Genworth Financial, Inc.

Trademark Trial and Appeal Board

Aug 29, 2012

No. 77782734 (T.T.A.B. Aug. 29, 2012)

Hearing: Mailed:
June 28, 2012 August 29, 2012

United States Patent and Trademark Office
Trademark Trial and Appeal Board
________
In re Genworth Financial, Inc.
________
Serial No. 77782734
_______
Stephen P. Demm and Janet W. Cho of Hunton & Williams LLP for Genworth
Financial, Inc.
Katherine C. Weigle, Trademark Examining Attorney, Law Office 101 (Ronald
R. Sussman, Managing Attorney).
_______
Before Bucher, Wolfson and Shaw, Administrative Trademark Judges.
Opinion by Wolfson, Administrative Trademark Judge:
Genworth Financial, Inc. (“applicant”) seeks registration on the Principal
Register of the mark COLONY (in standard characters) for “life insurance un-
derwriting,” in International Class 36.1
The trademark examining attorney has refused registration of appli-
cant’s mark under Trademark Act § 2(d), 15 U.S.C. § 1052(d), having deter-
mined that registration would lead to a likelihood of confusion in view of Reg.
No. 3546430, for the mark shown below, registered for “insurance services,

1 Application Serial No. 77782734 was filed on July 16, 2009, based on applicant’s
bona fide intent to use the mark in commerce. An amendment to allege use of the
mark in commerce was filed on May 14, 2011, claiming first use in commerce as of
November, 2009.
This Opinion is NOT a
Precedent of the TTAB
Serial No. 77782734
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namely, writing commercial excess and surplus insurance” in International
Class 36:2

After the examining attorney made the refusal final, applicant appealed
to this Board. Trademark Examining Attorney Susan Billheimer represented
the Office in a hearing held before this panel of the Board. We affirm.
I. Evidentiary Issue
Before proceeding to the merits of the refusal, we address an eviden-
tiary matter. Applicant attached Exhibits A-E to its appeal brief. The exam-
ining attorney objects to the introduction of Exhibit D, comprising copies of
Internet website printouts. Exhibit D was submitted for the first time as an
attachment to applicant’s appeal brief.
Trademark Rule 2.142(d) provides, in pertinent part:
(d) The record in the application should be complete prior to the
filing of an appeal. The Trademark Trial and Appeal Board will
ordinarily not consider additional evidence filed with the Board
by the appellant or by the examiner after the appeal is filed.
….

2 Reg. No. 3546430, issued on December 16, 2008. The registration includes the fol-
lowing disclaimer: No claim is made to the exclusive right to use “GROUP” apart
from the mark as shown. Color is not claimed as a feature of the mark.

