United States Postal Service

National Labor Relations Board - Administrative Judge Opinions

May 3, 2019

02-CA-219434 (N.L.R.B. May. 3, 2019)

JD(NY)-05-19
New York, NY
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
BEFORE THE NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD
DIVISION OF JUDGES
NEW YORK BRANCH OFFICE
UNITED STATES POSTAL SERVICE,
RESPONDENT
and Case: 02–CA–219434
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF LETTER CARRIERS,
CHARGING PARTY
Gregory B. Davis, Esq.,
for the General Counsel.
Roderick D. Eves, Esq.,
for the Respondent.
DECISION
STATEMENT OF THE CASE
JEFFREY P. GARDNER, Administrative Law Judge. The charge in Case 02–CA–219434
was filed on April 30, 2018. The first amended charge was filed on May 29, 2018. The
complaint was issued on September 27, 2018.
The complaint alleges that on or about April 6, 2018, Respondent United States Postal
Service violated Section 8(a)(1) of the Act by denying employee Christopher White1 his
repeated requests to speak with a Union representative during an interview. The complaint
further alleges that Respondent violated Section 8(a)(1) by continuing the April 6, 2018 interview
with White without a representative, and then terminating White’s employment that same day
because he had requested a representative. (GC Exh. 1).2 Respondent denies the substantive
allegations of the complaint.3

1 Mr. White’s full name is Christopher Kenneth White, Jr.
2 Abbreviations used in this decision are as follows: “Tr.” for the Transcript, “Jt. Exh.” for joint exhibits, “GC Exh.”
for the General Counsel's exhibits and “R. Exh.” for Respondent's Exhibits. Specific citations to the transcript and
exhibits are included only where appropriate to aid review, and are not necessarily exclusive or exhaustive.
3 In its Answer, Respondent had inadvertently admitted to Paragraph 5(e) of the Complaint, alleging Respondent
had terminated White because of his concerted activities. Respondent intended to have admitted only Paragraph
5(d), acknowledging merely that it had terminated White, but denying its alleged motive. Respondent moved
without objection to amend its Answer to correct that inadvertent error, and I granted that amendment.

JD(NY)-05-19
2
Beginning January 14, 2019, and ending January 15, 2019, I conducted a trial at the
Board’s New York Regional Office, at which all parties were afforded the opportunity to present
their evidence. On February 12, 2019, the General Counsel and Respondent each filed timely
briefs. Upon consideration of the entire record and the briefs filed, I make the following5
FINDINGS OF FACT
I. JURISDICTION10
Based on the pleadings herein, Respondent admitted and I find that the Board has
jurisdiction over Respondent by virtue of Section 1209 of the Postal Reorganization Act, 39
U.S.C. Section 101 et seq. (hereinafter “PRA”). Respondent further admitted, and I find, that
the Charging Party, National Association of Letter Carriers (hereinafter “the Union”) is a labor 15
organization within the meaning of Section 2(5) of the Act.
II. ALLEGED UNFAIR LABOR PRACTICES
Background
20
Respondent provides postal services for the United States and operates various facilities
throughout the United States in performing that function, including its facility at 255 North Ave.,
New Rochelle, NY (hereinafter “the New Rochelle Main Branch”). Respondent’s city letter
carriers, including its city carrier assistants (hereinafter “CCAs”) are represented by the Union,
and are covered by a collective bargaining agreement, the most recent of which is the 2016-25
2019 National Agreement between the Union and Respondent. (Jt. Exh. 1).
Christopher White was employed as a CCA from approximately January 6, 2018, until
his discharge on April 6, 2018. White testified at the hearing regarding his employment with
Respondent, and the events leading up to his discharge. Also testifying at the hearing for the 30
General Counsel was the Union’s Local Branch 137 President, Joseph DiStefano. Testifying for
Respondent were White’s supervisor Anthony Bardis, Bardis’s manager Angela Cail and New
Rochelle Postmaster Edward DiPasquale.
White’s Training and Employment35
White began a paid training program with Respondent in or about late December 2017,
ahead of his official January 6, 2018 start date as a CCR.4 The training took place in two
locations, part in White Plains, NY and part in upstate New York. Among the subjects covered
at the training was the instruction that CCAs were not required to answer their personal phones 40
outside of working hours. The training also included a presentation by the Union, during which
that instruction was reiterated.5

4 It is nevertheless undisputed that based on his January 6, 2018 official start date, White was still within the 90-
day probationary period applicable to CCAs on the date he was terminated.
5 Not having to answer personal phones outside of working hours was the product of a grievance settlement
reached by the Union in response to an alleged pattern of CCAs being called for business purposes during off
hours. (GC Exh. 2).

