Hubbard Company

National Labor Relations Board - Board Decisions

Jul 29, 1981

257 N.L.R.B. 368 (N.L.R.B. 1981)

DECISIONS OF NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD
The Hubbard Company and Toledo Typographical
Union No. 63, International Typographical
Union, AFL-CIO. Case 8-CA-14496
July 29, 1981
DECISION AND ORDER
Upon a charge filed on December 30, 1980, and
amended on January 26, 1981, by Toledo Typo-
graphical Union No. 63, International Typographi-
cal Union, AFL-CIO, herein called the Union, and
duly served on The Hubbard Company, herein
called Respondent, the General Counsel of the Na-
tional Labor Relations Board, by the Regional Di-
rector for Region 8, issued a complaint on January
27, 1981, against Respondent, alleging that Re-
spondent had engaged in and was engaging in
unfair labor practices affecting commerce within
the meaning of Section 8(a)(5) and (1) and Section
2(6) and (7) of the National Labor Relations Act,
as amended. Copies of the charge and the com-
plaint and notice of hearing before an administra-
tive law judge were duly served on the parties to
this proceeding.
With respect to the unfair labor practices, the
complaint alleges in substance that on August 25,
1980, following a Board election in Case 8-RC-
12094, the Union was duly certified as the exclu-
sive collective-bargaining representative of Re-
spondent's employees in the unit found appropri-
ate;' and that, commencing on or about June 30,
1980, and at all times thereafter, Respondent has
refused, and continues to date to refuse, to bargain
collectively with the Union as the exclusive bar-
gaining representative, although the Union has re-
quested and is requesting it to do so. On February
4, 1981, Respondent filed its answer to the com-
plaint admitting in part, and denying in part, the al-
legations in the complaint. Respondent filed an
amended answer to the complaint on March 2,
1981. On March 12, 1981, the Acting Regional Di-
rector for Region 8 issued an amendment to the
complaint and on March 18, 1981, Respondent filed
an answer to the amendment to the complaint.
On April 9, 1981, counsel for the General Coun-
sel filed directly with the Board a Motion for Sum-
mary Judgment. Subsequently, on April 22, 1981,
the Board issued an order transferring the proceed-
ing to the Board and a Notice To Show Cause
why the General Counsel's Motion for Summary
I Official notice is taken of the record in the representation proceeding,
Case 8-RC-12094, as the term "record" is defined in Secs. 102.68 and
102.69 (g) of the Board's Rules and Regulations, Series 8, as amended. See
LTV Electrosystens, Inc., 166 NLRB 938 (1967), enfd. 388 F.2d 683 (4th
Cir. 1968); Golden Age Beverage Co., 167 NLRB 151 (1967), enfd. 415
F.2d 26 (5th Cir. 1969); Intertype Co. v. Penello, 269 F.Supp. 573
(D.C.Va. 1967); Follert Corp., 164 NLRB 378 (1967), enfd. 397 F.2d 91
(7th Cir. 1968), Sec. 9(d) of the NLRA, as amended.
257 NLRB No. 59
Judgment should not be granted. Respondent
thereafter filed a response to the Notice To Show
Cause.
Upon the entire record in this proceeding, the
Board makes the following:
Ruling on the Motion for Summary Judgment
In its answer to the complaint and its response to
the Notice To Show Cause, Respondent admits, in
part, the factual allegations as to the Union's re-
quest to bargain and its own refusal to do so. Re-
spondent disputes, however, the complaint's allega-
tions as to the operative dates of these events. Re-
spondent further asserts that the Union's certifica-
tion was improper on the basis of the Regional Di-
rector's and the Board's error in sustaining the
Union's challenge to the determinative ballot of
employee Steve Hall. Respondent also raises again
its contention that the Board erred in failing to
grant Respondent an evidentiary hearing on the
challenge.
The General Counsel argues that all material
issues have been previously presented to, and de-
cided by, the Board, and that there are no litigable
issues of facts requiring a hearing. We agree with
the General Counsel.
