Ghame Be Rahmye Janan
Yarake Man Chura Khosh
You Are My Sunshine
Zabanam Ra Namefahmi
Ze Bas Ba Yade Tu Har
Ze Dastam Bar Namekhezad
Ze Dastam Bar Namekhizad
Ze Hamrahan Jedayee
Ze Jane Man Chi Mikhahi
Ze Sang Nest Qable Man
Ze Sango Nist Qalbeman
Zeba Negaram Ba Man
Zebaam Kai Barkhast
Zindagi Akher Sarayad
Zindagi Chist
Zindagi Kuch Bhi Nahi Sirf Kahaani Hai
Zindagy Akher Sarayad
Dated: January 30, 2019.
Regan A. Smith,
General Counsel and Associate Register of Copyrights.
[FR Doc. 2019-00874 Filed 2-1-19; 8:45 am]
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