Allen, Lane & Scott

National Labor Relations Board - Board Decisions

May 23, 1962

137 N.L.R.B. 223 (N.L.R.B. 1962)

ALLEN, LANE &.SCOTT, ETC. 223
security benefits, but who, according to the Employer, may forgo his
social security benefits and accept full-time employment. If at the
time of the election he is still working on the basis of earning. no
more than the maximum permitted in connection with his social
security benefits, he shall be considered as excluded from the unit.'
If he is working regularly, either full or part time and without regard
to the above maximum, he shall be included.
We find that a. unit of the following employees is appropriate for
purposes of collective bargaining within the meaning of. Section 9(b)
of the Act
All employees of the Employer at its two hardware stores on Main
Street, Taunton, Massachusetts, including office clerical employees,
truckdrivers, and regular part-time employees, but excluding outside
salesmen, retired employees working only the maximum permitted
under social security, managers, and supervisors as defined in the Act.
[Text of Direction of Election omitted from publication.]
CHAIRMAN MOCULLOCI- took no part in the consideration of the
above Decision and Direction of Election.
5 See Hoosier Desk Company, 65 NLRB 785, 787.
Allen, Lane & Scott ; Casey & Andrews; Cuneo Eastern Press,
Inc.; Edward Stern & Co., Inc . and Lithographic Service ' Com-
pany, Inc.;' Edward Stern & Co., Inc . and Local 14, Amalga-
mated Lithographers of America, AFL-CIO , Petitioner. Cases
Nos. -4-RC-4522 and 4-RC-4523. May 23, 1962
DECISION AND DIRECTION OF ELECTIONS
Upon the petitions duly filed under Section 9(c) of the National
Labor Relations Act, a consolidated hearing was held before Chester
S. Montgomery, hearing officer. The hearing officer's rulings made
at the hearing are free from prejudicial error and are hereby affirmed.
On April 5, 1962, the Board heard oral argument.
Upon the entire record in these cases; the briefs of the parties, and
the oral argument, the Board finds:
1. The Employers are engaged in commerce within the meaning
of the Act.
2. The labor organizations involved claim to represent certain
employees of the Employers.2
1 The Employer's name appears as amended at the hearing.
' International Printing Pressmen and Assistants Union of North America, AFL-CIO,
and Its Locals 4 and 11 , International Photo Engravers Union , AFL-CIO, Local 7, and
137 NLRB No. 33.
224 DECISIONS OF NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD
3. Questions affecting commerce exist concerning the representa-
tion of employees of the Employers within the meaning of Section
9(c) (1) and Section 2 (6) and (7) of the Act.
4. In the first petition, Case No. 4-RC-4522, the Lithographers
seeks to sever a unit of lithographic production employees from a
multiemployer bargaining group composed of 12 employers, including
the 4 here involved.' Of the remaining eight, four have no litho-
graphic employees and four already have contracts with the Peti-
tioner covering their lithographic employees. Allen, Lane & Scott,
Cuneo Eastern Press, Inc., and Edward Stern & Co., Inc., have a his-
tory of multiemployer bargaining for the employees involved herein
with the intervening Pressmen. In view of this we find that the unit
has been multiemployer in scope and that any severance granted
should also be multiemployer in scope.'
Allen, Lane & Scott employs approximately 41 employees to operate
its letterpress and offset presses. The employees engaged in litho-
graphic work operate standard lithographic equipment and exercise
the skills and duties common among lithographic employees. The
company does its own lithographic preparatory work and employs
about 13 nien for this purpose. In addition, there are a number of
other employees associated with the printing process. These include
an ink mixer, quality control employee, proof press operator, artists,
shippers, maintenance men, a janitor, and bindery employees. Some
of these employees are currently unrepresented.
Cuneo Eastern Press, Inc., is a large commercial printer. It em-
ploys 27 men in the offset department, 19 of whom operate the presses.
The remaining eight do the preparatory work for the offset presses.
In addition, Cuneo employs a number of men to staff its letterpress
department. The offset preparatory and press employees exercise the
normal skills of those involved in these types of work.
Edward Stern & Co., Inc., employs about 74 men to operate its
letterpress and offset presses. The offset press employees exercise
traditional lithographic skills. In addition to these men, there are
a number of others whose duties are functionally related to press
work. They are the floorboys, paper stock handlers, maintenance men,
janitor, utility worker, porter, clericals, and bindery employees.