Our review of the record herein, including the
record in Case 8-RC-12094, reveals that, pursuant
to a Stipulation for Certification Upon Consent
Election, an election was conducted on April 11,
1980, which resulted in a vote of 11 for, and 10
against, the Union, with I challenged ballot. The
Union filed four objections, all of which it agreed
to waive if the outcome of the challenged ballot
did not affect the results of the election.
After investigation, the Regional Director issued
a Report on Challenged Ballot and Objections, in
which he recommended that the Union's challenge
to Hall's ballot be sustained. The Regional Director
concluded that Hall, the son-in-law of Respond-
ent's president and majority stockholder, enjoyed a
special status as to terms and conditions of employ-
ment and therefore did not share a community of
interest with the other employees. The Regional
Director overruled three of the Union's objections,
sustained one of them, but recommended, in view
of his disposition of the challenge, that the Union
be certified. Thereafter, Respondent filed timely
exceptions to the Regional Director's report. On
August 25, 1980, the Board, having considered the
Regional Director's report, Respondent's excep-
tions, and the entire record, adopted the findings
and recommendations of the Regional Director and
certified the Union as the exclusive bargaining rep-
368
THE HUBBARD COMPANY
resentative of the employees in the unit stipulated
to be appropriate.'
It is well settled that in the absence of newly dis-
covered or previously unavailable evidence or spe-
cial circumstances a respondent in a proceeding al-
leging a violation of Section 8(a)(5) is not entitled
to relitigate issues which were or could have been
litigated in a prior representation proceeding. 3
All issues raised by Respondent in this proceed-
ing were or could have been litigated in the prior
representation proceeding, and Respondent does
not offer to adduce at a hearing any newly discov-
ered or previously unavailable evidence, nor does
it allege that any special circumstances exist herein
which would require the Board to reexamine the
decision made in the representation proceeding. We
therefore find that Respondent has not raised any
issue which is properly litigable in this unfair labor
practice proceeding.
With respect to its contention that it is entitled
to a hearing on its objections, we find it to be with-
out merit as the Board has held, with judicial ap-
proval, that evidentiary hearings are not required
in unfair labor practice cases where, as here, there
are no substantial or material facts to be deter-
mined and in such cases summary judgment is ap-
propriate.4 Accordingly, we grant the Motion for
Summary Judgment.
On the basis of the entire record, the Board
makes the following:
FINDINGS OF FACT
I. THE BUSINESS OF RESPONDENT
Respondent is now, and has been at all times ma-
terial herein, an Ohio corporation engaged in the
business of operating a printing plant and selling of
office supplies at its Defiance, Ohio, facility. Annu-
ally, in the course and conduct of its business, Re-
spondent ships goods valued in excess of $50,000
directly to points located directly outside the State
of Ohio.
We find, on the basis of the foregoing, that Re-
spondent is, and has been at all times material
herein, an employer engaged in commerce within
the meaning of Section 2(6) and (7) of the Act, and
that it will effectuate the policies of the Act to
assert jurisdiction herein.
2 Not published in volumes of Board Decisions. Former Member Pen-
ello dissented in the proceeding. He would have remanded the proceed-
ing to the Regional Director for a hearing on Hall's status.
3 See Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co. v. N.L.R.B., 313 U.S. 146, 162 (1941);
Rules and Regulations of the Board, Secs. 102.67(f) and 102.69(c).
' Handy Hardware Wholesale, Inc., 222 NLRB 373 (1976); Janler Plastic
Mold Corporation, 191 NLRB 162 (1971); Crest Leather Manufacturing
Corporation, 167 NLRB 1085 (1967), and cases cited herein.
11. THE LABOR ORGANIZATION INVOLVED
Toledo Typographical Union No. 63, Interna-
tional Typographical Union, AFL-CIO, is a labor
organization within the meaning of Section 2(5) of
the Act.
