Security Services, Inc.Download PDFNational Labor Relations Board - Board DecisionsFeb 26, 1973201 N.L.R.B. 1010 (N.L.R.B. 1973) Copy Citation 1010 DECISIONS OF NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD Security Services, Incorporated and Melvin E. Jones. Case 7-CA-8852 February 26, 1973 SUPPLEMENTAL DECISION AND ORDER By CHAIRMAN MILLER AND MEMBERS FANNING AND PENELLO On October 26, 1972, Administrative Law Judge Thomas E . Maher issued the attached Supplemental Decision I in this proceeding . Thereafter , Respondent filed exceptions and a supporting brief. Pursuant to the provisions of Section 3(b) of the National Labor Relations Act, as amended, the National Labor Relations Board has delegated its authority in this proceeding to a three -member panel. The Board has considered the record and the attached Decision in light of the exceptions and brief and has decided to affirm the rulings , findings,2 and conclusions of the Administrative Law Judge and to adopt his recommended Order as modified. ORDER Pursuant to Section 10(c) of the National Labor Relations Act, as amended, the National Labor Relations Board adopts as its Order the recommend- ed Order of the Administrative Law Judge and hereby orders that Respondent, Security Services, Incorporation, Farmington, Michigan, its officers, agents, successors, and assigns, shall take the action set forth in the Administrative Law Judge's recom- mended Order as herein modified: 1. Add the following subparagraph 1(d) and reletter the present subparagraphs 1(d) and 1(e) to 1(e) and 1(f). "(d) Instructing or requesting employees to engage in surveillance of the union activities of other employees." 2. Substitute the attached notice for the notice of the Administrative Law Judge. 1 On March 10, 1972, the Administrative Law Judge ( then known as Trial Examiner) issued his Decision in which he found that Respondent violated Sec 8(a)(l) and (3) as alleged in the complaint Thereafter, the Board in 198 NLRB No. 174, remanded the case for further hearing to permit Respondent to examine the Charging Party, Melvin E Jones, not previously called as a witness , pursuant to Rule 43(b) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure At the reopened hearing the Respondent was afforded full opportunity to cross-examine Jones Thereafter the Administrative Law Judge issued his Supplemental Decision in which he reaffirmed his findings and conclusions made in his original Decision concerning the ments of this case . In doing so, he found it unnecessary to consider the testimony of Melvin Jones taken at the remand hearing because it did not contradict any of those findings We agree 2 The Respondent has excepted to certain credibility findings made by the Administrative Law Judge. It is the Board 's established policy not to overrule an Administrative Law Judge's resolutions with respect to credibility unless the clear preponderance of all of the relevant evidence convinces us that the resolutions were incorrect . Standard Dry Wall Products, Inc, 91 NLRB 544, enfd 188 F 2d 362 (C A 3). We have carefully examined the record and find no basis for reversing his findings APPENDIX NOTICE TO EMPLOYEES POSTED BY ORDER OF THE NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD An Agency of the United States Government WE WILL NOT unlawfully interrogate our employees concerning their union membership or activities. WE WILL NOT poll our employees to determine their union preferences. WE WILL NOT publish, maintain or enforce any rule prohibiting solicitation by employees without our prior approval. WE WILL NOT instruct or request our employees to engage in surveillance of the union activities of our other employees. WE WILL NOT discourage membership in International Union, United Plant Guard Work- ers of America, or any other labor organization, by terminating the employment of our employees or by thereafter failing and refusing to reinstate them because they engaged in concerted activities or union activities. WE WILL NOT in any other manner interfere with, restrain, or coerce our employees or unlaw- fully discriminate against them in the exercise of the rights guaranteed them by the National Labor Relations Act. WE WILL offer reinstatement to Melvin Jones to his former position or, if that position no longer exists, to a substantially equivalent posi- tion, without prejudice to his seniority or other rights and privileges, dismissing if necessary anyone hired since his discharge on June 27, 1971, and we will make him whole for the losses occurred by him. All of you, our employees, are free to remain or to withdraw from, to become or to refrain from becoming members of International Union, United Plant Guard Workers of America, or any other labor organization. SECURITY SERVICES, INCORPORATED (Employer) Dated By (Representative) (Title) We will notify immediately the above-named indi- vidual, if presently serving in the Armed Forces of the United States, of the right to full reinstatement, upon