Serial No. 77782734
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Because it is untimely, we have not considered Exhibit D to applicant’s
appeal brief. However, we have considered Exhibits A-C and Exhibit E. Ex-
hibits A and B are copies of pages from the file history of the cited mark.
While not automatically of record, no objection has been made thereto. See In
re Pencils Inc., 9 USPQ2d 1410, 1411 (TTAB 1988) (Board considered exhibits
submitted for first time with applicant’s appeal brief where examining attor-
ney made no objection). Exhibits C and E are copies from diction-
ary.reference.com of the definitions of “argo” and “life insurance.” The Board
may take judicial notice of dictionary evidence. University of Notre Dame du
Lac v. J. C. Gourmet Food Imports Co., 213 USPQ 594 (TTAB 1982), aff'd, 703
F.2d 1372, 217 USPQ 505 (Fed. Cir. 1983); see also, TBMP §712.01 (3d ed. rev.
2012).
II. Applicable Law
Our determination under Trademark Act § 2(d) is based on an analysis
of the probative facts in evidence that are relevant to the factors bearing on a
likelihood of confusion. See In re E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., 476 F.2d
1357, 177 USPQ 563 (CCPA 1973); see also Palm Bay Imp., Inc. v. Veuve
Clicquot Ponsardin Maison Fondee En 1772, 396 F.3d 1369, 73 USPQ2d 1689
(Fed. Cir. 2005); In re Majestic Distilling Co., Inc., 315 F.3d 1311, 65 USPQ2d
1201 (Fed. Cir. 2003); and In re Dixie Rests. Inc., 105 F.3d 1405, 41 USPQ2d
1531 (Fed. Cir. 1997). In considering the evidence of record on these factors,
we keep in mind that “[t]he fundamental inquiry mandated by Section 2(d)
Serial No. 77782734
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goes to the cumulative effect of differences in the essential characteristics of
the goods and differences in the marks.” Federated Foods, Inc. v. Fort How-
ard Paper Co., 544 F.2d 1098, 192 USPQ 24, 29 (CCPA 1976); see also In re
Azteca Rest. Enters., Inc., 50 USPQ2d 1209 (TTAB 1999).
III. Discussion
A. Similarity or Dissimilarity of the Marks in Their Entireties
In a likelihood of confusion analysis, we compare the marks for similari-
ties and dissimilarities in appearance, sound, connotation and commercial
impression. Palm Bay, 73 USPQ2d at 1692. In comparing the marks, the test
is not whether the marks can be distinguished when subjected to a side-by-
side comparison, but rather, whether the marks are sufficiently similar in
terms of their overall commercial impression so that confusion as to the
source of those goods or services offered under the respective marks is likely
to result. Coach Services Inc. v. Triumph Learning LLC, 101 USPQ2d 1713,
1721 (Fed. Cir. 2012). The focus is on the recollection of the average purchas-
er, who normally retains a general rather than specific impression of trade-
marks. L'Oreal S.A. v. Marcon, 102 USPQ2d 1434, 1438 (TTAB 2012); Sealed
Air Corp. v. Scott Paper Co., 190 USPQ 106, 108 (TTAB 1975). The decision
must be based on the entire mark, not just part of the mark. In re National
Data Corp., 753 F.2d 1056, 224 USPQ 749, 751 (Fed. Cir. 1985). On the other
hand, different features may be analyzed to determine whether the marks are
similar. Price Candy Company v. Gold Medal Candy Corporation, 220 F.2d
Serial No. 77782734
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759, 105 USPQ 266, 268 (CCPA 1955); In re National Data Corp., 224 USPQ
at 751 (“[T]here is nothing improper in stating that, for rational reasons, more
or less weight has been given to a particular feature of a mark, provided the
ultimate conclusion rests on a consideration of the marks in their entireties.”).
The marks at issue in this case are similar in appearance, sound, conno-
tation and commercial impression. Applicant’s mark is COLONY. The regis-
tered mark is COLONY MEMBER ARGO GROUP and Design. Likelihood of
confusion has frequently been found where one mark incorporates the entirety
of another mark. Coca-Cola Bottling Co. of Memphis, Tennessee, Inc. v. Jo-
seph E. Seagram and Sons, Inc., 526 F.2d 556, 188 USPQ 105, 106 (CCPA
1975) (BENGAL for gin and BENGAL LANCER for nonalcoholic club soda,
quinine water and ginger ale); In re Mighty Leaf Tea, 601 F.3d 1342, 94
USPQ2d 1257, 1260 (Fed. Cir. 2010) (applicant’s mark ML is similar to regis-
trant’s mark ML MARK LEES); In re United States Shoe Corp., 229 USPQ
707, 709 (TTAB 1985) (CAREER IMAGE for women's clothing stores and
women's clothing likely to cause confusion with CREST CAREER IMAGES for
uniforms including items of women’s clothing); In re South Bend Toy Manu-
facturing Company, Inc., 218 USPQ 479, 480 (TTAB 1983) (LIL’ LADY BUG
for toy doll carriages and LITTLE LADY for doll clothing); and Johnson Pub-
lishing Co. v. International Development Ltd., 221 USPQ 155, 156 (TTAB
1982) (EBONY for cosmetics and EBONY DRUM for hairdressing and condi-
tioner).
Serial No. 77782734
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Applicant has appropriated the dominant portion of registrant’s mark as
its own without adding any other distinguishing elements. COLONY forms
the dominant portion of the mark inasmuch as it is the first word in the mark
and appears in block letters that are larger and in black typeface, while the
remaining words, Member Argo Group, are italicized, smaller and in lighter
grey. As the first and more prominent term in the cited mark, COLONY is
the portion most likely to be impressed upon a prospective consumer. Presto
Products, Inc. v. Nice-Pak Products, Inc., 9 USPQ2d 1895, 1897 (TTAB 1988)
(“it is often the first part of a mark which is likely to be impressed upon the
mind of a purchaser and remembered”). See also, Palm Bay, 73 USPQ2d at
1692. The remaining wording in the mark, “Member Argo Group,” is merely
explanatory of the corporate identity of the registrant, i.e., that the provider of
services under the mark belongs to the “Argo Group.”
As “group” is disclaimed in the registration, it is the portion least likely
to be remembered. See In re Dixie Rests., 41 USPQ2d at 1533-34 (disclaimed
word “café” is less significant when comparing marks). As for the additional
design element, despite the registrant’s characterization of it in the registra-
tion file as “a stylized sail design,” there is no evidence in the record that sug-
gests that the relevant purchasing public would recognize the design as such.
The design may be viewed as merely a pattern of triangles, or as an abstract
rendition of some other item. Accordingly, the fact that the design is appar-
ently that of a “sail” may be lost on a potential consumer of registrant’s ser-
Serial No. 77782734
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vices. To the extent, as applicant argues, that the design “reinforces the
ARGO GROUP house mark, since ‘ARGO’ is a well-known reference to the
ship in which Jason sailed in quest of the Golden Fleece in Classical Mytholo-
gy,”3 the design has not thereby imbued the italicized wording “Member Argo
Group” (or Argo alone) with more prominence than the larger block letters in
which is written the term COLONY. Further, the design and italicized word-
ing visually surround and provide a background to the word COLONY. Thus,
COLONY is more likely to be remembered as the first, most prominent word
in the mark, and the sail design is less likely to be remembered than any of
the words. See In re Appetito Provisions Co., 3 USPQ2d 1553, 1554 (TTAB
1987) (When a mark “comprises both a word and a design, then the word is
normally accorded greater weight because it would be used by purchasers to
request the goods or services.”). For the reasons stated above, the term
COLONY, which forms applicant’s entire mark, is considered the dominant
feature of registrant’s mark.
Applicant argues that COLONY is weak and should be accorded only a
limited scope of protection. To this end, applicant submitted a list of 96 regis-
trations downloaded from the USPTO's Trademark Electronic Search System
(TESS).4 While no objection was made to the list, its probative value is negli-
gible. See In re City of Houston, 101 USPQ2d 1534, 1536 (TTAB 2012) (“[T]he

