Ashcroft v. Iqbal

Holding that a claim is plausible where a plaintiff's allegations enable the court to draw a "reasonable inference" the defendant is liable

Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly

Holding that a complaint's allegations should "contain sufficient factual matter, accepted as true, to 'state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face' "

Lujan v. Defs. of Wildlife

Holding that the elements of standing "must be supported in the same way as any other matter on which the plaintiff bears the burden of proof"

Amchem Prods., Inc. v. Windsor

Holding that courts are "bound to enforce" Rule 23's certification requirements, even where it means decertifying a class after they had reached a settlement agreement and submitted it to the court for approval

Los Angeles v. Lyons

Holding there is no justiciable controversy where plaintiff had once been subjected to a chokehold

Fogerty v. Fantasy, Inc.

Holding that under the Copyright Act fee-shifting statute, 17 U.S.C. § 505, defendants and plaintiffs are to be treated the same, contrary to the Court's interpretation of § 1988

Cipollone v. Liggett Group, Inc.

Holding that an express warranty was not a "requirement ... imposed under State law" because the obligation was imposed by the warrantor

Balistreri v. Pacifica Police Dept

Holding that a cognizable gender discrimination claim could be brought by a female domestic violence victim where the victim alleged police denied protection and made misogynistic comments including that "he did not blame [the victim's] husband for hitting her, because of the way she was 'carrying on'"

Kwikset Corp. v. Superior Court

Holding "the standards for establishing standing under section 17204 and eligibility for restitution under section 17203 are wholly distinct"

Ellis v. Costco Wholesale Corp.

Holding that plaintiffs' commonality must connect to their claim for class relief

Rule 12 - Defenses and Objections: When and How Presented; Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings; Consolidating Motions; Waiving Defenses; Pretrial Hearing

Granting the court discretion to exclude matters outside the pleadings presented to the court in defense of a motion to dismiss

Rule 8 - General Rules of Pleading

Holding that "[e]very defense to a claim for relief in any pleading must be asserted in the responsive pleading. . . ."

Section 349 - Deceptive acts and practices unlawful

Granting "any person who has been injured by reason of any violation of this section" the right to "bring an action in his own name"

Section 2072 - Rules of procedure and evidence; power to prescribe

Granting the Supreme Court, not the parties, authority to "prescribe general rules of practice and procedure" for federal district court cases

Section 350 - False advertising unlawful

Prohibiting false advertising

Section 17204 - Actions for Injunctions by Attorney General, District Attorney, County Counsel, and City Attorneys

Allowing actions brought by "any person who has suffered injury in fact and has lost money or property"

Section 614.1 - Period

Noting “[t]his section, as amended by Acts 2017 (87 G.A.) ch. 64, S.F. 413, does not apply to an improvement to real property in existence prior to the effective date of this Act [July 1, 2017]...”

Section 17535 - Injunctive relief

Granting the city attorney authority to sue under the FAL in terms largely identical to those used in the UCL

Section 2-607 - Effect of Acceptance; Notice of Breach; Burden of Establishing Breach After Acceptance; Notice of Claim or Litigation to Person Answerable Over

Section 13-80-101 - General limitation of actions - three years

Stating that "[a]ll contract actions" must be commenced "within three years after the cause of action accrues, and not thereafter"