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3
White’s primary duty was to deliver mail. From the time he began working until his
discharge, White was primarily assigned to work out of the New Rochelle Main Branch, but on
occasion he would be assigned to work out of other locations in the region, including White
Plains, Larchmont and Mt. Vernon, New York. He traveled to those locations without incident.
At all relevant times, White was living in Mt. Vernon, and relied on public transportation to travel 5
to and from work at the New Rochelle Main Branch. His supervisors were aware of his reliance
on public transportation, and Cail acknowledged at the trial that this was not a problem.
White’s typical work hours were Monday through Saturday, from 10:30 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.
or 7:00 p.m., depending on the workload. Some weeks, he also worked on Sunday delivering 10
packages. There were other weeks when he earned additional overtime as well. Because he
relied on public transportation to get to work, he normally left his home at 9:30 a.m. to catch the
bus, which was about a 15-minute ride to New Rochelle. His normal total commute was about
30 minutes door to door, but varied on days when he was assigned to other than his usual
location.15
Typically, White received his work location assignment before leaving at the end of the
prior day. There was no posted schedule, so he would have to receive his assigned location
each day directly from his supervisor.6 Ordinarily, he would get this assignment in person, but
there were times when his supervisor would call or text him with this assignment later that 20
evening. Sometimes, if he had not heard from his supervisor, White would initiate the call to
find out where to arrive the following morning. On still other occasions, White would arrive to
work at the New Rochelle Main Branch and be sent elsewhere to work that day.
White was not issued a work phone by Respondent. When communicating with his 25
supervisor for work matters, whether sending or receiving calls and/or messages, he used his
personal phone. Notwithstanding the fact that CCAs were not required to answer their personal
phones outside of working hours, it is undisputed that Respondent’s supervisors routinely
continued to attempt to communicate with CCAs outside of working hours.
30
The Events Leading up to White’s Termination
On the day of his termination, April 6, 2018, White was assigned to work at his regular
facility, the New Rochelle Main Branch. The previous day, White had not received his next
day’s assigned location in person, but instead, received this assignment after hours on April 5 35
by text from Bardis.
On the morning of April 6, White observed that he had multiple missed calls from Bardis
and Cail. While on the bus en route to New Rochelle, he called back and spoke to Bardis, who
advised that he wanted White to report to Respondent’s Scarsdale facility that day, rather than 40
to New Rochelle where he was scheduled.7 White had never been assigned to this facility
before, and he did not know where it was located. So, White told Bardis that since he was
already on his way to New Rochelle, he would speak to him when he got there. According to
White, Bardis seemed fine with that plan, and said it was okay. Bardis did not ask where the

6 Usually, the assignments would come from Bardis, although at times Cail also contacted White and other
employees about their assignments.
7 Respondent’s witnesses clarified that the specific assignment for that day was to its Hartsdale facility, one of
multiple facilities located in Scarsdale, NY. There is not a dispute over what location White was to be assigned to
that day, and I will refer to it as the Scarsdale facility herein.