application after discharge from the Armed 201 NLRB No. 148 SECURITY SERVICES , INC. 1011 Forces, in accordance with the Selective Service Act and the Universal Military Training and Service Act. This is an official notice and must not be defaced by anyone. This notice must remain posted for 60 consecutive days from the date of posting and must not be altered, defaced, or covered by any other material. Any questions concerning this notice or compli- ance with its provisions may be directed to the Board's Office, 500 Book Building, 1249 Washington Boulevard, Detroit, Michigan 48226, Telephone 313-226-3200. SUPPLEMENTAL DECISION STATEMENT OF THE CASE THOMAS F. MAHER, Administrative Law Judge: Upon a charge filed on July 27, 1971, by Melvin E. Jones, an individual, against Security Services, Incorporated, Res- pondent herein, the Regional Director for Region 7 of the National Labor Relations Board , herein called the Board, issued a complaint on behalf of the General Counsel of the Board on August 27, 1971, alleging violations of Section 8(a)(1) and (3) of the National Labor Relations Act, as amended (29 U.S.C., Sec. 151, et seq. ), herein called the Act. In its duly filed answer Respondent , while admitting certain allegations of the complaint, denied the commis- sion of any unfair labor practice. Pursuant to notice a trial was held before me in Detroit, Michigan, on November 11, 1971, where all parties appeared, were represented by counsel and afforded full opportunity to be heard, present evidence and oral argument , cross-examine witnesses , and file briefs. A brief was filed by Respondent on December 10, 1971. Thereafter, on March 10, 1972, I issued my Decision in which I found Respondent to have violated Section 8(a)(1) and (3), as alleged. On August 31, 1972 the Board issued a Decision (198 NLRB No. 174) remanding the case for further hearing to permit Respondent to cross-examine the Charging Party, not previously called as a witness. Pursuant to the order of remand a further hearing was held before me on October 10, 1972, at which time Respondent was afforded full opportunity to cross-examine Melvin Jones . No further witnesses were called as a consequence of this cross-examination. The filing of further briefs in the matter was waived. Upon consideration of the entire record herein, including the brief filed with me , and specifically upon my observation of each witness appearing before me ,' I make the following: FINDINGS OF FACT AND CONCLUSIONS OF LAW I. THE BUSINESS OF THE RESPONDENT Security Services , Incorporated , Respondent herein, is a Michigan corporation with its principal office and place of business at Farmington , Michigan , where it is engaged in providing protective guard services for hire . During the year ending September 30, 1971, Respondent , in the course and conduct of its business operations , performed security services valued in excess of $100 ,000 of which services valued in excess of $50,000 were performed in Michigan for designated companies , each of which annually pur- chased goods valued in excess of $50,000 which are shipped to the facilities of their respective corporations in Michigan directly from outside the State of Michigan. Upon the foregoing admitted facts I conclude and find that the Respondent is an employer engaged in commerce within the meaning of Section 2(6) and (7) of the Act. II. THE LABOR ORGANIZATION INVOLVED It is stipulated by the parties and I accordingly conclude and find that International Union, United Plant Guard Workers of America, herein called the Union, is a labor organization within the meaning of Section 2(5) of the Act. III. THE UNFAIR LABOR PRACTICES A. The Facts In late June 1971 Melvin Jones, a guard employed by Respondent , communicated with Dempsey Dillion , region- al director of the Union , and inquired of the possibility of organizing Respondent 's employees . At a meeting between the two thereafter Dillion gave Jones a supply of application and authorization cards which Jones proceed- ed to distribute among his fellow employees , enlisting their membership in the Union .2 What transpired thereafter can best be detailed by substantial reliance upon the testimony of Respondent 's executive vice president, Allen Silvarman, called as a witness by General Counsel.3 On or about July 16 , 1971, Silvarman summoned Melvin Jones to the office and questioned him at length in the presence of Alfred Lamb , designated as "Inspector" in the organization and stipulated to be a supervisor , and Jerome Silvarman the office manager and brother of Allen Silvarman . Silvarman stated that Jones was called to the i I have considered the testimony of all witnesses , including those whose testimony I neither accept nor refer to. In evaluating the testimony of each witness I have relied specifically on his demeanor and have made my findings accordingly . And while, apart from considerations of demeanor, I have taken into account inconsistencies and conflicting evidence , my failure to detail each of these is not to be deemed a failure on my part to have fully considered it. Bishop and Malco, Inc, 159 NLRB 1159,116 1. Y The credited testimony of Dillion 3 Although considerable of my findings herein are based on Silvarman's testimony I find it incumbent to qualify the credence I place upon him as a witness Throughout his testimony Allen Silvarman gave the definite impression of studied evasion and obfuscation , which on one occasion required a warning by me, on the record, that a continuation of this pattern of answer to the questions propounded would not be tolerated . Neverthe- less, his direct examination , as an adverse witness called by counsel for the General Counsel under Rule 43(b) of the Rules of Federal Procedure, developed an abundance of evidence in support of the allegations in the complaint To the extent, therefore, that portions of Allen Silverman's testimony constitute admissions against his or Respondent 's interest herein, and to the further extent that portions of his testimony are corroborated by the testimony of credible witnesses I shall rely on such portions. The remainder of his testimony I do not accept as credible. In view of this reliance upon Silvarman 's testimony I find it unnecessary to consider the belated testimony of Melvin Jones, taken at the resumed hearing, none of which I find to contradict any finding herein. 1012 DECISIONS OF NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD office to ascertain, among other things, "If he was or was not soliciting for people to Join the Union." This activity, it appears, came to Silvarman's attention through a "discipli- nary action slip" dated the previous day, July 15, and signed by Sgt. Gary Furtner. This slip, indicating on its face the penalty of discharge which was not then carried out, stated: Officer was off duty on the Account. Soliciting personel [sic] for a union for his own gain and profit without sufficient o.k. from the company. In conjunction with this disciplinary slip a written report for the incident was filed with the Company, thus stating, in part: Officer was trying to get F & G drivers and Stationaries at some of the Accts. to sign up for a union without getting authorization from company ... . Silvarman, in describing the interview with Jones, stated that: We asked him if he knew of anybody who was soliciting, if he was organizing, and he denied any of this. When Jones denied the accusations he was reminded of past infractions that had been noted in his personnel file and was told that they expected him to do a good job henceforth. This ended the interview and Jones continued in his job, despite the fact that the disciplinary slip had indicated he was to be discharged. Several days thereafter, on payday, the employees' paychecks were distributed with a form attached, stating: SECRET BALLOT Check one box only and place in ballot box 0 0 I want a union at Security Services I don't want a union at Security Services This was done by Sgt. McNear, pursuant to Silvarman's instructions. The mechanics of this operation were credibly described by employee Pauszkiewicz, conveniently identi- fied throughout the record and in Respondent 's organiza- tion as Mr. Alphabet. Thus the dispatcher gave him a ballot to fill out, and when he filled it out he was given his paycheck. The dispatcher took the ballot and without looking at it or marking it placed it in a box provided for the purpose. Upon tallying these ballots Silvarman noted that Melvin Jones had not complied with the balloting procedure, having signed his name and failed to indicate a choice. About the same time , on July 18, employee Pauszkiewicz received a call from headquarters while on car patrol. He I McNear was not called as a witness Silvarman confirmed the incident. S Silvarman 's version of the overall incident conforms with Pausczkiew- icz' except the manner in which the liaison with Jones was established. Thus was instructed to report at 5 p.m. to a new assignment, North Detroit General Hospital. After he had reported there he was met by Sgt. McNear. Pauszkiewicz' credited account of this meeting following: 4 Sgt. McNear told me at this time the men in the Company were trying to organize the Union, and I would be approached by a gentleman from our corporation in regard to joining the Union, and I was to get all or any information on the man. All cards or anything that was said. And deliver this to either Sgt. McNear or Col. Silvarman. Sgt. McNear then told Pausczkiewicz that it was his job to do and that he would be fired if he did not do it as instructed. Accordingly, when Jones approached him later that evening and asked him to sign a union card Pausczkiewicz agreed to do so. Jones told him that he did not keep cards on his person but would bring him a card the following day. As promised, Jones brought the card to Pausczkiewicz on July 19, and he signed and returned it. He also asked and received from Jones three additional cards, as he