3 Applicant’s Brief, p. 11.
4 Applicant’s Response, April 22, 2010; Exhibit A.
Serial No. 77782734
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examining attorney’s failure to advise applicant of the insufficiency of the list
of registrations when it was proffered during examination constituted a waiv-
er of any objection to consideration of that list. Accordingly, we will consider
the ... list of registrations ... ‘for whatever limited probative value such evi-
dence may have’”), citing In re Broyhill Furniture Indus. Inc., 60 USPQ2d
1511, 1513 n.3 (TTAB 2001). Here, only nine registrations out of the 96 rec-
ords provided appear to be for the mark COLONY alone, without any addi-
tional words (whether the listed marks include design elements is not indicat-
ed). With respect to these nine, no information regarding the involved goods
or services or whether the marks are in use has been provided. As the Board
does not take judicial notice of registrations residing in the Office, we cannot
supply the information from the file histories of these registrations. In re
Jonathan Drew, Inc. d/b/a Drew Estate, 97 USPQ2d 1640, 1644 fn. 11 (TTAB
2011); see also, Edom Laboratories, Inc. v. Glenn Lichter, 102 USPQ2d 1546,
1550 (TTAB 2012). Thus, the listing is of record, but the listing is essentially
immaterial to the question of whether COLONY in the cited mark is weak.
Applicant further submitted copies of registration certificates for five
third-party marks in International Class 36 that include the word COLONY
as part of the mark.5 These third-party registrations also have limited proba-
tive value. Of the five submitted, two are for banking services (UNION

5 Id.; Exhibit B.
Serial No. 77782734
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COLONY BANK6 and FIRST COLONY BANK and Design7); while three are
for real estate-related services (THE COLONY AT HALF MOON,8 SEA
COLONY,9 and KEY COLONY10). None of the registrations covers insurance
services. Further, “[t]he existence of [third-party] registrations is not evi-
dence of what happens in the market place or that consumers are familiar
with them nor should the existence on the register of confusingly similar
marks aid an applicant to register another likely to cause confusion, mistake
or to deceive.” AMF Inc. v. American Leisure Products, Inc., 474 F.2d 1403,
177 USPQ 268, 269 (CCPA 1973); see also, In re Max Capital Group Ltd., 93
USPQ2d 1243, 1248 (TTAB 2010). The evidence does not show that COLONY
is weak in association with insurance services.
Finally, applicant’s mark and the cited registration create similar overall
commercial impressions. Potential consumers who are familiar with regis-
trant’s “COLONY MEMBER ARGO GROUP and Design” may mistakenly be-
lieve that applicant’s mark is simply a shortened form of registrant’s mark.
For the above reasons, this du Pont factor favors a finding of likelihood of con-
fusion.
B. Similarity or Dissimilarity of the Parties’ Services