JD(NY)-05-19
4
bus was or tell White where the Scarsdale facility was located. He also did not advise or ask
how White would get to the Scarsdale facility by bus.
According to Bardis, when he spoke with White on the phone to give him his changed
assignment, White told him that he did not want to go to the new location, and that he would not 5
go there. Bardis maintains that White told him he was coming to pick up his check at New
Rochelle, and that was where he was going to work that day. When Bardis told White he could
discipline him for refusing an assignment, White just insisted that he was coming to New
Rochelle. In a subsequently prepared statement by Bardis, echoed second-hand in a separate
statement by Cail, both allege that White insisted he would not work in Scarsdale and that he 10
said they could suspend him for refusing but it would not change his mind.8
When White arrived to New Rochelle, he went directly to speak to Bardis about his
assignment, but when he met him, Bardis asked White why he was not at Scarsdale. White told
Bardis that since he was already on the bus to New Rochelle, he just came in, but that he was 15
fine with going to Scarsdale. It was not unusual for White to be sent to work at a different
location after arriving to New Rochelle, and there is no suggestion that he was ever resistant to
working at any other location.
However, at that point, Bardis told him it was too late, and that White was already in 20
trouble. Bardis told White that they would have to speak with Postmaster DiPasquale, and so
they went together to a private office which was separated from the Postmaster’s office by a
conference room. Once there, Bardis closed the door and the two men were alone in the room.
While they were alone in the office, Bardis told White again that he was in trouble, and 25
that he was either going to be terminated or assigned to a rural route as punishment. Bardis
gave White a paper to sign which White glanced over briefly. White remembers the paper as
being typewritten, with a space for his signature, but with no handwriting.9
At that point, White told Bardis that he needed someone to help him review the 30
document before signing it. White did not specifically say he needed a Union representative,
but Bardis apparently understood the request, and responded by telling White he was only a
CCR and did not have that right. White refused to sign the document.
The two men then left that office and went to a conference room next door where Cail35
was present. Cail testified that she was there because she and DiPasquale could hear the two
men yelling from the Postmaster’s office, although not the exact words, and she was going to
bring them to meet with her and DiPasquale. While in the conference room, in Cail’s presence,
White reiterated his request to speak to someone who can help him, but neither of the
supervisors responded to his request. 40

8 I credit White’s version of this interaction. He testified with a sincere and honest demeanor, and his version was
far more plausible. He frequently worked at locations other than New Rochelle, and there was nothing that would
prevent him from picking up his paycheck and then traveling, on the clock, to his newly-assigned location.
Additionally, I generally did not find Bardis to be a reliable or credible witness throughout his testimony. He
appeared to be testifying more from a rehearsed script than from his actual recollection. To the extent White and
Bardis offered conflicting or inconsistent testimony, I credit White, as I found him to be a more forthright and reliable
witness.
9 It appears that the document which White remembers is an “Employee Evaluation and/or Probationary Report,”
which Bardis acknowledges presenting to him at that time. (R. Exh. 8).

JD(NY)-05-19
5
Postmaster DiPasquale entered a few minutes later, and White began to tell him that he
was not refusing to go to Scarsdale, just that he was already on the bus en route to New
Rochelle. White asked again for someone to speak to, but DiPasquale told White that this was
not his time to talk. White responded saying that “I have rights, and I want to talk to somebody,”
to which DiPasquale replied, “You have no rights.” White insisted that “I’m an American, and I 5
know I do,” but DiPasquale just told him at that point that he was terminated, and told Cail to call
the police.
White told the managers that he was not leaving until he was allowed to speak to
someone, whereupon he called the Union and spoke to DiStefano. At this point, Bardis was still 10
present, but DiPasquale had left and Cail had gone to call the police. White explained to
DiStefano over the phone what had happened, including the fact that White had requested
assistance, and that DiPasquale had ordered him out of the building. DiStefano told White over
the phone that he needed to leave, and White then left the office before any police arrived. In
total, about five minutes had passed from the time DiPasquale told White that he was 15
terminated until the time White had left the facility.
All three managers maintain that White was belligerent from his first interaction with
Bardis and continuing until after he was terminated, and shouting about having unspecified
rights as an American, loudly using the “F” word as he shouted. White denies raising his voice 20
at any point during the meeting with Bardis alone and acknowledges only that he did get a little
upset when he repeatedly called attention to what he believed was a denial of his rights. He
denies using the “F” word at any time that day.
After speaking with White, DiStefano called DiPasquale and asked what happened. 25
DiPasquale advised that he was removing White from service and that he was going to call the
police if he did not leave.10 DeStefano asked DiPasquale why he did not give White a Union
representative when he asked, and DiPasquale told him that CCAs on probation do not have
the right to a representative. DiPasquale later apologized to DeStefano for saying this,
acknowledging he was mistaken about CCA’s rights, but then maintaining that White’s request 30
came after he was already terminated.
By letter dated April 7, 2018, White was advised that he had been terminated for
refusing to follow instructions, attendance related issues and insubordination. (GC Exh. 5). At
trial, DiPasquale acknowledged that neither the alleged refusal to follow instructions nor the 35
alleged attendance issues were the real reason for his termination, but that the real reason for
White’s termination was the alleged insubordination at the April 6 meeting.
White’s Performance and Attendance
40
For the first two months of White’s employment, he was not issued a time card to record
his hours worked. Instead, his supervisor would record his hours manually. Upon receiving a
time card, for the final few weeks of his employment, he would punch in to record his hours. At
no time prior to the day of his termination was White disciplined or counseled in any way for
attendance or timeliness issues.1145

