Adjustments to Civil Monetary Penalty Amounts

AGENCY:

Securities and Exchange Commission.

ACTION:

Notice of annual inflation adjustment of civil monetary penalties.

SUMMARY:

The Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) is publishing this notice pursuant to the Federal Civil Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act Improvements Act of 2015 (the “2015 Act”). This Act requires all agencies to annually adjust for inflation the civil monetary penalties that can be imposed under the statutes administered by the agency and publish the adjusted amounts in the Federal Register. This notice sets forth the annual inflation adjustment of the maximum amount of civil monetary penalties (“CMPs”) administered by the Commission under the Securities Act of 1933, the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), the Investment Company Act of 1940, the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, and certain penalties under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. These amounts are effective beginning on January 15, 2019, and will apply to all penalties imposed after that date for violations of the aforementioned statutes that occurred after November 2, 2015.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:

Stephen M. Ng, Senior Special Counsel, Office of the General Counsel, at (202) 551-7957, or Hannah W. Riedel, Senior Counsel, Office of the General Counsel, at (202) 551-7918.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. Background

This notice is being published pursuant to the 2015 Act, which amended the Federal Civil Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act of 1990 (the “Inflation Adjustment Act”). The Inflation Adjustment Act previously had been amended by the Debt Collection Improvement Act of 1996 (the “DCIA”) to require that each federal agency adopt regulations at least once every four years that adjust for inflation the CMPs that can be imposed under the statutes administered by the agency. Pursuant to this requirement, the Commission previously adopted regulations in 1996, 2001, 2005, 2009, and 2013 to adjust the maximum amount of the CMPs that could be imposed under the statutes the Commission administers.

The 2015 Act replaces the inflation adjustment formula prescribed in the DCIA with a new formula for calculating the inflation-adjusted amount of CMPs. The 2015 Act requires that agencies use this new formula to re-calculate the inflation-adjusted amounts of the penalties they administer on an annual basis and publish these new amounts in the Federal Register by January 15 of each year. The Commission previously published the first annual adjustment required by the 2015 Act on January 6, 2017 (the “2017 Adjustment”). As part of the 2017 Adjustment, the Commission promulgated 17 CFR 201.1001(a) and Table I to Subsection 1001, which lists the penalty amounts for all violations that occurred on or before November 2, 2015. For violations occurring after November 2, 2015, Subsection 1001(b) provides that the applicable penalty amounts will be adjusted annually based on the formula set forth in the 2015 Act. Subsection 1001(b) further provides that these adjusted amounts will be published in the Federal Register and on the Commission's website. The Commission subsequently published the next annual adjustment on January 8, 2018 (the “2018 Adjustment”).

A CMP is defined in relevant part as any penalty, fine, or other sanction that: (1) Is for a specific amount, or has a maximum amount, as provided by federal law; and (2) is assessed or enforced by an agency in an administrative proceeding or by a federal court pursuant to federal law. This definition applies to the monetary penalty provisions contained in four statutes administered by the Commission: The Securities Act, the Exchange Act, the Investment Company Act, and the Investment Advisers Act. In addition, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act provides the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (the “PCAOB”) authority to levy civil monetary penalties in its disciplinary proceedings pursuant to 15 U.S.C. 7215(c)(4)(D). The definition of a CMP in the Inflation Adjustment Act encompasses such civil monetary penalties.

II. Adjusting the Commission's Penalty Amounts for Inflation

This notice sets forth the annual inflation adjustment required by the 2015 Act for all CMPs under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, the Investment Company Act, and the Investment Advisers Act, and certain civil monetary penalties under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.

Pursuant to the 2015 Act, the penalty amounts in the 2018 Adjustment are adjusted for inflation by increasing them by the percentage change between the Consumer Price Index for all Urban Consumers (“CPI-U”) for October 2017 and the October 2018 CPI-U. OMB has provided its calculation of this multiplier (the “CPI-U Multiplier”) to agencies. The new penalty amounts are determined by multiplying the amounts in the 2018 Adjustment by the CPI-U Multiplier and then rounding to the nearest dollar.

For example, the CMP for certain insider trading violations by controlling persons under Exchange Act Section 21A(a)(3) was readjusted for inflation as part of the 2018 Adjustment to $2,052,107. To determine the new CMP under this provision, the Commission multiplies this amount by the CPI-U Multiplier of 1.02522, and rounds to the nearest dollar. Thus, the new CMP for Exchange Act Section 21A(a)(3) is $2,103,861.

Below is the Commission's calculation of the new penalty amounts for the penalties it administers:

Pursuant to the 2015 Act and 17 CFR 201.1001, the adjusted penalty amounts in this notice (and all penalty adjustments performed pursuant to the 2015 Act) apply to penalties imposed after the date the adjustment is effective for violations that occurred after November 2, 2015, the 2015 Act's enactment date. These penalty amounts supersede the amounts in the 2018 Adjustment. For violations that occurred on or before November 2, 2015, the penalty amounts in Table I to 17 CFR 201.1001 continue to apply.

By the Commission.