6 Reg. No. 3449345; registered June 17, 2008.
7 Reg. No. 3477739; registrant July 29, 2008.
8 Reg. No. 3508035; registered September 30, 2008.
9 Reg. No. 1104024; registered October 10, 1978; renewed.
10 Reg. No. 1170528; renewed.
Serial No. 77782734
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With respect to the relatedness of the services, it is well settled that the
question of likelihood of confusion must be determined based on an analysis of
the goods or services identified in applicant’s application vis-à-vis the goods or
services identified in the cited registration. In re Shell Oil Co., 992 F.2d 1204,
26 USPQ2d 1687, 1690 n. 4 (Fed. Cir. 1993); and Canadian Imperial Bank v.
Wells Fargo Bank, 811 F.2d 1490, 1 USPQ2d 1783 (Fed. Cir. 1992). As we
stated in In re Association of the United States Army,
“[T]he issue is not whether consumers would confuse the goods
and/or services themselves, but rather whether they would be con-
fused as to the source of the goods and/or services. It is sufficient
that the goods and/or services be related in some manner, or that
the circumstances surrounding their use be such that they would
be likely to be encountered by the same persons in situations that
would give rise, because of the marks used thereon, to a mistaken
belief that they originate from or are in some way associated with
the same source or that there is an association or connection be-
tween the sources of the respective goods and/or services.”

In re Association of the United States Army, 85 USPQ2d 1264, 1270 (TTAB
2007). See also, In re International Telephone and Telegraph Corp., 197
USPQ 910 (TTAB 1978).
Applicant seeks registration of the mark COLONY for “life insurance
underwriting.” The cited registration covers “insurance services, namely,
writing commercial excess and surplus insurance.” To show that these ser-
vices are related, the examining attorney submitted copies of two third-party
registrations, based on use, for marks covering both life and excess/surplus
Serial No. 77782734
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insurance, and Internet evidence showing seven companies that offer both life
insurance and excess and surplus insurance online.11
Copies of use-based, third-party registrations may serve to suggest that
the goods are of a type which may emanate from a single source. See In re Al-
bert Trostel & Sons Co., 29 USPQ2d 1783, 1785 (TTAB 1993). The mark
NAUTILUS INSURANCE COMPANY and Design is registered for, inter alia,
“insurance underwriting in the fields of life insurance and annuities, property
and casualty, reinsurance, commercial, excess and surplus line.”12 The mark
THE BEST AT NEXT is registered for, inter alia, “insurance services, namely
insurance underwriting, reinsurance underwriting, variable life insurance
underwriting, … life insurance underwriting, … provider excess insur-
ance….”13 These registrations tend to show that a single company may un-
derwrite both types of insurance under a single mark.
The marketplace evidence corroborates this showing. Seven companies
advertise that they provide both types of insurance, as follows:14
EMC Insurance Companies advertises at www.emcins.com that it
“provides insurance products and services across the country in
partnership with over 3,200 independent insurance agencies.”
Among the types of insurance offered are “excess and surplus
lines” and “life insurance products.”

11 Although the examining attorney submitted copies of web pages for eight compa-
nies, only seven show both commercial excess or surplus insurance and life insurance
being advertised at the same website.
12 Reg. No. 2777954, registered October 28, 2003; Sections 8 and 15 combined decla-
ration has been accepted and acknowledged.
13 Reg. No. 3139839, registered September 5, 2006.
14 From the examining attorney’s first and Final Office Actions.
Serial No. 77782734
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MTG Inc. advertises both “life insurance” and “commercial excess
liability” insurance at www.mtginsurance.com.

M&T Bank Corporation advertises several life insurance prod-
ucts, including “whole life insurance” and “excess and surplus
lines” at www.mtb.com. M&T Bank appears to offer its life insur-
ance products through M&T Securities, Inc., a licensed insurance
agent that “acts as agent for insurers” and is a related company to
M&T Bank (both appear to be subsidiaries of M&T Investment
Group).15 In a similar vein, M&T Bank offers its commercial in-
surance through M&T Insurance Agency, a “licensed excess and
surplus lines brokerage” that “places insurance on behalf of our
clients.”