10 At this point, DiPasquale had left the conference room and was not aware that White had also left the premises.
11 Bardis testified that White had been AWOL on one of more occasions, but that he just let it go because White
was a good employee. However, there was no documentary evidence produced to substantiate Bardis’s claim, and
I do not credit this testimony.

JD(NY)-05-19
6
White remembers shadowing another employee for a few weeks in January as part of
his training, although his first day of work for purposes of calculating his probationary period was
January 6, 2018. The parties’ CBA provides for performance evaluations to be given to
probationary employees at the 30, 60 and 80 day points of their probationary period. White
never received a performance evaluation for any of these periods. White also never received 5
any discipline for performance prior to the day of his termination.
On the day of his termination, during the initial meeting when only White and Bardis
were present, Bardis claims to have prepared an evaluation for White, and reviewed it with him.
The report contained notations purporting to have been made on prior dates, but with no 10
signature from White, or any indication that White refused to sign. Bardis admitted that he had
not actually evaluated White at the 30-day point, but maintained that he had done so at the 60-
day point, after which he had given the report to Cail. Cail testified this was not the case.
I do not credit Bardis’s testimony regarding the alleged performance notations he claims 15
to have made for White on his Employee Evaluation and/or Probationary Report. Bardis
displayed confusion with Respondent’s own evaluation process and appeared to be testifying
based not on his recollection, but rather, from the documents presented to him, which he
appeared barely to recognize.
20
ANALYSIS
A. Respondent violated 8(a)(1) of the Act on April 6, 2018, when it refused to
permit White to speak with a representative prior to continuing the meeting with 25
management.
An employee in a unionized workplace has the right, under Section 7 of the Act, to
refuse to submit, without union representation, to an investigatory interview by his employer that
may reasonably lead to discipline. NLRB v. J. Weingarten, Inc., 420 U.S. 251, 256–257 (1975); 30
IBM Corp., 341 NLRB 1288 (2004). As the Supreme Court observed in Weingarten, this is an
important right that “safeguard[s] not only the particular employee's interest, but also the
interests of the entire bargaining unit by exercising vigilance to make certain that the employer
does not initiate or continue a practice of imposing punishment.” Id. at 260.
35
An employee’s Weingarten rights apply only to investigatory interviews. Those rights do
not extend to a meeting held solely for the purpose of communicating to an employee a final
decision to impose a certain discipline, which was made prior to the meeting. Baton Rouge
Water Works Co., 246 NLRB 161 (1979). In addition, in order to invoke the right to have a
union representative present for a meeting with their employer, an employee must reasonably 40
believe that the investigation could result in disciplinary action being taken against them.
Weingarten, at 257.
Here, there can be no doubt that this was an investigatory interview which White would
reasonably have believed could result in disciplinary action. Indeed, upon White’s initial arrival 45
to the New Rochelle facility, Bardis told him he was in trouble and needed to speak with the
Postmaster. And, Bardis took White to a private office to discuss with him the events of that day
and his performance. In addition, Respondent maintains that the decision to terminate White
was made during the meeting, not before. So, this was not a meeting held merely for the
purpose of communicating a final decision.50