IIl. THE UNFAIR LABOR PRACTICES
A. The Representation Proceeding
1. The unit
The following employees of Respondent consti-
tute a unit appropriate for collective-bargaining
purposes within the meaning of Section 9(b) of the
Act:
All production and maintenance employees in-
cluding all delivery employees employed by
the Employer at its Defiance, Ohio, facility
but excluding all office clerical employees,
sales employees, customer service employees
and professional employees, guards and super-
visors as defined in the Act.
2. The certification
On April 11, 1980, a majority of the employees
of Respondent in said unit, in a secret-ballot elec-
tion conducted under the supervision of the Re-
gional Director for Region 8, designated the Union
as their representative for the purpose of collective
bargaining with Respondent.
The Union was certified as the collective-bar-
gaining representative of the employees in said unit
on August 25, 1980, and the Union continues to be
such exclusive representative within the meaning of
Section 9(a) of the Act.
B. The Request To Bargain and Respondent's
Refusal
Commencing on or about September 8, 1980, and
at all times thereafter, the Union has requested Re-
spondent to bargain collectively with it as the ex-
clusive collective-bargaining representative of all
the employees in the above-described unit. Com-
mencing on or about September 10, 1980, and con-
tinuing at all times thereafter to date, Respondent
has refused, and continues to refuse, to recognize
and bargain with the Union as the exclusive repre-
sentative for collective bargaining of all employees
in said unit.
Accordingly, we find that Respondent has, since
September 10, 1980, and at all times thereafter, re-
fused to bargain collectively with the Union as the
exclusive representative of the employees in the ap-
propriate unit, and that, by such refusal, Respond-
ent has engaged in and is engaging in unfair labor
369
DECISIONS OF NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD
practices within the meaning of Section 8(a)(5) and
(1) of the Act.5
C. Additional Violations of Section 8(a)(5) and
(I) of the Act
The complaint alleges, and Respondent admits,
that Respondent implemented an across-the-board
wage increase for the unit employees during the
first week of July 1980. That date occurred after
the election but before the certification.
It is well established that an employer violates
Section 8(a)(5) and (1) of the Act when it makes
unilateral changes in terms and conditions of em-
ployment during the pendency of objections to an
election which eventually results in the certifica-
tion of the Union. See Mike O'Connor Chevrolet-
Buick-GMC Co., Inc. and Pat O'Conner Chevrolet-
Buick-GMC Co., Inc., 209 NLRB 701 (1974). The
above-described unilateral change instituted by Re-
spondent clearly relates to a critical term of em-
ployment. Accordingly, we conclude, as alleged in
the complaint, that, by the foregoing conduct, Re-
spondent has engaged in and is engaging in an
unfair labor practice within the meaning of Section
8(a)(5) and (1) of the Act. 6
The complaint further alleges, and Respondent
admits, that, following the Union's certification and
the Union's September 8, 1980, request to bargain,
Respondent has engaged in the following unilateral
conduct: () implementing changes in certain wage
rates of the employees in the bargaining unit during
the first full week in October 1980; (2) implement-
ing on December 1, 1980, a new insurance policy
covering the unit employees; and (3) granting pay
increases to unit employees in January 1981. Addi-
tionally, the complaint alleges, and Respondent
admits, that since on or about October 7, 1980, the
Union has requested Respondent to furnish it with
the wage rate and date of hire of each employee,
' The complaint also alleges that "since on or about June 30, 1980 and
continuing to date" the Union has requested, and is requesting, Respond-
ent to bargain collectively with respect to rates of pay, wages, hours of
employment, and other terms and conditions of employment as the exclu-
sive collective-bargaining representative of the unit employees and that
Respondent, at all times since that date, has thereby violated Sec. 8(a)(5)
and (1). We find it unnecessary to reach the issue of whether Respond-
ent's refusal to recognize and bargain with the Union prior to the Union's
August 25, 1980, certification and the admitted September 8, 1980, re-
quest to meet and bargain constitutes, in itself, a violation of the Act. In
this regard, we note that the complaint alleges, and Respondent does not
dispute, the continuing nature of the Union's requests. Furthermore, as
discussed below, Respondent's unilateral conduct during the period be-
tween June 30, 1980, and the Union's certification on August 25, 1980,
was violative of Sec. 8(a)(5) and (1) of the Act and our Order with re-
spect to that violation effectively remedies Respondent's misconduct
during the precertification period.
