American Standard, Inc.

National Labor Relations Board - Board Decisions

Jun 4, 1973

203 N.L.R.B. 1132 (N.L.R.B. 1973)

1132 DECISIONS OF NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD
American Standard, Inc. and International Brother-
hood of Pottery & Allied Workers, Local 218, AFL-
CIO. Case 31-CA-2920
June 4, 1973
DECISION AND ORDER
BY CHAIRMAN MILLER AND
MEMBERS KENNEDY AND PENELLO
On September 1, 1972, Administrative Law Judge
Martin S. Bennett issued the attached Decision in this
proceeding. Thereafter, General Counsel filed excep-
tions and a supporting brief, and Respondent filed a
brief in support of the Administrative Law Judge's
Decision.
Pursuant to the provisions of Section 3(b) of the
National Labor Relations Act, as amended, the Na-
tional Labor Relations Board has delegated its au-
thority in this proceeding to a three-member panel.
The Board has considered the record and the at-
tached Decision in light of the exceptions and briefs
and has decided to affirm the rulings, findings, and
conclusions of the Administrative Law Judge only to
the extent consistent herewith.
The Administrative Law Judge, without reaching
the merits, deferred to arbitration issues arising from
8(a)(5) allegations based upon Respondent's refusal
to furnish the Union with available job descriptions
pertaining to its Torrance facility. On the facts and for
the reasons set forth below, we conclude that the al-
leged violation is so insignificant as not to warrant a
finding of violation or a remedial order.
Respondent and the Union have negotiated several
contracts over the years. Commencing with the 1959
negotiations and during every negotiation for a new
contract since , Respondent has proposed a wage plan
wherein task and job descriptions would be provided
and wage rates established therefor. Each time the
Union rejected the proposal.
In preparation for the 1962 national negotiations,
Respondent instructed its industrial engineers to con-
duct time and motion studies and draft job descrip-
tions which were to be incorporated into the wage
plan proposal for the upcoming negotiations.' Re-
spondent averred that by making its wage plan more
concrete, it hoped to persuade the Union to accept it.
But once again the Union rejected the plan and it has
never been incorporated in any agreement between
the parties. The job descriptions developed by Re-
spondent for use in the abortive 1962 negotiations
i It appears that many , if not most, of the job descriptions which were so
developed for the 1%2 negotiations were of a hypothetical or illustrative
nature to exemplify how they were proposed to be used
were the only ones it has ever prepared.
In August 1971, Shop Steward Chapa requested
copies of the aforementioned job descriptions from
Respondent's foremen in the glost and shipping de-
partments. When asked why he wanted them, Chapa
indicated that the Union needed them in order to
determine whether complaints by employees in those
departments alleging an increase in job duties should
be the subject of grievances. After both foremen re-
fused to provide the requested information, formal
grievances were filed and were processed through the
first three steps. At each step, Respondent rejected the
grievances, contending that current job descriptions
were not available, that jobs were not evaluated on the
basis of job descriptions, and that the contract did not
require the issuance of job descriptions'
The Union filed the instant charge on February 22,
1972. The following day, the Union wrote Respon-
dent requesting arbitration. In subsequent discussions
between the parties, both sides agreed that arbitration
should be deferred pending the outcome of the
Board's decision in this proceeding. They further
agreed that if the Union received an adverse decision
from this forum, it could still take the matter to arbi-
tration.
The Administrative Law Judge concluded that the
aforementioned contract grievance procedure would
"manifestly encompass the matter in litigation here-
in" and, accordingly, that the Board, following Col-
lyer Insulated Wire,' should defer to the parties'
agreed-upon method for resolution of the instant con-
troversy. He therefore found it unnecessary to decide
the case on the merits.
It is now well settled that a collective-bargaining
representative is entitled to information which may be
relevant to its task as bargaining agent, and this is not
a matter for deferral to arbitration where, as here, the
material is sought as a statutory, rather than a con-
tract, right.4 It is clear in the case before us that there
is no contract clause dealing specifically with the fur-
nishing of information necessary and relevant to the
processing of grievances or any other clause by which
the Union waives its statutory right to such informa-
tions Under these circumstances we do not agree with
the Administrative Law Judge that this issue should
be deferred to the arbitration procedure under Col-
lyer.