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7
Significantly, the right to a representative arises only when the employee requests
representation. Weingarten, at 257. A failure to request representation would defeat a
Weingarten allegation. Kohl’s Food Co., 249 NLRB 75, 78 (1980). However, there is no precise
language which must be used. The request merely must be sufficient to put the employer on
notice that the employee wishes to have union representation. Consolidated Edison, 323 NLRB 5
910 (1997); see also Houston Coca-Cola, 265 NLRB 1488, 1496-1497 (1982) (“No magic or
special words are required to satisfy this element of the Weingarten rationale”).
So, for example, questioning an employer as to whether a representative should be
obtained – “Do I need to get somebody in here?” - has been held sufficient to trigger Weingarten10
rights. General Die Casters, 358 NLRB 742 (2012). Similarly, an employee request that
“someone” be present is sufficient to invoke Weingarten rights. Circuit-Wise, 308 NLRB 1090,
1108-1109)(1997), enf’d. 992 F.2d 319 (2d Cir. 1993). Even a remark as simple as “Do I need a
witness?” has been found to be a valid request for union representation. Bodolay Packaging
Machinery, 263 NLRB 320, 325-26 (1982).15
Here, I credit White’s testimony that he specifically requested to speak to someone to
assist him in his initial meeting with Bardis, and that Bardis told him there was no one to speak
to, and that as a CCA, he was not entitled to that. I also credit White’s testimony that he
reiterated his request to Bardis and Cail, but was ignored. I do not credit either Bardis or Cail in 20
their denials about White’s request.
Moreover, I credit White’s testimony that he asked for someone immediately upon
DiPasquale’s arrival, which is consistent with the fact that he had already asked both Bardis and
Cail for someone to speak to and had his request denied and/or ignored. And I credit White’s 25
testimony that DiPasquale dismissed his request, as it is consistent with DiPasquale’s admitted
belief that White was not entitled to one.12
Finally, I do not credit DiPasquale’s claim that White did not ask for a representative until
after he was terminated. Both he and Cail acknowledge that White was speaking from the 30
moment DiPasquale entered the room, before any action was taken. Additionally, it is
undisputed that White repeatedly told all three supervisors that he had rights, and I find that
having already requested a representative from each of them, it was plain to all three managers
what rights he was referencing.
35
Accordingly, I find that Respondent violated 8(a)(1) of the Act on April 6, 2018, when it
refused to permit White to speak with a representative prior to continuing his meeting with
management.
B. Respondent violated Section 8(a)(1) of the Act on April 6, 2018, when it 40
terminated White because of his protected concerted activity.
The discharge in this case presents a separate question, and compels a Wright Line
analysis for determining when an allegedly discriminatory action violates the Act. Under Wright
Line, the General Counsel must first make a prima facie showing sufficient to support an 45
inference that protected conduct was a motivating factor in the employer’s terminating of the
alleged discriminatees. Wright Line, 251 NLRB 1083 (1980), 10 enfd. 662 F.2d 889 (1st Cir.

12 DiPasquale admitted to DeStefano only after the fact that he had mistakenly believed that CCRs were not
entitled to a representative.

