0120083682
01-15-2009
Claudia L. Malloy,
Complainant,
v.
Mary E. Peters,
Secretary,
Department of Transportation,
Agency.
Appeal No. 0120083682
Agency No. 200821960FAA06
DECISION
Complainant filed a timely appeal with this Commission from the agency's
decision dated July 24, 2008, dismissing her complaint of unlawful
employment discrimination in violation of Title VII of the Civil
Rights Act of 1964 (Title VII), as amended, 42 U.S.C. � 2000e et seq.
Upon review, the Commission finds that complainant's complaint was
improperly dismissed pursuant to 29 C.F.R. � 1614.107(a)(1) for failure
to state a claim. In her complaint, complainant alleged that she was
subjected to hostile workplace discrimination on the basis of reprisal
for prior protected EEO activity under Title VII when: (1) from July 2007
through March 2008, her supervisor made several inappropriate, workplace
remarks; and (2) in April 2008, her supervisor filed an Accountability
Board claim against her alleging inappropriate hugging and touching.
With regard to reprisal discrimination, the Commission has stated that
the anti-reprisal provision of Title VII protects those who participate
in the EEO process and also those who oppose discriminatory employment
practices. Participation occurs when an employee has made a charge,
testified, assisted, or participated in any manner in an investigation,
proceeding or hearing. Participation also occurs when an employee files
a labor grievance, if the employee raised issues of unlawful employment
discrimination in the grievance. . . . A variety of activities has
been found to constitute opposition . . . . Because the enforcement of
Title VII depends on the willingness of employees to oppose unlawful
employment practices or policies, courts have interpreted section 704(a)
of Title VII as intending to provide 'exceptionally broad protection
to those who oppose such practices'. . . ." Whipple v. Department
of Veterans Affairs, EEOC Request No. 05910784 (February 21, 1992)
(citations omitted). We note that Title VII protects a person "where
the employee has a reasonable, good faith belief that the challenged
employment practice violates Title VII, even if the belief is later found
to be mistaken. . . . The mistaken belief may be one of law or of fact."
Whipple, supra, quoting Wolf v. J.I. Case Co., 617 F. Supp. 858, 868
(E.D. Wis. 1985).
The Commission has also stated that adverse actions need not qualify
as "ultimate employment actions" or materially affect the terms and
conditions of employment to constitute retaliation. Lindsey v. United
States Postal Service, EEOC Request No. 05980410 (Nov. 4, 1999)
(citing EEOC Compliance Manual, No. 915.003 (May 20, 1998)). Instead,
the statutory retaliation clauses prohibit any adverse treatment that
is based upon a retaliatory motive and is reasonably likely to deter
the charging party or others from engaging in protected activity. Id.
Concerning claim 1, complainant has not established, either in her formal
complaint or on appeal, that she had engaged in any prior EEO activity.
Therefore, the agency's dismissal of claim 1 was proper for failure to
state a claim.
Regarding claim 2, complainant argues in her appeal letter that after her
"supervisor learned I had gone formal [EEO complaint] with my claim, he
filed a Sexual Harassment claim against me. This is retaliation in its
highest form and it has caused me much embarrassment and mental stress."
The Commission find's that this is a viable claim of reprisal because
complaint has cited her attempts to resolve claim 1 in this matter as
her prior EEO activity. Thus, the agency's dismissal of claim 2 was
improper and is reversed.
Accordingly, the agency's final decision dismissing complainant's
complaint is affirmed in part and reversed in part. The complaint is
hereby remanded to the agency for further processing in accordance with
this decision and the Order below.
ORDER (E0408)
The agency is ordered to process the remanded claims in accordance with
29 C.F.R. � 1614.108. The agency shall acknowledge to the complainant
that it has received the remanded claims within thirty (30) calendar
days of the date this decision becomes final. The agency shall issue
to complainant a copy of the investigative file and also shall notify
complainant of the appropriate rights within one hundred fifty (150)
calendar days of the date this decision becomes final, unless the matter
is otherwise resolved prior to that time. If the complainant requests a
final decision without a hearing, the agency shall issue a final decision
within sixty (60) days of receipt of complainant's request.
A copy of the agency's letter of acknowledgment to complainant and a
copy of the notice that transmits the investigative file and notice of
rights must be sent to the Compliance Officer as referenced below.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE COMMISSION'S DECISION (K1208)
Compliance with the Commission's corrective action is mandatory.