2 Although the contract provides for a change of wage rates where there
has been a substantial change injob duties and provides grievance machinery
culminating in final and binding arbitration, nothing in the contract address-
es itself to or regulates the respective rights and obligation of the parties with
respect to information
1 Collyer Insulated Wire, A Gulf and Western Systems Co, 192 NLRB 837
E g., The Timken Roller Bearing Company, 138 NLRB 15, enfd 325 F 2d
746 (C A 6, 1963)
5 See, e g, Acme Industrial Company, 150 NLRB 1463 , 1465, enforcement
denied 351 F 2d 258 (C A 7, 1965), reversed and remanded 385 U.S 432
(1967)
203 NLRB No. 169
AMERICAN STANDARD
On the merits, however, we find that the informa-
tion sought was either irrelevant or, if relevant, of
such picayune significance that there is no basis what-
ever for concluding that failure to supply it would
impede the Union in its proper functioning or that its
possession might enable the Union to represent the
employees more effectively.' Thus, we have conclud-
ed that the only appropriate order to enter in this case
is one of outright dismissal.
The job descriptions requested by the Union here
were 9 years old. Even at the time they were devel-
oped, the descriptions did not, for the most part, actu-
ally reflect the job content of the jobs described, since
they were purposely designed to be hypothetical in
nature to illustrate the workings of the proposed wage
plan. And finally, during consecutive contract negoti-
ations the Union rejected the wage plan and the ac-
companying job descriptions. Accordingly, it is
apparent that they were not matters even arguably
relevant to the Union's grievances.
Further, even if relevant, Respondent's refusal to
provide information so remote to the subject matter
of the real dispute between the parties is not a matter
worthy of serious consideration by this Board. As we
said in a recent case,7
[T]he alleged misconduct here is of such obvious-
ly limited impact and significance that we ought
not to find that it rises to the level of constituting
a violation of our Act. The Board's rising case
load and the problems involved in handling it
could be alleviated if cases of this type were not
processed... .
Similarly here, the subject matter of this entire pro-
ceeding is of so insignificant a nature that we would
not utilize it as a basis for finding a violation or issuing
a remedial order. Accordingly, we shall dismiss the
complaint in its entirety.
ORDER
Pursuant to Section 10(c) of the National Labor
Relations Act, as amended, the National Labor Rela-
tions Board adopts as its Order the recommended
Order of the Administrative Law Judge and hereby
orders that the complaint be, and it hereby is, dis-
missed in its entirety.
6 See Acme Industrial Company, supra.
7 American Federation of Musicians, Local 76, AFL-CIO, 202 NLRB No
80. See also cases cited in In . 6 therein.
DECISION
STATEMENT OF THE CASE
1133
MARTIN S. BENNETT , Administrative Law Judge: This mat-
ter was heard at Los Angeles, California, on June 29, 1972.
The complaint, issued April 11 and based upon a charge
filed February 22, 1972, by International Brotherhood of
Pottery & Allied Workers, Local 218, AFL-CIO, herein the
Union, alleges that Respondent, American Standard, Inc.,
has engaged in unfair labor practices within the meaning of
Section 8(a)(5) and (1) of the Act. Briefs have been submit-
ted by the General Counsel and Respondent.
Upon the entire record in the case, and from my observa-
tion of the witnesses , I make the following:
FINDINGS OF FACT
I JURISDICTIONAL FINDINGS
American Standard, Inc., is engaged in the manufacture
of chinaware at various plants throughout the United States
including a plant at Torrance, California, the only plant
involved herein. Respondent annually ships products val-
ued in excess of $50,000 from its Torrance plant directly to
points outside the State of California. I find that the opera-
tions of Respondent affect commerce within the meaning of
Section 2(6) and (7) of the Act.
II THE LABOR ORGANIZATION INVOLVED
International Brotherhood of Pottery & Allied Workers,
Local 218, AFL-CIO is a labor organization within the
meaning of Section 2(5) of the Act.
III THE ALLEGED UNFAIR LABOR PRACTICES
A. The Issue
Respondent and the Union have at all times material
herein been signatory to contracts covering production and
maintenance employees, with varying exclusions , at seven
plants, including the plant at Torrance. The last of these
covers the period from June 1, 1971, through May 31, 1973.
The facts herein are either stipulated or not in dispute. The
sole issue is whether Respondent has engaged in unfair
labor practices within the meaning of Section 8(a)(5) and (1)
of the Act by refusing to supply the Union job descriptions
of employees in the bargaining unit represented by the latter
at Torrance. As will appear, the case is disposed of upon
another ground, although I deem it in order to set forth the
bargaining history.
B. Background
During the 1959 negotiations, Respondent proposed that
the new contract incorporate a wage plan wherein tasks and
job descriptions were formulated and wage rates established
therefor; this concept was rejected by the Union. In 1960,
Respondent made a similar proposal and this was again
1134 DECISIONS OF NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD
rejected by the Union . In preparation for the 1962 negotia-
tions, and in the hope of selling this concept to the Union,
Respondent's industrial engineer made time and motion
studies and drafted job descriptions. These proposals were
submitted to the Union . Again , there was disagreement and
the May 1962 agreement did not incorporate them.