Building Service Employees International Union, Local #69, AFL-CIO , intervened on
the basis of a contract interest and fully participated in the hearings.
Philadelphia Typographical Union, AFL-CIO, Local 2, affiliated with International
Typographical Union , AFL-CIO, and Bookbinders and Bindery Women's Union, Local
No 2 of Philadelphia , affiliated with International Brotherhood of Bookbinders , AFL-CIO,
also intervened on the basis of a contract interest. They did not fully participate in the
hearings and did not file briefs.
Allied Printing Employers ' Association , a division of Printing Industries of Philadelphia,
Inc, intervened on behalf of the employer group named in the consolidated petitions.
The Association has served as the negotiating group for these employers for some time.
3 At the hearing the Petitioner declared that it did not seek to represent any of the
employees of Casey & Andrews Since this company does not employ any lithographic
employees , the petition is dismissed as to this Employer
4 Printing Industry of Delaware , 131 NLRB 1100.
ALLEN, LANE & SCOTT, ETC. 225
We are urged by the Employers and Intervenors to reconsider our
long-standing rules concerning unit determinations in the commercial
printing industry. They contend that numerous technological de-
velopments have caused a shift in the pattern of the industry and
resulted in a blending of printing techniques which have almost eradi-
cated those features of lithography distinguishing it from other types
of printing. In addition, these parties argue that the extent of plant
integration and employee interchange in the Employers' operations
render lithographic production units inappropriate. Further, they
maintain that the traditional lithographic production unit is inappro-
priate because there is no community of interest among lithographic
preparatory and press employees which warrants their inclusion in
the same unit. Accordingly, the Employers and Intervenors move
to dismiss the first petition on the ground that only an overall unit
of letterpress and lithographic pressmen is appropriate.
Elaborating on the first point raised, the Employers and Inter-
venors note that since World War II most commercial printers have
shifted from operating exclusively as letterpress shops to combined
letterpress and lithographic printing plants. Along with this evolu-
tion they contend that there have been several technological develop-
ments which tend to eliminate the old distinctions between printing
techniques to the extent that all printing processes have become so
merged that they are quite similar. It is further argued that new
processes and equipment are now being introduced which will com-
pletely erase the traditional distinctions.
The Board recognizes the technological advances which have taken
place in recent years in the commercial printing industry. We are
also aware of other impending technological changes which may alter
the present character of the industry to an even greater degree. We
do not, however, find on this record, that current progress in the in-
dustry has advanced to a degree where daily use of new techniques
and machinery, like the dycril plate and Heidelberg press , has been
instituted. We conclude, therefore, that the evidence does not war-
rant present reconsideration of the Board's long-standing rules con-
cerning appropriate units in the commercial printing industry. We
will, however, continue to scrutinize very closely the future course
of this industry, and we will be prepared to reevaluate our unit policies
upon a proper showing that technological advancements and the needs
of the industry require it. In the state of this record, we find that a
unit composed of the lithographic production employees at Allen,
Lane & Scott and Cuneo Eastern Press, Inc., and the offset press
employees at Edward Stern & Co., Inc., is appropriate and that it may
be severed from the historical multiemployer unit.
In their briefs and oral arguments , the Employers and Intervenors
have stressed the considerable amount of interchange of lithographic
649856-63-vol 137-16
226 DECISIONS OF NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD
and letterpress pressmen which regularly occurs at the plants in-
volved. They claim that this interchange brings the Employers' op-
erations within the Pacific Press doctrine 5 and makes only an overall
unit of all pressmen appropriate. It is current Board policy to permit
the establishment of separate lithographic production units, if the
employees so desire, except where the standards of Pacific Press are
met. The Employers' assertions were predicated upon a detailed anal-
ysis of the interchange only at Allen, Lane & Scott. However, the sub-
stantial interchange requirement of Pacific Press has not been satisfied
thereby. Further, the Employers introduced no evidence to support
their statements concerning interchange at Edward Stern & Co., Inc.,
and Cuneo Eastern Press, Inc. Such bare, unsubstantiated claims
are an insufficient basis on which to find that the standards of Pacific
Press have been fulfilled. Accordingly, we find that the evidence of
interchange of employees at these Employers' operations constitutes
no impediment to the establishment of a lithographic production unit.