had been instructed to do. Then, in accordance with this instruction he called headquarters and was directed to return with the information and the blank cards. Upon his arrival he met with Silvarman, Sgt. Furtner who had disciplined him earlier, and Inspector Lamb. He turned the blank cards over to Silvarman who inspected them and then, returning them instructed him to fill the cards in with names and addresses he could glean from a telephone book , using random social security numbers. Silvarman , by his own admission , filled out one of these cards in this fashion, saying "See how easy it is?"5 When asked at the trial why he did this Silvarman replied that they were interested in finding out where the signed card would go. Pausczkiewicz credibly testified that Silvarman instructed him to return the cards to Jones. At this point in his conversation with Pausczkiewicz Silvarman told him that the Union had to be stopped from coming in because if it came in the men would lose advantages presently enjoyed, and would be required to pay for their gun training. He then instructed Pausczkiew- icz to get all the information that he could on Jones, and expressed the hope that the spurious cards would have the effect of embarassing Jones with the Union and would cause it to drop the campaign. Pausczkiewicz actually turned over 10 cards to the Union and gave Silvarman a written report of his total activities with respect to the cards. On July 26 another employee, John Jones, telephoned to headquarters from his post at North Detroit General Hospital and reported that Melvin Jones, the Charging Party herein, had solicited him to join the Union. Whereupon the full force of Respondent's investigatory resources went into action, the final result of which was Melvin Jones' discharge. A fuller chronology and analysis of this event brings it into clearer focus. Employee John Jones, testifying for the Respondent, stated that on January 25 he was called at home and told not to report to his regular assignment at 1300 Lafayette he described Pauszkiewicz, without identifying him, as a volunteer who was anxious to inform on Jones and help the Company keep the Union out. I do not credit this version. SECURITY SERVICES , INC. 1013 Street, but to take a new assignment at the North Detroit General Hospital where Melvin Jones was regularly assigned to duty at the main desk on the shift beginning 5 p.m. John Jones' assignment was to begin on the follow- ing morning. On January 26 Melvin Jones checked in sometime before 5 p.m., according to John Jones, and he immediately engaged him in the conversation concerning the Union , asking him to sign an authorization card. Shortly thereafter, after 5 p.m., John Jones had occasion to go to the main desk where Melvin Jones was stationed and Melvin Jones again brought up the subject of the Union. Whereupon John Jones returned to his duty station headquarters .6 Shortly thereafter Sgt. Donald Golden and Lt. James Butler appeared on the scene , at the direction of Lamb of headquarters.? Jones repeated his story to the two supervisors and was told to submit a written report to headquarters. The supervisors then proceeded to talk with Melvin Jones and, after verifying the fact that he had solicited John Jones for the Union, relieved him from duty, picked up his badge and other equipment and discharged him. The discharge slip given to Melvin Jones described the circumstances justifying the discharge as follows: Interfering with another officer 's dutyes [sic]. In defense of the action taken against Melvin Jones it is Respondent's contention that he was not discharged for soliciting for the Union but for interfering with another officer while on duty. In this respect it distinguishes the July 26 action of discharge from the July 15 warning to Jones which did not result in a discharge, but in a warning. On that previous occasion Respondent claims that Melvin Jones was reprimanded for violating a company rule respecting solicitation . The rule read as follows and appears in the Company's employee manual: Solicitations and collections for any purpose without specific approval by commanding officer.8 It seeks thus to distinguish the reasons for the discharge and the earlier warning. Furthermore Respondent put into the record documentary evidence of warnings given to Melvin Jones for other transgressions during his term of employment. B. Conclusions A reading of Silvarman's testimony underscores Respon- dent's antipathy towards the unionization of its employees and its determination to thwart it. Thus , as summarized above , Silvarman has virtually admitted to a variety of the strategems traditionally used to unlawfully interfere with employees in the exercise of their rights to self-organization and to restrain and coerce them. He called Jones to his office to question him about his union activity among his fellow guards; specifically asking him if he was organizing for the Union and who else was soliciting for the Union. Several