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8
1981), cert. denied 455 U.S. 989 (1982), approved in NLRB v. Transportation Management
Corp., 462 U.S. 393, 399-403 (1983).
The General Counsel must initially show the employee’s protected activity was a
motivating factor in the decision to terminate. See Coastal Sunbelt Produce, Inc. & Mayra L.
Sagastume, 362 NLRB No. 126, slip op. at 1 (2015). Establishing unlawful motivation requires 5
proof that: “(1) the employee engaged in protected activity; (2) the employer was aware of the
activity; and (3) the animus toward the activity was a substantial or motivating reason for the
employer’s action.” Consolidated Bus Transit, Inc., 350 NLRB 1064, 1065 (2007), enfd. 577
F.3d 467 (2d Cir. 2009).
If the General Counsel makes that showing, the burden shifts to the employer to 10
“demonstrate that the same action would have taken place even in the absence of the protected
conduct.” Septix Waste, Inc., 346 NLRB 494, 496 (2006). An employer “cannot simply present
a legitimate reason for its action, but must persuade by a preponderance of the evidence that
the same action would have taken place even in the absence of the protected activity.” W.F.
Bolin Co., 311 NLRB 1118, 1119 (1993).15
Further, if the employer’s proffered reasons are pretextual - either false or not actually
relied on - the employer fails by definition to meet its burden of showing it would have taken the
same action for those reasons absent the protected activity. See Boothwyn Fire Co. No. 1, 363
NLRB No. 191, slip op. at 7 (2016); Pro-Spec Painting, Inc., 339 NLRB 946, 949 (2003); and
Hays Corp., 334 NLRB 48, 49 (2001).20
Here, I find White clearly engaged in protected activity by virtue of his initially requesting
a union representative in his meeting with Bardis, reiterating that request in his meeting with
Bardis and Cail, asking again at the start of his meeting with Bardis, Cail and DiPasquale, and
when he insisted during that meeting that he “had rights” to that requested assistance.13 As
discussed in the previous section of this decision, I find that Respondent was aware of White’s 25
activity.
As for animus, I find the Employer’s formal letter of discharge, attributing White’s
termination first to a refusal to follow instructions, then to attendance related issues, and finally
to insubordination, to be pretextual excuses designed to avoid liability and therefore, evidence 30
of Respondent’s animus. Accordingly, I find that White’s concerted activity was a substantial
and motivating reason for his discharge, and as such, I find the General Counsel has met its
initial prima facie burden.
With the burden shifted to Respondent to demonstrate that it would have taken the same 35
action even in the absence of the protected conduct, I find that Respondent has failed to meet
its burden. First, as noted above, I find that Respondent’s attempt to supplement and bolster
the rationale for White’s termination with additional bases that even DiPasquale acknowledged

13 I note that, although not asserted by the General Counsel, the entire chain of events leading up to White’s
termination began with the Employer calling White on his personal phone outside of working hours, to which
White objected based on the prior settlement between the Union and the Employer that covered the entire
bargaining unit, which objection was arguably protected concerted activity in itself.

JD(NY)-05-19
9
were not real reasons was plainly pretext. See Inter-Disciplinary Advantage, Inc., 349 NLRB
480, 509 (2007).
Moreover, I find that Respondent would not have discharged White had he not
requested the assistance of a union representative for his interview with management on April
6, 2018, and insisted that it was his right to have that assistance. I find nothing of significance 5
occurred between his request for a union representative and his discharge except for his
insistence that he was entitled to that. That timing, given the totality of the circumstances in this
case, cannot be ignored.
Therefore, I find that Respondent has not met its burden under Wright Line, and that it 10
cannot prove it would have taken the same action against White even in the absence of his
protected conduct. Indeed, I find that it would not have discharged White but for the intervening
act of his asserting his Weingarten rights.
Accordingly, I find that Respondent violated Section 8(a)(1) of the Act when it terminated 15
White on April 6, 2018, and therefore, recommend that White be made whole for the unlawful
actions taken by Respondent.
Conclusions of Law
20
1. On or about April 6, 2018, Respondent violated Section 8(a)(1) of the Act by denying
Christopher White his right to have a union representative present for an
investigatory interview which he reasonably believed could result in discipline, in
violation of his Weingarten rights.
25
2. On or about April 6, 2018, Respondent violated Section 8(a)(1) of the Act by
unlawfully terminating White’s employment in retaliation for his protected concerted
activity, specifically, his assertion of his Weingarten rights.
3. The above violations are unfair labor practices within the meaning of the Act.30
Remedy
As I have concluded that the Respondent engaged in certain unfair labor practices, I
shall recommend that it be ordered to cease and desist therefrom and to take certain affirmative 35
action designed to effectuate the policies of the Act. Respondent, having discriminatorily
discharged Christopher White, must rescind its unlawful discipline, offer White reinstatement
and make him whole for any loss of earnings and other benefits resulting from that
discrimination.
Backpay shall be computed in accordance with F. W. Woolworth Co., 90 NLRB 289 40
(1950), with interest at the rate prescribed in New Horizons, 283 NLRB 1173 (1987),
compounded daily as prescribed in Kentucky River Medical Center, 356 NLRB No. 8 (2010).
The Respondent shall also file a report with the Social Security Administration allocating
backpay to the appropriate calendar quarters and shall also compensate the discriminatees for
the adverse tax consequences, if any, of receiving one or more lump-sum backpay awards 45
covering periods longer than 1 year. Latino Express, Inc., 359 NLRB No. 44 (2012).