The Employers and Intervenors next object to the Board's policy
of combining lithographic preparatory and press employees in one
unit. They argue that this practice violates the rules set forth in
American Potash & Chemical Corporation.' This argument is based
on an erroneous premise since the Board has not applied this doctrine
to lithographic production units. The Board has held that a litho-
graphic unit is neither a craft nor a departmental unit within the
meaning of American Potash.7 Rather, the Board has consistently
granted severance of traditional lithographic units on the basis of
the common interests and duties of lithographic employees.
There remains for determination the unit placement of the indi-
vidual employees listed above. In accordance with our usual prac-
tice we shall exclude all those not predominantly engaged in the lith-
ographic process.' Thus, in the three-employer unit we shall exclude
the following employees at Allen, Lane & Scott : the quality control
employee, the proof press operator, shippers, maintenance men, bindery
employees, and the janitor. The ink mixer is unrepresented. He
mixes ink for both the letterpress and offset presses. As the record
does not disclose which activity he is primarily engaged in, we shall
allow him to vote subject to challenge. There are a number of artists
employed at Allen, Lane & Scott; however, there is no testimony
describing their functions. Since we do not know whether they are
creative artists or are engaged in lithographic production work we
shall allow them to vote subject to challenge.'
s 66 NLRB 458. 'See also Pacific Coast Association of Pulp and Paper Manufacturers,
130 NLRB 1031.
e 107 NLRB 1418.
7 Shumate Inc., 131 NLRB 98, footnote 6.
s Employing Printers of Peoria, 130 NLRB 1511.
9 Pacific Coast Association of Pulp and Paper Manufacturers, 121 NLRB 990.
ALLEN, LANE & SCOTT, ETC. 227
For the reason stated above, we shall also exclude from the unit the
following employees of Edward Stern & Co., Inc.: floorboys, paper
stock handlers, maintenance men, clericals, bindery workers, the por-
ter, the janitor, and the utility worker.
Accordingly, we find that the lithographic employees sought in the
first petition may, if they so desire, constitute a separate appropriate
unit. We shall not, however, make any final unit determination at this
time, but shall first ascertain the desires of the employees in the elec-
tions hereinafter directed.
5. In the second petition, Case No. 4-RC-4523, the Lithographers
seeks to represent a unit of lithographic preparatory employees com-
posed of the employees of Lithographic Service Company, Inc., and
Edward Stern & Co., Inc. The employees of these employers have bar-
gained together as a multiemployer unit for 8 years.
Lithographic Service Company, Inc., does solely offset preparatory
work. It employs about 20 men for this purpose. All employees do-
ing this work are covered by the Photoengravers' contract, except two
plate grainers, who are unrepresented.
Edward Stern & Co., Inc., has approximately 33 employees en-
gaged in offset preparatory work. Despite some differences in two of
the preparatory techniques used at Stern from those normally found
in printing firms, the Board here finds that the men doing offset pre-
paratory work and related functions are essentially engaged in litho-
graphic preparatory work. In addition to these employees there are
a number of others who are associated with the lithographic pre-
paratory operations. They are the plate grainer, chemical mixer,
artists, a proofreader, a messenger, and a clerical. As will be ex-
plained below, some of these employees are unrepresented and the rest
are covered by contracts with other unions.
The Employers and Intervenors request the dismissal of the second
petition on the ground that it encompasses an inappropriate unit in
that it fails to include all the lithographic press and preparatory em-
ployees at Edward Stern & Co., Inc., in a single unit. The Employers
and Intervenors rely on our finding in National Cash Register Colo
That case, however, involved a single plant of an employer in which
there was no history of multiemployer bargaining. The Board has
established different criteria where, as here, there is a history of col-
lective bargaining in a multiemployer group. In such cases, the Board
customarily sanctions the continuance of the previously existing
unit." In view of this, and on the record as a whole, we find ap-
propriate for collective bargaining a unit consisting of the litho-
graphic preparatory employees at Lithographic Service Company,
Inc., and Edward Stern & Co., Inc.
10 119 NLRB 486.
n Employing Printers of Peoria, supra ; Printing Industry of Seattle, Inc., 116 NLRB
1883.
228 DECISIONS OF NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD
At Lithographic Service Company, Inc., there are two unrepre-
sented plate grainers. It is not disputed that they are engaged in lith-
ographic work and belong in the unit. We shall not grant these em-
ployees a separate election because to do so would perpetuate a unit
which the Board would not certify because it failed to include all
eligible employees. We shall include them.