6 The Board finds Respondent's contention that this allegation is barred
by Sec. 10(b) of the Act to be without merit. The operative date of the
unilateral wage increase, the first week in July 1980, is clearly within the
6-month statutory period dated from the filing of the original charge on
December 30, 1980.
job classification and job description for each em-
ployee, data on insurance and pension plans, incen-
tive plan, merit increases and merit rating scores,
and production standards used in determining merit
rates and job evaluation systems, and that since the
date of that request Respondent has failed and re-
fused to furnish the Union with the requested infor-
mation. The complaint further alleges, and we find,
that, by the foregoing conduct, Respondent has en-
gaged in and is engaging in unfair labor practices
within the meaning of Section 8(a)(5) and (1) of the
Act. 7
IV. THE EFFECT OF THE UNFAIR LABOR
PRACTICES UPON COMMERCE
The activities of Respondent set forth in section
III, above, occurring in connection with its oper-
ations described in section I, above, have a close,
intimate, and substantial relationship to trade, traf-
fic, and commerce among the several States and
tend to lead to labor disputes burdening and ob-
structing commerce and the free flow of com-
merce.
V. THE REMEDY
Having found that Respondent has engaged in
and is engaging in unfair labor practices within the
meaning of Section 8(a)(5) and (1) of the Act, we
shall order that it cease and desist therefrom, and,
upon request, bargain collectively with the Union
as the exclusive representative of all employees in
the appropriate unit, and, if an understanding is
reached, embody such understanding in a signed
agreement.
Further, we have found that, during the period
that objections and challenges to the election were
pending, Respondent engaged in unlawful conduct
by unilaterally granting a wage increase to unit em-
ployees in July 1980. We have also found that Re-
spondent engaged in unlawful conduct following
the Union's certification by unilaterally (1) imple-
menting wage changes during the first full week in
October 1980; (2) implementing a new insurance
policy on December 1, 1980; and (3) granting wage
increases during January 1981. We shall order Re-
spondent to make whole any unit employees who
' Respondent, while admitting the refusal, denies that the requested in-
formation is necessary and relevant for the Union's performance of its
function as the exclusive bargaining representative of the unit employees.
There is therefore no issue of fact presented by Respondent's denial. The
Union as collective-bargaining representative is entitled to wage rates, job
classifications, job descriptions, and dates of hire, see Evans Rotork Inc.,
251 NLRB 660 (1980); data on insurance and pension plans, see Nappe-
Babcock Company, 245 NLRB 20 (1979); data on incentive plans, merit
increases, and merit rating scores, see Irwindale Division of Laou Industries.
a Division of Philips Industries Inc., 219 NLRB 364 (1975); and produc-
tion standards used in determining merit ratings and job evaluation sys-
tems, see Western Massachusetts Electric Company, 234 NLRB 118 (1978).
370
THE HUBBARD COMPANY
may have suffered any monetary losses by reason
of the aforementioned changes in terms and condi-
tions of employment in the manner prescribed by
F. W. Woolworth Company, 90 NLRB 289 (1950),
with interest to be computed in accordance with
Florida Steel Corporation, 231 NLRB 651 (1977).8
Our Order, however, is not to be construed as re-
quiring a rescission of the wage increases and/or
benefits previously granted to unit employees.
We have further found that Respondent unlaw-
fully has refused the Union's request to furnish it
with certain information that is necessary for, and
relevant to, the Union's performance of its function
as the exclusive collective-bargaining representative
of the unit employees. Therefore, we also shall
order that Respondent, upon request by the Union,
furnish the Union with the information sought.