These job descriptions , the parties agree , were not intend-
ed as general descriptions , but rather as examples of how the
proposed wage plan would operate . They were not used by
Respondent with respect to the Torrance employees. Prior
to the 1963 negotiations , Respondent again submitted a
proposed wage plan to the Union , but this too was rejected.
The April 1962 job descriptions are the only ones Respon-
dent has ever prepared . While the Union originally had
these in its possession , it no longer has and it is the attempt
of the Union to obtain them that is the crux of this case. The
April 1962 job descriptions have not been revised or
changed to reflect any new processes or jobs and the parties
agree that some 42 foremen have not used the 1962 job
descriptions in any manner to deal with employees.
Prior to 1966 negotiations , the Union decided to reject
any wage plan prepared or submitted by Respondent which
reflected time studies or job evaluation programs. Respon-
dent did submit its wage plan at that time and it was duly
rejected . In 1969 and 1971 negotiations , Respondent resub-
mitted the wage plan concept and it was again rejected.
C. The Instant Dispute
In August 1971, Shop Steward Ray Chapa of the glost
and shipping departments asked Foreman Walter Howells
of the glost department for job descriptions.' This was pred-
icated on the fact that Chapa was receiving complaints that
employees were being assigned duties beyond those as-
signed by a predecessor foreman and , according to Chapa,
he so advised Howells . The latter replied that management
reserved the right to make any changes it deemed necessary.
Chapa later again requested this information and Ho-
wells asked that he put his request in writing . On August 24,
Chapa submitted a written request for "all job duties" in the
glost and shipping departments . Howells next told Chapa
that the front office preferred that he file a grievance pur-
suant to the contract.2
Late in August, Chapa made a similar request to Fore-
man Louis Funk of the shipping department and the next
afternoon, Funk gave Chapa job descriptions for both
piecework and hourly rated employees; these included
hourly rated employees in the shipping department. Chapa
put the documents in his desk but , several days later , discov-
ered that they were missing . He asked Funk for another set
and Funk refused, stating, according to Chapa, that these
were for company use only.3
Chapa next told Howells that Funk had supplied him
' Respondent has both hourly paid and piecework employee job descrip-
tions . The latter descriptions have been made available and the instant dis-
pute involves only the hourly paid employees.
2 The grievance and arbitration language of the contract is treated herein-
after.
7 Funk vaguely recalled the incident . He testified that he gave one or two
of the 1962 job descriptions to Chapa, but denied that he told Chapa that
they were solely for use by Respondent in dealing with the Union.
with job descriptions. According to Chapa, Howells admit-
ted that Respondent possessed such job descriptions, but
claimed that they were solely for company use so that Re-
spondent would know what the men were doing.
D. The Grievances
On September 28, Chapa filed two formal grievances,
respectively asking for copies of the job descriptions and job
duties of all positions in the shipping and glost departments.
During the first week of October, the grievances were reject-
ed at the first step on the grounds that the jobs were not
evaluated on the basis of job descriptions and that job de-
scriptions were not available.
In October, the grievances were presented at the second
step, the Union contending that it needed these job descrip-
tions so that it could evaluate any grievances alleging a
change in job content. Respondent rejected the grievances.
According to Chapa and Union President Pedro Garcia,
Respondent's representative asserted that these were for
company use only. In the grievance forms, dated in October
and November, Respondent stated that current job descrip-
tions are not available and that jobs are not evaluated on
the basis of job description.
The grievances went to the third step and were again
rejected on December 9 on the ground that the contract did
not require job descriptions and, further, that the descrip-
tions were not current. By letter of December 10, the Union
requested job descriptions for all positions covered by the
contract. On December 17, Respondent replied and re-
ferred to the two above-described grievances. Plant Manag-
er Day therein stated that no current job descriptions were
available and, inter alia, wrote that there was no reason for
providing job descriptions.
On January 19, 1972, another meeting was held and, by
letter of February 7, Plant Manager Day again rejected the
grievances on the ground that no current job descriptions
were available. On February 23, International Representa-
tive Thomas Perazzo of the Union wrote to Respondent and
requested arbitration, pointing out that the Union would
accept whatever descriptions Respondent had, even if out-
dated.
The instant charge was filed on February 22, 1972. Peraz-
zo next asked Personnel Director Malonek if we wished to
go to arbitration, pursuant to his letter, or await a decision
by the Board. Malonek then proposed that arbitration be
deferred. Perazzo and Malonek agreed that the case should
be submitted to the Board and that, if the Union received
an adverse decision from the Board, the matter could then
be taken to arbitration. This is the present posture of the
case . Arbitration has been deferred; Respondent has the
1962 job descriptions, such as they are; and it refuses to
furnish them to the Union. While the contract, discussed
below, provides that arbitration may be resorted to within
15 days after an adverse decision by the plant manager, I
find that the parties manifestly waived this requirement.