Wells Fargo Bank advertises excess and surplus insurance, as
well as life insurance, at www.wellsfargo.com. The commercial
insurance is sold through American E&S, a “premier full-service
excess and surplus lines broker.” To learn more about the com-
mercial product, a visitor to the website would click the link “con-
tact us.” In the tab relating to life insurance, the website explains
that “Wells Fargo Insurance, Inc. (Minneapolis, MN) is a licensed
agency representing and compensated by the insurer based on the
amount of insurance sold.” For information on life insurance poli-
cies, there is a “contact us” link as well as a telephone number
provided.

Bright Insurance advertises personal as well as business insur-
ance at www.brightinsurance.com. Its telephone number is prom-
inently displayed on both the web page for personal and the web
page for business insurance. Linking to “business insurance,” a
visitor can read about “Massachusetts Commercial Umbrella In-
surance,” which it defines as excess liability insurance. The com-
pany touts its services: “At Bright Insurance, we will shop the top
carriers to provide competitive rates and to find the commercial
umbrella coverage that you’re looking for.” Similarly, by linking
to its personal insurance page, a visitor can read about “Massa-
chusetts Life and Annuity Insurance.” The web page also touts its

15 The website indicates that “M&T Investment Group is a service mark of M&T
Bank Corporation and consists of M&T Securities, Inc., the investment-related areas
of M&T Bank and investment advisory firms MTB Investment Advisors, Inc., and
Zirkin-Cutler Investments, Inc.

Serial No. 77782734
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life insurance services: “Let one [sic, of] our life insurance profes-
sionals put together the right Massachusetts life insurance quote
for you.”

J. Craig Riddle Company DBA Riddle Insurance advertises the
availability of “Business-Commercial” (including “umbrella-excess
liability”) insurance, and “Life & Health” (including “whole and
universal life”) insurance, at www.riddleins.com. The website ad-
vises: “When placing coverage for our insured, we have several
domestic and foreign markets from which to choose.”

The Reisen Agency advertises “complete insurance programs” at
www.reisinagency.com. Under the heading “Business coverage,”
the agency offers both “Commercial Excess Liability” and “Uni-
versal Life Insurance.”

Applicant argues in its reply brief that “the mere fact that some third
parties may offer products or services like those of both [applicant and regis-
trant] does not suffice to overcome the significant differences in the actual
services that [applicant and registrant] offer. This is akin to arguing that
chewing gum and razor blades are similar or related products simply because
grocery stores may offer both products.”16 We disagree. A prospective con-
sumer visiting the above websites will be exposed to a single source for the
services. The fact that the services may be offered, as applicant argues, “to
different consumer groups (individuals vs. businesses), in different sections of
their websites (personal lines vs. insurance lines),”17 does not compel us to
conclude otherwise. It is not uncommon for users to navigate a website by us-
ing links or tabs, which suggests that prospective consumers would be famil-

16 Reply Brief, p. 5.
17 Ibid.
Serial No. 77782734
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iar with this arrangement and not consider any of the single websites neces-
sarily akin to a grocery store. Moreover, as the excerpt from The Reisen
Agency’s website shows, it is not universally true that individual and business
policies are always offered in different sections. Moreover, although the
banks that offer insurance policies (M&T and Wells Fargo) do offer these ser-
vices through technically different companies, the companies appear related,
and each uses the dominant element (“house mark”) in its name.
For these reasons, we find the third-party registrations and web pages
probative of the relatedness of the services. This du Pont factor favors a find-
ing of likelihood of confusion.
C. Trade Channels; Classes of Purchasers
Considering the channels of trade and classes of purchasers, applicant
argues that the parties’ services “are offered to completely different sets of
consumers,”18 namely “businesses versus individuals,” and that the purchas-
ers are sophisticated. Applicant argues that purchasers of life insurance
products are sophisticated because these are “relatively complex and expen-
sive, may involve the investment of funds over extended periods of time, and
are generally sold only through agents with expertise in the field.”19 Appli-
cant argues that commercial excess and surplus insurance services “are of