In order to insure that the employees in the ap-
propriate unit will be accorded the services of their
selected bargaining agent for the period provided
by law, we shall construe the initial period of certi-
fication as beginning on the date Respondent com-
mences to bargain in good faith with the Union as
the recognized bargaining representative in the ap-
propriate unit. See Mar-Jac Poultry Company, Inc.,
136 NLRB 785 (1962); Commerce Company d/b/a
Lamar Hotel, 140 NLRB 226, 229 (1962), enfd. 328
F.2d 600 (5th Cir. 1964), cert. denied 379 U.S. 817;
Burnett Construction Company, 149 NLRB 1419,
1421 (1964), enfd. 350 F.2d 57 (10th Cir. 1965).
The Board, upon the basis of the foregoing facts
and the entire record, makes the following:
CONCILUSIONS OF LAW
1. The Hubbard Company is an employer en-
gaged in commerce within the meaning of Section
2(6) and (7) of the Act.
2. Toledo Typographical Union No. 63, Interna-
tional Typographical Union, AFL-CIO, is a labor
organization within the meaning of Section 2(5) of
the Act.
3. All production and maintenance employees in-
cluding all delivery employees employed by the
Employer at its Defiance, Ohio, facility but exclud-
ing all office clerical employees, sales employees,
customer service employees and professional em-
ployees, guards and supervisors as defined in the
Act, constitute a unit appropriate for the purposes
of collective bargaining within the meaning of Sec-
tion 9(b) of the Act.
4. Since August 25. 1980, the above-named labor
organization has been and now is the certified and
XSee. generally. Isis Plunhbing d& Heating Co., 138 NLRB 716 (1962). In
accordance with his partial dissent in Olympic Medical Corporation. 250
NLRB 146 (1980). Member Jenkins Asould award interest on any backpay
due based on the formula set filrth therein
exclusive representative of all employees in the
aforesaid appropriate unit for the purpose of collec-
tive bargaining within the meaning of Section 9(a)
of the Act.
5. By the acts described in section III, above,
Respondent has refused to bargain collectively
with the above-named labor organization as the ex-
clusive bargaining representative of all the employ-
ees of Respondent in the appropriate unit described
above, and thereby has engaged in and is engaging
in unfair labor practices within the meaning of Sec-
tion 8(a)(5) of the Act.
6. By the aforesaid refusal to bargain, Respond-
ent has interfered with, restrained, and coerced,
and is interfering with, restraining, and coercing,
employees in the exercise of the rights guaranteed
them in Section 7 of the Act, and thereby has en-
gaged in and is engaging in unfair labor practices
within the meaning of Section 8(a)(1) of the Act.
7. The aforesaid unfair labor practices are unfair
labor practices affecting commerce within the
meaning of Section 2(6) and (7) of the Act.
ORDER
Pursuant to Section 10(c) of the National Labor
Relations Act, as amended, the National Labor Re-
lations Board hereby orders that the Respondent,
The Hubbard Company, Defiance, Ohio, its offi-
cers, agents, successors, and assigns, shall:
I. Cease and desist from:
(a) Refusing to bargain collectively concerning
rates of pay, wages, hours, and other terms and
conditions of employment with Toledo Typo-
graphical Union No. 63, International Typographi-
cal Union, AFL-CIO, as the exclusive bargaining
representative of its employees in the following ap-
propriate unit:
All production and maintenance employees in-
cluding all delivery employees employed by
the Employer at its Defiance, Ohio, facility
but excluding all office clerical employees,
sales employees, customer service employees
and professional employees, guards and super-
visors as defined in the Act.
(b) Unilaterally granting wage increases to unit
employees, unilaterally implementing other wage
changes, and unilaterally implementing a new in-
surance policy covering unit employees.
(c) Refusing to furnish the Union with the wage
rate and date of hire of each employee, job classifi-
cation and job description for each employee, data
on insurance and pension plans, incentive plan,
merit increases and merit rating scores, and pro-
duction standards used in determining merit ratings
and job evaluation systems.
371
DECISIONS OF NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD
(d) In any like or related manner interfering
with, restraining, or coercing employees in the ex-
ercise of the rights guaranteed them in Section 7 of
the Act.