days later Silvarman directed that a ballot be issued canvassing the employees' 6 There is a dispute among Respondent 's witnesses, Jones and Sgt Donald Golden , and the testimony of Vice President Silvarman on this subject . Jones testified that he called headquarters in line of duty and Silvarman testified they received the call , whereas Golden , who appeared on the scene within a short period of time , emphatically denied headquarters received a call and insisted that Silvarman was wrong in his testimony I do not credit Golden and find the call was made. 7 The testimony of Silvarman . John Jones also states that two supervisors choice for or against the Union; and in Pausczkiewicz' testimony it is clear that the receipt of paychecks was conditioned upon the return of such ballot. It is well established that such interrogation and canvassing of employees, occurring as it did here in the context of the Employer's expressed opposition to the Union constitutes interference, restraint, and coercion to employees which I conclude and find to violate Section 8(a)(I) of the Act. In addition Respondent , by Silvarman 's directions to Pausczkiewicz, conveyed to him by his supervisors (supra), constituted instructions to spy on Melvin Jones and to entrap him , and then , by returning to him spurious authorization cards, to embarrass Jones with the Union and hopefully discourage it in its campaign to organize the men. Citation of authority is certainly not necessary to conclude and find, as I do, that such conduct on Respondent 's part as I have described constitutes the grossest form of employee interference , restraint, and coercion and I, accordingly, further conclude and find that Respondent has thereby violated Section 8(axl). In such a context of unlawful activity to destroy the organizing efforts of Melvin Jones and the Union it can hardly be suggested that Respondent's rule prohibiting solicitation was intended for or enforced for the legitimate purpose of maintaining good order and efficient security service . The rule, as previously stated , required advanced company approval of any solicitation. However innocuous this may appear in isolation , its breadth and the Respon- dent's expressed motives in enforcing it destroy any immunity it might otherwise have enjoyed. For this reason and in the context of its implementation I conclude that the rule and the Respondent 's enforcement of it by warning Melvin Jones was a further interference , restraint, and coercion in violation of Section 8(a)(1). Melvin Jones was discharged within the week following his interrogation and reprimand for soliciting in behalf of the Union. I find the testimony of Vice President Silvarman to be totally fatuous as it explains and seeks to justify this action . Not only did he substantially admit to the bulk of facts upon which I have based the foregoing findings of violations, but in an effort to justify the discharge of Melvin Jones he engaged in a pattern of obfuscation and contradiction that could serve only to further implicate Respondent in the unlawful conduct alleged . Jones was believed to be the instigator of the Union, and he was called in and questioned about it; then he was warned against a repetition of this activity. A trap was devised to procure evidence of his activity by instructing Pausczkiewicz , under threat of discharge, to obtain from Jones the incriminating union cards, and then to compromise him with the Union by returning falsely signed cards. Finally Respondent set a second trap to implicate Jones by directing John Jones to be available for solicitation and together interviewed him and thereafter met with Melvin Jones . I reject Golden 's testimony to the contrary. 8 Although the rule as it thus appears in the Respondent 's "Official Officers ' Manual" is grammatically an incomplete sentence , it is to be noted that in the overall context of the publication the statement appears as an item of conduct for which a penalty is imposed; in this instance a warning on the first offense, I week's suspension on the second , and discharge on the third. 1014 DECISIONS OF NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD then to inform. My finding in this respect I base on inferences which flow from the general context in which the event occurred. John Jones denied he was told to seek out Melvin Jones for this purpose and report into headquarters, but there is more suspicion than coincidence to the sequence of Jones' work history at that time: He was suddenly detailed to work with Melvin Jones, he immedi- ately had occasion to report him to headquarters, and he was thereafter reassigned to work in the Company's office, certainly a more desirable situation. Furthermore, two supervisors, Golden and Butler, almost immediately appeared on the scene in answer to John Jones' report and forthwith discharged Melvin Jones. Viewed in the light of what had transpired since Respondent's first suspicion of Melvin Jones' union activity before