JD(NY)-05-19
10
In addition, Respondent is ordered to reimburse White for all search-for-work-related
expenses regardless of whether he received interim earnings in excess of these expenses
overall or in any given quarter. King Soopers, Inc., 364 NLRB No. 93 (2016).
On these findings of fact and conclusions of law and on the entire record, I issue the
following recommended145
ORDER
The Respondent, United States Postal Service, its officers, agents, and representatives, shall
10
1. Cease and desist from
(a) Refusing the requests of employees for union representation during investigatory
meetings which they reasonably believe may result in discipline;
15
(b) Discharging or otherwise discriminating against any employee for engaging in activity
protected by Section 7 of the Act;

(c) In any like or related manner, interfering with, restraining, or coercing employees in
the exercise of their rights under Section 7 of the Act. 20
2. Take the following affirmative action necessary to effectuate the policies of the Act.
(a) Within 14 days from the date of the Board’s Order, offer Christopher White full
reinstatement to his former job, or, if that job no longer exists, to a substantially equivalent 25
position, without prejudice to his seniority or any other rights or privileges previously enjoyed.
(b) Make Christopher White whole for any loss of earnings and other benefits suffered as
a result of the discrimination against him, in the manner set forth in the remedy section of the
decision, plus reasonable search-for-work and interim employment expenses regardless of30
whether those expenses exceed his interim earnings.
(c) Compensate Christopher White for the adverse tax consequences, if any, of
receiving a lump-sum backpay award, and file with the Regional Director for Region 2, within 21
days of the date the amount of backpay is fixed, either by agreement or Board order, a report
allocating the backpay award to the appropriate calendar year.35
(d) Within 14 days from the date of this Order, remove from its files any reference to the
unlawful discharge of Christopher White and, within 3 days thereafter, notify him in writing that
this has been done and that neither those disciplines nor discharge will be used against him in
any way.
40
(e) Preserve, and within 14 days of a request, or such additional time as the Regional
Director may allow for good cause shown, provide at a reasonable place designated by the
Board or its agents, all payroll records, social security payment records, timecards, personnel
records and reports, and all other records, including an electronic copy of such records if stored

14 If no exceptions are filed as provided by Sec. 102.46 of the Board’s Rules and Regulations, the findings,
conclusions, and recommended Order shall, as provided in Sec. 102.48 of the Rules, be adopted by the Board and
all objections to them shall be deemed waived for all purposes.

JD(NY)-05-19
11
in electronic form, necessary to analyze the amount of backpay due under the terms of this
Order.
(f) Within 14 days after service by the Region, post at its Main Branch location in New
Rochelle, NY the attached notice marked “Appendix.”15 Copies of the notice, on forms provided
by the Regional Director for Region 2 after being signed by the Respondents’ authorized 5
representatives, shall be posted by the Respondents and maintained for 60 consecutive days in
conspicuous places including all places where notices to employees are customarily posted. In
addition to the physical posting of paper notices, the notices shall be distributed electronically,
such as by email, posting on an intranet or internet site, and/or other electronic means, if the
Respondents customarily communicate with its employees by such means. Reasonable steps 10
shall be taken by the Respondents to ensure that the notices are not altered, defaced, or
covered by any other material. In the event that, during the pendency of these proceedings, the
Respondents have gone out of business or closed the facility involved in these proceedings, the
Respondents shall duplicate and mail, at their own expense, a copy of the notice to all current
employees and former employees employed by the Respondents at the New Rochelle Main 15
Branch facility at any time since April 6, 2018.
(g) Within 21 days after service by the Region, file with the Regional Director a sworn
certification of a responsible official on a form provided by the Region attesting to the steps that
the Respondents have taken to comply.20
Dated; Washington, D.C. May 3, 2019
25
Jeffrey P. Gardner
Administrative Law Judge