The agency shall submit its compliance report within thirty (30) calendar
days of the completion of all ordered corrective action. The report shall
be submitted to the Compliance Officer, Office of Federal Operations,
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, P.O. Box 77960, Washington,
DC 20013. The agency's report must contain supporting documentation,
and the agency must send a copy of all submissions to the complainant.
If the agency does not comply with the Commission's order, the complainant
may petition the Commission for enforcement of the order. 29 C.F.R. �
1614.503(a). The complainant also has the right to file a civil action
to enforce compliance with the Commission's order prior to or following
an administrative petition for enforcement. See 29 C.F.R. �� 1614.407,
1614.408, and 29 C.F.R. � 1614.503(g). Alternatively, the complainant
has the right to file a civil action on the underlying complaint in
accordance with the paragraph below entitled "Right to File A Civil
Action." 29 C.F.R. �� 1614.407 and 1614.408. A civil action for
enforcement or a civil action on the underlying complaint is subject
to the deadline stated in 42 U.S.C. 2000e-16(c) (1994 & Supp. IV 1999).
If the complainant files a civil action, the administrative processing of
the complaint, including any petition for enforcement, will be terminated.
See 29 C.F.R. � 1614.409.
STATEMENT OF RIGHTS - ON APPEAL
RECONSIDERATION (M1208)
The Commission may, in its discretion, reconsider the decision in this
case if the complainant or the agency submits a written request containing
arguments or evidence which tend to establish that:
1. The appellate decision involved a clearly erroneous interpretation
of material fact or law; or
2. The appellate decision will have a substantial impact on the
policies, practices, or operations of the agency.
Requests to reconsider, with supporting statement or brief, must be filed
with the Office of Federal Operations (OFO) within thirty (30) calendar
days of receipt of this decision or within twenty (20) calendar days of
receipt of another party's timely request for reconsideration. See 29
C.F.R. � 1614.405; Equal Employment Opportunity Management Directive for
29 C.F.R. Part 1614 (EEO MD-110), 9-18 (November 9, 1999). All requests
and arguments must be submitted to the Director, Office of Federal
Operations, Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, P.O. Box 77960,
Washington, DC 20013. In the absence of a legible postmark, the request
to reconsider shall be deemed timely filed if it is received by mail
within five days of the expiration of the applicable filing period.
See 29 C.F.R. � 1614.604. The request or opposition must also include
proof of service on the other party. Failure to file within the time
period will result in dismissal of your request for reconsideration
as untimely, unless extenuating circumstances prevented the timely
filing of the request. Any supporting documentation must be submitted
with your request for reconsideration. The Commission will consider
requests for reconsideration filed after the deadline only in very
limited circumstances. See 29 C.F.R. � 1614.604(c).
COMPLAINANT'S RIGHT TO FILE A CIVIL ACTION (T0408)
This decision affirms the agency's final decision/action in part, but it
also requires the agency to continue its administrative processing of a
portion of your complaint. You have the right to file a civil action in
an appropriate United States District Court within ninety (90) calendar
days from the date that you receive this decision on both that portion
of your complaint which the Commission has affirmed and that portion
of the complaint which has been remanded for continued administrative
processing. In the alternative, you may file a civil action after
one hundred and eighty (180) calendar days of the date you filed your
complaint with the agency, or your appeal with the Commission, until
such time as the agency issues its final decision on your complaint.
If you file a civil action, you must name as the defendant in the
complaint the person who is the official agency head or department head,
identifying that person by his or her full name and official title.
Failure to do so may result in the dismissal of your case in court.
"Agency" or "department" means the national organization, and not the
local office, facility or department in which you work. If you file
a request to reconsider and also file a civil action, filing a civil
action will terminate the administrative processing of your complaint.
RIGHT TO REQUEST COUNSEL (Z1008)
If you decide to file a civil action, and if you do not have or cannot
afford the services of an attorney, you may request from the Court that
the Court appoint an attorney to represent you and that the Court also
permit you to file the action without payment of fees, costs, or other
security. See Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, as amended,
42 U.S.C. � 2000e et seq.; the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as amended,
29 U.S.C. �� 791, 794(c). The grant or denial of the request is within
the sole discretion of the Court. Filing a request for an attorney with
the Court does not extend your time in which to file a civil action.
Both the request and the civil action must be filed within the time
limits as stated in the paragraph above ("Right to File A Civil Action").
FOR THE COMMISSION:
______________________________
Carlton M. Hadden, Director
Office of Federal Operations
January 15, 2009
__________________
Date
2
0120083682
U.S. EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY COMMISSION
Office of Federal Operations
P.O. Box 77960
Washington, DC 20013
5
0120083682