June 15, what occurred to him on June 26 when he was discharged, and the manner in which it was accomplished, permits no other reasonable inference than that he was discharged because of his union and concerted activities. This I conclude and find to constitute discrimi- nation in violation of Section 8(a)(3) of the Act and further interference, restraint, and coercion of employees in violation of Section 8(a)(1). IV. THE EFFECT OF THE UNFAIR LABOR PRACTICES UPON COMMERCE The activities of Respondent set forth in section III, above, occurring in connection with the Respondent's operations described in section I, above, have a close, intimate, and substantial relation to trade, traffic, and commerce among the several States and tend to lead to labor disputes threatening and obstructing commerce and the free flow of commerce. V. THE REMEDY I have found that Respondent has interfered with, restrained, and coerced its employees in certain respects, and that it has discriminately discharged Melvin Jones. I shall recommend that Respondent cease and desist from this conduct, and because the nature of the unfair labor practices committed here are of such gravity as to present a threat of future violation of the Act I shall recommend that Respondent cease and desist from in any other manner interfering with, restraining, or coercing its employees in the exercise of their statutory rights. Affirmatively I shall recommend that Respondent reinstate Melvin Jones to his former position with backpay to be computed in the customary manner,9 with interest at the rate of 6 percent per annum,10 and that it post 9 F W Woolworth Company, 90 NLRB 716 10 Isis Plumbing & Heating Co, 138 NLRB 716 11 In the event no exceptions are filed as provided by Sec 102 46 of the Rules and Regulations of the National Labor Relations Board , the findings, conclusions, and recommended Order herein shall, as provided in Sec 102 48 of the Rules and Regulations be adopted by the Board and become its findings, conclusions, and Order, and all objections thereto shall be deemed waived for all purposes 12 In the event that the Board 's Order is enforced by a Judgment of a appropriate notice of compliance with such Order as the Board issues. Upon the foregoing findings of fact, conclusions of law and the entire record , and pursuant to Section 10(c) of the Act, I hereby issue the following recommended: iORDER" Respondent Security Services, Incorporated, its officers, agents , successors , and assigns, shall: 1. Cease and desist from: (a) Unlawfully interrogating its employees concerning their concerted or union activities or union membership. (b) Polling their employees to determine their union preferences. (c) Publishing , maintaining , and/or enforcing a rule prohibiting the solicitation by employees for any purpose without specific approval of Respondent's supervisors or officials. (d) Discouraging membership in International Union, United Plant Guard Workers of America, or any other labor organization, by terminating the employment of their employees and thereafter failing and refusing to reinstate them because they engaged in concerted and union activities. (e) In any other manner interfering with, restraining, or coercing its employees, or unlawfully discriminating against them in the exercise of rights guaranteed them by Section 7 of the Act. 2. Take the following affirmative action which it is deemed will effectuate the policies of the Act: (a) Offer reinstatement to Melvin E. Jones whom it terminated and thereafter failed and refused to reinstate, dismissing, if necessary, any individual hired since June 27, 1971. (b) Make whole Melvin E. Jones in the manner set forth in "The Remedy." (c) Post at its Farmington, Michigan, headquarters, and wherever else it maintained notices for employees, the attached notice marked "Appendix." 12 Copies of the notice on forms provided by the Regional Director for Region 7, shall, after being duly signed by the Respondent, be posted immediately upon receipt thereof, in conspicu- ous places, and be maintained for 60 consecutive days. Reasonable steps shall be taken to insure that said notices are not altered, defaced, or covered by any other material. (d) Notify the said Regional Director, in writing, within 20 days from the receipt of the Administrative Law Judge's Supplemental Decision, what steps it has taken to comply therewith.13 United States Court of Appeals, the words in the notice reading "Posted by Order of the National Labor Relations Board" shall read "Posted Pursuant to a Judgment of the United States Court of Appeals Enforcing an Order of the National Labor Relations Board " 13 In the event that this recommended Order is adopted by the Board after exceptions have been filed, this provision shall be modified to read "Notify the Regional Director for Region 7, in writing, within 10 days from the days of this Order, what steps the Respondent has taken to comply herewith " Copy with citationCopy as parenthetical citation