18 Id., at 4.
19 Applicant’s Appeal Brief, p. 16.
Serial No. 77782734
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course provided only to sophisticated commercial enterprises.”20 We note
however, that there are no restrictions in either applicant’s or registrant’s
identification of services, so we must consider that each can market its insur-
ance services through direct sales as well as through agents, and that these
related services can be offered to the same consumers. See Octocom Systems,
Inc. v. Houston Computers Services Inc., 918 F.2d 937, 16 USPQ2d 1783, 1787
(Fed. Cir. 1990) (“The authority is legion that the question of registrability of
an applicant’s mark must be decided on the basis of the identification of goods
set forth in the application regardless of what the record may reveal as to the
particular nature of an applicant’s goods, the particular channels of trade or
the class of purchasers to which the sales of goods are directed”). Again, as
the excerpt from The Reisen Agency’s website suggests, by including both life
and liability insurance under the same heading, the class of consumer likely
includes any individual seeking to simultaneously purchase both business and
personal insurance. Finally, it is settled that even sophisticated purchasers
are not immune from source confusion. See In re Research Trading Corp., 793
F.2d 1276, 230 USPQ 49, 50 (Fed. Cir. 1986), citing Carlisle Chemical Works,
Inc. v. Hardman & Holden Ltd., 434 F.2d 1403, 168 USPQ 110, 112 (CCPA
1970) (“Human memories even of discriminating purchasers…are not infalli-
ble.”).
This factor favors a finding of likelihood of confusion.

20 Ibid.
Serial No. 77782734
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D. Actual Confusion
Applicant argues that there is no evidence of actual confusion despite the
parties’ use of their respective marks for almost four years.21 Even assuming
the contemporaneous use of applicant’s and registrant’s marks for a period of
almost four years without actual confusion, this fact is entitled to little
weight. See In re Majestic Distilling Co., Inc., 315 F.3d 1311, 1317, 65
USPQ2d 1201, 1205 (Fed. Cir. 2003) (“uncorroborated statements of no known
instances of actual confusion are of little evidentiary value. … The lack of evi-
dence of actual confusion carries little weight, … especially in an ex parte con-
text.”) In any event, the record is devoid of probative evidence relating to the
extent of use of applicant’s and registrant’s marks and of whether there have
been meaningful opportunities for instances of actual confusion to have oc-
curred in the marketplace. United States Army, 85 USPQ2d at 1273. See al-
so, Cunningham v. Laser Golf Corp., 222 F.3d 943, 55 USPQ2d 1842, 1847
(Fed. Cir. 2000); and Gillette Canada Inc. v. Ranir Corp., 23 USPQ2d 1768,
1774 (TTAB 1992).
Accordingly, the du Pont factor of the length of time during and condi-
tions under which there has been contemporaneous use without evidence of
actual confusion is considered neutral.

21 Applicant’s Amendment to Allege Use alleges a first use date of November, 2009.
Serial No. 77782734
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E. Applicant’s prior FIRST COLONY registration
In 1959, applicant’s predecessor registered the mark FIRST COLONY
for “underwriting life insurance.”22 The FIRST COLONY registration re-
mained in force until May 29, 2010, when applicant “allowed the registration
to expire … because [applicant] had decided to transition from FIRST
COLONY to COLONY for its life insurance underwriting.”23 Applicant argues
that applicant’s ownership of the prior registration demonstrates that “neither
[registrant] nor the Patent & Trademark Office believe that the cited mark is
confusingly similar to a COLONY mark for life insurance underwriting.”24
Applicant overlooks the fact that FIRST COLONY is a different mark than
COLONY. When we determine the likelihood of confusion between marks, we
look to the marks in their entireties. We cannot ignore that the additional
word FIRST in the prior registration changes its commercial impression from
that engendered by the word COLONY alone.
Moreover, as has often been stated, the Board is not bound by prior deci-
sions of examining attorneys, and must decide each case on its own merits
and on the basis of its own record, in accordance with relevant statutory,
regulatory and decisional authority. In re Nett Designs, Inc., 236 F.3d 1339,
57 USPQ2d 1564, 1566 (Fed. Cir. 2001). See also, In re Thomas H. Wilson, 57

22 Reg. No. 687384.
23 Applicant’s Appeal Brief, p. 6.
24 Id., p. 10.
Serial No. 77782734
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USPQ2d 1863, 1871 (TTAB 2001); In re Sunmarks Inc., 32 USPQ2d 1470,
1472 (TTAB 1994).
IV. Conclusion
We have carefully considered the entire record, including all arguments
and the evidence submitted. We find that use of applicant’s mark COLONY
in association with “life insurance underwriting” is likely to cause confusion
with the registered mark for “insurance services, namely,
writing commercial excess and surplus insurance.”
Decision: The refusal to register under Trademark Act § 2(d) is affirmed.