At Edward Stern & Co., Inc., the unit problem concerns the plate
grainer, the chemical mixer, and two artists. The plate grainer and
chemical mixer are engaged in lithographic production work. At
the time that this petition was filed, on February 28, 1961, these em-
ployees were purportedly covered by a contract with the intervening
Building Service Employees Union. This contract was to be effective
from March 1, 1959, to February 28, 1961. Thus if the contract is
valid, the petition is barred because it was filed on the last day of the
60-day insulated period.12 However, it appears that this contract
was not signed by the Union and no evidence was introduced to prove
that it was ever executed. Accordingly, under the Board's Rules
it cannot constitute a bar to the present petition.13 We shall include
these employees in the unit.
The artists perform lettering, retouching, prepare mount ups, make
layouts, correct damaged artwork furnished by customers, outline art-
work finished, make blueprint dummies, assemble blueprints, and do
similar work. They spend 80 percent of their time in lithographic
production work. We find that this is not essentially creative work
and, accordingly, we shall also include these employees in the unit.
As in the first petition, we shall exclude the proofreader, messenger,
and clerical since they are not predominantly engaged in lithographic
work.
In view of the foregoing, we find that the lithographic preparatory
employees sought in the second petition constitute an appropriate unit.
Accordingly, we find that a unit consisting of the employees described
below is appropriate for the purpose of collective bargaining within
the meaning of Section 9 (b) of the Act :
All offset preparatory employees at Lithographic Service Co., Inc.,
and Edward Stern & Co., Inc., excluding the proofreader, messenger,
and clerical at Edward Stern & Co., Inc., and excluding all other
employees, office clerical employees, guards, supervisors, and profes-
sional employees as defined in the Act.
We also direct that an election be conducted in a voting group of
the employees sought in the first petition. We shall not, however,,
make any final unit determination at this time, but shall first ascertain
the desires of these employees as expressed in the election hereinafter
directed.
12 Pacific Coast Association of Pulp and Paper Manufacturers , supra.
13 Appalachian Shale Products Co., 121 NLRB 1160.
BERNHARD ALTMANN INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION 229
All lithographic production employees of Allen, Lane & Scott and
Cuneo Eastern Press, Inc., and all offset press employees of Edward
Stern & Co., Inc., excluding the quality control employees, the proof
press operator, shippers, maintenance men, bindery employees, and
the janitor at Allen, Lane & Scott; also excluding floorboys, paper
stock handlers, maintenance men, clericals, bindery workers, the por-
ter, the janitor, and the utility worker at Edward Stern & Co., Inc.;
and excluding all other employees, office clerical employees, guards,
supervisors, and professional employees as defined in the Act.
If a majority of the employees in the above-described voting group
vote for the Petitioner, they will be taken to have indicated their
desire to constitute a separate appropriate unit, and the Regional
Director conducting the election herein is instructed to issue a certi-
fication of representatives to the Petitioner for the unit described
above which the Board, in such circumstances, finds to be appropriate
for purposes of collective bargaining. If a majority of the employees
in said voting group do not vote for the Petitioner, they will be taken
to have indicated their desire to remain a part of the unit now repre-
sented by the Intervenors, and the Regional Director will issue a
certification of results of election to such effect.
[Text of Direction of Elections omitted from publication.]
Bernhard Altmann International Corporation and International
Ladies' Garment Workers' Union , AFL-CIO. Case No. 23-CA-
1275. May 23, 1962
DECISION AND ORDER
On February 28, 1962, Trial Examiner John H. Dorsey issued his
Intermediate Report in the above-entitled proceeding, finding that
Respondent had not engaged in the unfair labor practices alleged
in the complaint and recommending that the complaint be dismissed
in its entirety, as set forth in the Intermediate Report attached hereto.
Thereafter, the General Counsel and the Charging Party filed ex-
ceptions to the Intermediate Report, together with supporting briefs.
The Respondent filed a reply brief in support of the Intermediate
Report.
Pursuant to the provisions of Section 3 (b) of the Act, the Board
has delegated its powers in connection with this case to a three-member
panel [Chairman McCulloch and Members Rodgers and Fanning].
The Board has reviewed the rulings made by the Trial Examiner
at the hearing and finds that no prejudicial error was committed. The
rulings are hereby affirmed. The Board has considered the Inter-
mediate Report, the exceptions and briefs, and the entire record in
137 NLRB No. 28.