15 If this Order is enforced by a judgment of a United States court of appeals, the words in the notice reading
“Posted by Order of the National Labor Relations Board” shall read “Posted Pursuant to a Judgment of the United
States Court of Appeals Enforcing an Order of the National Labor Relations Board.”
JD(NY)-05-19
APPENDIX
NOTICE TO EMPLOYEES
Posted by Order of the
National Labor Relations Board
An Agency of the United States Government
The National Labor Relations Board has found that we violated the National Labor Relations Act
and has ordered us to post and abide by this notice.
FEDERAL LAW GIVES YOU THE RIGHT TO
Form, join, or assist a union
Bargain collectively through representatives of their own choice
Act together with other employees for your benefit and protection
Choose not to engage in any of these protected activities.
WE WILL NOT do anything to prevent you from exercising these rights.
WE WILL NOT refuse the requests of employees for union representation during investigatory
interviews they reasonably believe may result in discipline.
WE WILL NOT discharge or otherwise discriminate against any employee for engaging in
protected concerted activities.
WE WILL NOT in any like or related manner, interfere with, restrain or coerce employees in the
exercise of the rights listed above.
WE WILL, within 14 days from the date of this Order, offer Christopher White full reinstatement
to his former job, or, if that job no longer exists, to a substantially equivalent position, without
prejudice to his seniority or any other rights or privileges previously enjoyed.
WE WILL make Christopher White whole for any loss of earnings and other benefits suffered as
a result of the discrimination against him, plus reasonable search-for-work and interim
employment expenses regardless of whether those expenses exceed his interim earnings.
WE WILL compensate Christopher White for the adverse tax consequences, if any, of receiving
a lump-sum backpay award, and file with the Regional Director for Region 2, within 21 days of
the date the amount of backpay is fixed, either by agreement or Board order, a report allocating
the backpay award to the appropriate calendar years.
WE WILL within 14 days from the date of this Order, remove from our files any reference to the
unlawful discharge of Christopher White, and WE WILL within 3 days thereafter, notify him in
writing that this has been done.

JD(NY)-05-19
United States Postal Service
___________________________________________
(Employer)
Dated By
(Representative) (Title)
The National Labor Relations Board is an independent Federal agency created in 1935 to
enforce the National Labor Relations Act. It conducts secret-ballot elections to determine
whether employees want union representation and it investigates and remedies unfair labor
practices by employers and unions. To find out more about your rights under the Act and how
to file a charge or election petition, you may speak confidentially to any agent with the Board’s
Regional Office set forth below:
26 Federal Plaza, Room 3614, New York, NY 10278-0104
(212) 264-0300, Hours: 8:45 a.m. to 5:15 p.m.
You may also obtain information from the Board’s website: www.nlrb.gov.
The Administrative Law Judge’s decision can be found at www.nlrb.gov/case/02-CA-219434 or by using the QR code
below. Alternatively, you can obtain a copy of the decision from the Executive Secretary, National Labor Relations Board,
1015 Half Street, S.E., Washington, D.C. 20570, or by calling (202) 273-1940.
THIS IS AN OFFICIAL NOTICE AND MUST NOT BE DEFACED BY ANYONE
THIS NOTICE MUST REMAIN POSTED FOR 60 CONSECUTIVE DAYS FROM THE DATE OF
POSTING AND MUST NOT BE ALTERED, DEFACED, OR COVERED BY ANY OTHER
MATERIAL. ANY QUESTIONS CONCERNING THIS NOTICE OR COMPLIANCE WITH ITS
PROVISIONS MAY BE DIRECTED TO THE ABOVE REGIONAL OFFICE’S COMPLIANCE
OFFICER, (212) 264-0300.