Celotex Corp. v. Catrett

Holding that a movant's summary judgment motion should be granted "against a [nonmovant] who fails to make a showing sufficient to establish the existence of an element essential to that party's case, and on which that party will bear the burden of proof at trial"

Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co. v. Zenith Radio

Holding that, on summary judgment, antitrust plaintiffs "must show that the inference of conspiracy is reasonable in light of the competing inferences of independent action or collusive action that could not have harmed" them

Friends of the Earth, Inc. v. Laidlaw Envtl. Servs. (TOC), Inc.

Holding that plaintiffs who curtailed their recreational activities on a river due to reasonable concerns about the effect of pollutant discharges into that river had standing

Scheuer v. Rhodes

Holding that executive branch officers had qualified immunity

Conley v. Gibson

Holding that "a complaint should not be dismissed for failure to state a claim unless it appears beyond doubt that the plaintiff can prove no set of facts in support of his claim which would entitle him to relief"

Boag v. MacDougall

Holding the transfer to another prison did not moot a prisoner's claim for damages arising from placement in solitary confinement

FW/PBS, Inc. v. City of Dallas

Holding that the burden is on the plaintiff to allege facts sufficient to establish jurisdiction (quoting McNutt v. General Motors Acceptance Corp., 298 U.S. 178, 189 (1936))

New York Times Co. v. Sullivan

Holding that a public official or public figure can recover damages for defamation on a matter of public concern only if he proves that the speaker acted with actual malice

Honig v. Doe

Holding that respondent's case in the IDEA context was not moot because he still resided in the state of California, which insisted that all local school districts retain residual authority to exclude disabled children for dangerous conduct

County of Los Angeles v. Davis

Holding that voluntary cessation can render an issue moot if “there is no reasonable expectation ... that the alleged violation will recur”

Rule 12 - Defenses and Objections: When and How Presented; Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings; Consolidating Motions; Waiving Defenses; Pretrial Hearing

Granting the court discretion to exclude matters outside the pleadings presented to the court in defense of a motion to dismiss

Rule 56 - Summary Judgment

Holding a party may move for summary judgment on any part of any claim or defense in the lawsuit

Section 706 - Scope of review

Granting courts jurisdiction to "compel agency action unlawfully held or unreasonably delayed"

Section 552 - Public information; agency rules, opinions, orders, records, and proceedings

Holding that the Court's entering of a “Stipulation and Order” approving the parties' terms of dismissal did not amount to a “court-ordered consent decree” that would render the plaintiff the prevailing party

Section 1746 - Unsworn declarations under penalty of perjury

Permitting the use of declarations instead

Section 553 - Rule making

Exempting "interpretative rules," among other things, from the notice-and-comment requirement

Section 403q - Transferred

Establishing the Office of Inspector General in the Central Intelligence Agency "to initiate and conduct independently inspections, investigations, and audits relating to programs and operations of the Agency"

Section 1907.02 - Definitions

Section 2001.14 - Classification challenges

Defining "authorized holders" to include "individual external to the agency, who ha[ve] been granted access to specific classified information in accordance with the provisions of the" applicable executive order

Section 1907.01 - Authority and purpose