E. Language of the Contract
Article XXI, section 3, provides that when new processes
or job duties are established which result in a substantial
AMERICAN STANDARD
change in job duties or requirements , rates will be estab-
lished by Respondent based upon comparable fixtures. Sec-
tion 4 states that new rates are subject to review by either
party within a 30-day trial period.
Section 5 provides that if Respondent "makes an installa-
tion of equipment or changes an operation or establishes a
new job which is impracticable to continue on piecework"
the Union may process this through the grievance and arbi-
tration procedures of section VII of the contract.4
Turning to article VII , section 1 states that any difference
or dispute between the parties shall be resolved by the griev-
ance procedure. A grievance is defined in section 4 as a
complaint which involves the application, interpretation, or
alleged violation of the contract.
Section 6 states that if, after processing the grievance
through the various steps, the Union is dissatisfied, the mat-
ter may then be appealed to arbitration within 15 working
days and, in section 7, it is provided that the decision of the
arbitrator shall be final and binding.5
F. Concluding Findings
I do not reach the instant issue on the merits because I
believe that the principle in Collyer Insulated Wire, 192
NLRB 837, is controlling herein. In that case, the Board
held that arbitration is the preferred procedure for resolving
a dispute which could be submitted to arbitration concern-
ing the meaning of the parties ' agreement.
In the instant case, the parties have had a long-estab-
lished collective-bargaining relationship. The contract con-
tains a grievance procedure covering all grievances
involving the application, interpretation or alleged violation
of the agreement 4nd that would manifestly encompass the
matter in litigation herein. Although the Union originally
took up the matter under the established grievance proce-
dure, at the suggestion of Respondent it suspended such
procedure.
The Board in similar circumstances has held that the
policy of promoting industrial peace and stability through
collective bargaining warrants requiring the parties to honor
the contractual grievance and arbitration obligation that
they themselves have voluntarily established. Titus-Will
Ford Sales, Inc., 197 NLRB 147. Indeed, I note that in
Brotherhood of Teamsters & Auto Truckdrivers Local No. 70,
4 Whether or not this applies only to piecework is not revealed.
3 As noted, I deem the mutual decision of the parties to defer arbitration
pending the instant case as a waiver of the 15-day clause.
1135
International Brotherhood of Teamsters, Chauffeurs, Ware-
housemen & Helpers of America (National Biscuit Company)
198 NLRB No. 4, the dissent pointed out that the charging
party, there the employer, had not attempted to have the
dispute resolved through the established contractual ma-
chinery and that the time limit for such use had expired,
unlike the present case, where there has been a waiver ther-
of.
In essence, the parties are in the position of shopping for
a forum . Their long-established grievance procedure and,
more particularly, the arbitration clause thereof is being
kept in limbo until such time as they may find fault with the
decision of the Board. In view thereof, I shall recommend
that the complaint be dismissed, provided that jurisdiction
is retained by the Board for the limited purpose of entertain-
ing an appropriate and timely motion for further consider-
ation upon a proper showing that either (a) the dispute has
not, with reasonable promptness after the issuance of this
Decision, either been resolved by amicable settlement under
the grievance procedure or submitted promptly to arbitra-
tion , (b) the grievance or arbitration procedure has not been
fair and regular or has reached a result which is repugnant
to the Act, or (c) the decision by the arbitrator is not wholly
dispositive of the issues in this proceeding.
CONCLUSIONS OF LAW
1. American Standard, Inc., is an employer whose opera-
tions affect commerce within the meaning of Section 2(6)
and (7) of the Act.
2. International Brotherhood of Pottery & Allied Work-
ers, Local 218, AFL-CIO, is a labor organization within the
meaning of Section 2(5) of the Act.
3. Respondent has not engaged in unfair labor practices
with the meaning of Section 8(a)(5) and (1) of the Act.6
Upon the foregoing findings of fact, conclusions of law,
and the entire record, and pursuant to Section 10(c) of the
Act, I hereby issue the following recommended:
ORDER?
The complaint is dismissed.
6 This, of course , is subject to the retention of jurisdiction outlined above.
7 In the event no exceptions are filed as provided by Sec 102.46 of the
Rules and Regulations of the National Labor Relations Board , the findings,
conclusions , and recommended Order herein shall, as provided in Sec. 102 48
of the Rules and Regulations , be adopted by the Board and become its
findings, conclusions , and order , and all objections thereto shall be deemed
waived for all purposes.