2. Take the following affirmative action which
the Board finds will effectuate the policies of the
Act:
(a) Upon request, bargain with the above-named
labor organization as the exclusive representative
of all employees in the aforesaid appropriate unit
with respect to rates of pay, wages, hours, and
other terms and conditions of employment, and, if
an understanding is reached, embody such under-
standing in a signed agreement.
(b) Make whole any employees who may have
suffered monetary losses by reason of the unilateral
changes effected by Respondent July 1980, Octo-
ber 1980, December 1, 1980, and January 1981, in
the manner prescribed in the section of this Deci-
sion entitled "The Remedy."
(c) Upon request, furnish the Union with the
wage rate and date of hire of each employee, job
classification and job description for each employ-
ee, data on insurance and pension plans, incentive
plan, merit increases and merit rating scores, and
production standards used in determining merit rat-
ings and job evaluation systems.
(d) Preserve and, upon request, make available to
the Board or its agents, for examination and copy-
ing, all payroll records, social security payment re-
cords, timecards, personnel records and reports,
and all other records necessary to analyze the
amount of backpay due under the terms of this
Order.
(e) Post at its Defiance, Ohio, facility copies of
the attached notice marked "Appendix." 9 Copies of
said notice, on forms provided by the Regional Di-
rector for Region 8, after being duly signed by Re-
spondent's representative, shall be posted by Re-
spondent immediately upon receipt thereof, and be
maintained by it for 60 consecutive days thereafter,
in conspicuous places, including all places where
notices to employees are customarily posted. Rea-
sonable steps shall be taken by Respondent to
insure that said notices are not altered, defaced, or
covered by any other material.
(f) Notify the Regional Director for Region 8, in
writing, within 20 days from the date of this Order,
what steps have been taken to comply herewith.
9 In the event that this Order is enforced by a Judgment of a United
States Court of Appeals, the words in the notice reading "Posted by
Order of the National Labor Relations Board" shall read "Posted Pursu-
ant to a Judgment of the United States Court of appeals enforcing an
Order of the National Labor Relations Board."
APPENDIX
NOTICE To EMPLOYEES
POSTED BY ORDER OF THE
NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD
An Agency of the United States Government
WE WILL NOT refuse to bargain collectively
concerning rates of pay, wages, hours, and
other terms and conditions of employment
with Toledo Typographical Union No. 63, In-
ternational Typographical Union, AFL-CIO,
as the exclusive representative of the employ-
ees in the bargaining unit described below.
WE WILL NOT unilaterally grant wage in-
creases to unit employees, unilaterally imple-
ment other wage changes, or unilaterally im-
plement a new insurance policy covering unit
employees. This does not mean that we are
now required to lower any wages or benefits
presently established for unit employees.
WE WILL NOT refuse to furnish the Union
with necessary and relevant information it has
requested with respect to all unit employees,
as hereinafter set forth.
WE WILL NOT in any like or related manner
interfere with, restrain, or coerce our employ-
ees in the exercise of the rights guaranteed
them by Section 7 of the Act.
WE WILL, upon request, bargain with the
above-named Union, as the exclusive repre-
sentative of all employees in the bargaining
unit described below, with respect to rates of
pay, wages, hours, and other terms and condi-
tions of employment, and, if an understanding
is reached, embody such understanding in a
signed agreement. The bargaining unit is:
All production and maintenance employees
including all delivery employees employed
by the Employer at its Defiance, Ohio, fa-
cility but excluding all office clerical em-
ployees, sales employees, customer service
employees and professional employees,
guards and supervisors as defined in the Act.
WE WILL, upon request, furnish the Union
with the wage rate and date of hire for each
employee, job classification and job descrip-
tion for each employee, data on insurance and
pension plans, incentive plan, merit increases
and merit rating scores, and production stand-
ards used in determining merit ratings and job
evaluation systems.
WE WILL make whole any employees who
may have suffered monetary losses by reason
of the unilateral changes effected by us July
372
THE HUBBARD COMPANY 373
1980, October 1980, December 1, 1980, and
January 1981, with interest.
THE HUBBARD COMPANY