Civil Penalties

AGENCY:

Office of the Secretary, DOT.

ACTION:

Final rule.

SUMMARY:

The Wendell H. Ford Aviation Investment and Reform Act for the 21st Century (AIR 21) revised several civil penalty provisions applicable to violations of the aviation economic requirements of Title 49. By this rule, the Department of Transportation (Department) is modifying its regulations to reflect these revised civil penalties. This rule also reviews those civil penalties unaffected by the recent statutory amendments to determine whether they should be adjusted to recognize inflation that has occurred since the adoption of part 383 in 1997. This review is required under the Federal Civil Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act of 1990 and the Debt Collection Improvement Act of 1996.

EFFECTIVE DATE:

This rule is effective on November 15, 2000. However, the statutory amendments it reflects became effective on April 5, 2000, by their own terms.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:

Nicholas Lowry, Attorney, Office of Aviation Enforcement and Proceedings (C-70), Department of Transportation, 400 Seventh Street, SW., Washington, DC 20590, (202) 366-9349.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. Civil Penalty Adjustments Required by AIR 21.

The Wendell H. Ford Aviation Investment and Reform Act for the 21st Century (AIR 21) among other things amended the statutory provisions proscribing discriminatory practices in air transportation and the civil penalties for violations of those provisions. Section 706 of AIR 21 creates a new section 40127 of Title 49 which specifically prohibits discrimination by air carriers or foreign air carriers on the basis of race, color, national origin, religion, sex or ancestry. In addition, section 707(a) of AIR 21 extended the anti-discrimination provisions of 49 U.S.C. 41705, the Air Carrier Access Act, which formerly applied only to air carriers, to foreign air carriers, as well.

With respect to the civil penalties the Department may impose, section 707(b) of AIR 21 amended the provisions of 49 U.S.C. 46301(a)(3) to apply a $10,000 maximum civil penalty to each violation of section 41705. In addition, section 222 of AIR 21 established $2,500 as the maximum civil penalty amount for each violation of section 40127 or 41712 (the latter of which prohibits unfair and deceptive trade practices and unfair methods of competition).

The recent legislation does not affect the civil penalty provisions applicable to violations of all other aviation economic requirements, or Department rules or orders not proscribed or issued under section 40127, 41705 or 41712. For example, penalties for violations of reporting requirements, cases involving certain unauthorized operations, or cases involving violations of other Department orders or rules not issued pursuant to the authority of 49 U.S.C. 40127, 41705, or 41712, remain at the current level of $1,100 per violation under AIR 21.

II. Inflation Adjustment of Other Civil Penalty Provisions

The Debt Collection Improvement Act of 1996 (Pub. L. 104-134, sec. 31001) requires each agency to adjust each civil monetary penalty within its jurisdiction by the inflation adjustment described in section 5 of the Federal Civil Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act of 1990 (Pub. L. 101-410). Section 5 requires the adjustment to be rounded to the nearest multiple of $1,000 for penalties greater than $1,000 and less than or equal to $10,000. The adjustment is to be the percentage increase in the Consumer Price Index (CPI) from June of the calendar year in which the penalty was last adjusted to June of the year preceding the year in which the revision is proposed. Under the 1996 act, agencies are to review civil penalties which they administer at least once every four years. The civil penalties to which the adjustment would apply here are those civil penalty provisions not affected by AIR 21, that is, penalties for all violations other than cases involving 49 U.S.C. 40127, 41705, or 41712 or regulations or orders issued thereunder.

Since the total inflation as measured by the CPI between June 1997 and June 2000 was approximately 7 percent, an appropriate increase in the civil penalty amount would be $77. In view of the rounding provision of the statute, therefore, no adjustment of the civil penalty amount is warranted at this time.

III. Waiver of Notice of Proposed Rulemaking

In developing this final rule, we are waiving the usual notice of proposed rulemaking and public comment procedures set forth in the Administrative Procedure Act (APA) (5 U.S.C. 553). The APA provides an exception to the notice and comment procedures when an agency finds there is good cause for dispensing with such procedures on the basis that they are impracticable, unnecessary or contrary to the public interest. We have determined that under 5 U.S.C. 553(b)(3)(B) good cause exists for dispensing with the notice of proposed rulemaking and public comment procedures for this rule. Specifically, this rulemaking is required by the Wendell H. Ford Aviation Investment and Reform Act for the 21st Century, the Federal Civil Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act of 1990, and the Debt Collection Improvement Act of 1996, with no issues of policy discretion. Accordingly, we believe that opportunity for prior comment is unnecessary and contrary to the public interest, and are issuing these revised regulations as a final rule.

IV. Regulatory Impact Statement

Executive Order 12866 and DOT Regulatory Policies and Procedures

This final rule has been evaluated in accordance with the existing policies and procedures and is considered to be not significant under both Executive Order 12866 and DOT Regulatory Policies and Procedures. The final rule is exempt from review by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) in accordance with the provisions of Executive Order 12866, because it is limited to the adoption of statutory language, without interpretation. This final rule amends the regulations implementing the civil penalty provisions to comply with AIR-21 and reviews the civil penalties unaffected by the recent statutory amendments to determine if inflation adjustments are necessary in accordance with Federal Civil Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act and the Debt Collection Improvement Act. This rule simply adjusts or sets penalties for those who violate the regulations. As a result, we have determined that there are no economic consequences flowing from this rule. Indeed, to avoid any costs, regulated entities need only comply with the law.

Regulatory Flexibility Act

The Regulatory Flexibility Act of 1980 requires an assessment of the impacts of proposed and final rule on small entities. An agency must prepare a regulatory flexibility analysis that is consistent with the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601-612), unless the agency can certify that a regulation will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. This rule imposes no substantive burden and merely amends the existing penalties for those who engage in prohibited conduct to reflect statutory changes. The civil penalties will affect only those who engage in conduct prohibited by statute or related regulations. Those who comply with the law will not be affected by the civil penalties. Accordingly, the Office of the Secretary certifies that this action will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities.

Paperwork Reduction Act

This final rule imposes no new reporting or record keeping requirements necessitating clearance by OMB.

List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 383

• Administrative practice and procedure
• Penalties

Accordingly, the Department of Transportation revises Part 383 of Title 14, as set forth below:

PART 383—CIVIL PENALTIES

Authority: Secs. 222, 706, 707(b), Pub. L. 106-181, 114 Stat. 61; Pub. L. 101-410, 104 Stat. 890, as amended by sec. 31001, Pub. L. 104-134, 110 Stat. 1321.