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Town of Barnet v. Cent. Vt. Public Serv. Corp.

Supreme Court of Vermont
Dec 4, 1973
313 A.2d 392 (Vt. 1973)

Summary

explaining that tax appraisers do not have authority to abate taxes

Summary of this case from Murray v. City of Burlington

Opinion

No. 18-72

Opinion Filed December 4, 1973

1. Taxation — Appeals — Lower Court Hearing

A county court de novo hearing need not always precede supreme court review of a board of tax appraisers decision. 3 V.S.A. § 815(a); 32 V.S.A. §§ 4461-4468; V.R.C.P. 74(e).

2. Taxation — Appeals — Review Procedure

In state property tax matters, de novo hearing before the county court is clearly an alternative to hearing before the state board of tax appraisers. 32 V.S.A. §§ 4461-4467.

3. Taxation — Appeals — Review Procedure

The phrase "unless some other court is expressly provided by law", in Administrative Procedure Act provision for appeal to supreme court when administrative remedies have been exhausted unless some other court is expressly provided by law, applies to statutory requirements which specifically limit the courts to which an appeal can be taken; and the phrase did not apply to property tax appeal to supreme court where, under statute, procedure alternative to de novo county court review was chosen. 3 V.S.A. § 815(a); 32 V.S.A. §§ 4461-4468.

4. Appeal and Error — Certification of Questions — Failure to Include Questions in Record

In the absence of a certified statement in the record of the questions of law to be reviewed, the court may, in its discretion, either allow the record to be completed by a subsequent filing of the certification, or dispense with the statement altogether, unless it is coupled to some statutory requirement. V.R.A.P. 2, 13.

5. Taxation — Appraisal — Value

The board of tax appraisers may use devices to assist in arriving at the fair market value of property, but the use of any single method or even a combination of methods that leads the appraisers astray of their statutory responsibility will not be accepted. 32 V.S.A. § 3481.

6. Taxation — Appraisal — Value

In property appraisals by the board of tax appraisers, the fair market valuation must be determined in accordance with statutory requirements and correspond to the listed values of comparable properties within the town. 32 V.S.A. § 4467.

7. Taxation — Appraisal — Board of Tax Appraisers

Compromise or abatement of property tax burdens is not the province of the board of tax appraisers, unless concurred in by all the parties.

8. Taxation — Appraisal — Board of Tax Appraisers

Deviation, by board of tax appraisers, from town's equitable methods of real estate appraisal, will not be upheld where it is not justified by the findings.

Appeal from a tax appraisal. State Board of Tax Appraisers. Affirmed.

Black Plante, and George W. Ray, Jr., Esq. of counsel, White River Junction, for Plaintiff.

Alan B. George, Esq., of Ryan, Smith Carbine, Rutland, for Defendant.

Present: Barney, Smith, Keyser and Daley, JJ., and Hill, C. Supr. J.


This is an appeal from a tax appraisal. The listers of the plaintiff town and, on appeal, the board of civil authority set the 1971 value of the defendant's real estate in the town of Barnet at $483,900. Resort was then had to the commissioner of taxation who referred the matter to a board of tax appraisers under 32 V.S.A. §§ 4461-4468. That board reduced the appraisal to the amount contended for by the defendant, $341,000. The plaintiff then filed a notice of appeal to this Court.

The defendant challenges the appeal on the basis of jurisdiction. The claim is based on 3 V.S.A. § 815(a), coupled with V.R.C.P. 74. The statute allows an appeal to this Court, "unless some other court is expressly provided by law." The rule begins by saying, "Any party entitled thereto by law may appeal to a county court from the decision of any governmental agency in a contested case governed by the Administrative Procedure Act, 3 V.S.A. §§ 801-816."

Since the provisions of V.R.C.P. 74(e) expressly contemplate an eventual appeal to this Court, if desired, the jurisdictional question raised by the defendant is whether or not a county court de novo hearing must always precede that review. We do not find that to be so. Unlike the appeal to county court from a zoning board of adjustment, mandated as exclusive and final by 24 V.S.A. § 4472, the county court in this case functions only as a trial court and finder of the facts.

Furthermore, it is clear from the statutory design of 32 V.S.A. §§ 4461-4467 that the right of a de novo hearing before the county court ( 32 V.S.A. § 4467) is an alternative to a hearing before the state board of tax appraisers. That being so, it does not fall within the condition of 3 V.S.A. § 815(a) as "some other court expressly provided by law." That phrase applies to statutory requirements such as 24 V.S.A. § 4472, which specifically limits the court to which an appeal can be taken. In re Petition of Rhodes, 131 Vt. 308, 305 A.2d 591 (1973). The appeal is properly before us.

The record originally presented to this Court did not contain the certified statement of the questions of law to be reviewed, as required by V.R.A.P. 13. This is not a jurisdictional shortcoming. The Court may, at its option, allow the record to be completed by a subsequent filing of the certification. See State v. Mahoney, 126 Vt. 258, 259, 227 A.2d 401 (1967). Or, alternatively, the Court may go further and, under the authority of V.R.A.P. 2, dispense with the statement altogether, unless it is coupled to some statutory requirement such as 21 V.S.A. § 672. With no such limitation here, this Court is free to proceed with review in the absence of a statement of the legal issues from the agency, and elects to do so.

The issue before us is a simple one. Does the record demonstrate, as a matter of law, that the board of tax appraisers made an assessment of the defendant's property based on fair market value. This is the standard required by 32 V.S.A. § 3481. Approaches, such as reproduction cost, earning power, construction cost less depreciation, or the like, are only devices to assist in arriving at fair market value. This Court has repeatedly warned that the use of any single method, or even combination of methods that leads the appraisers astray of their statutory responsibility will not be accepted. In re Heath, 128 Vt. 519, 524-25, 266 A.2d 812 (1970); Town of Barnet v. New England Power Co., 130 Vt. 407, 412, 296 A.2d 228 (1972).

Difficult as it may be, in the absence of an actual sale between a willing buyer and a willing seller, or a comparable sale of equivalent property, the duty of the board of tax appraisers, under 32 V.S.A. § 4467, is to determine the fair market value. This is not merely a label, but must be supportable. The kind of property involved here, a hydro-electric generating plant and transmission and distribution lines, does not make the task any easier, since such facilities are not frequently bought or sold in the usual sense, nor are they readily marketable. Nevertheless, not only must a justifiable valuation be arrived at in accordance with the requirements of 32 V.S.A. § 4467, but, also, there must be correspondence with the listed value of comparable properties within the town.

The board of tax appraisers made the following findings, among others:

This Board finds that the method of ascertaining fair market value used by the Town of Barnet is equitable when used in relation to appraisals of all real estate within the Town of Barnet. We agree, however, that in a situation such as this one either method of ascertaining fair market value may be an extreme and one should not be used exclusive of the other.

In view of the fact that the Central Vermont Public Service Corporation has attempted to compromise between the method of appraisal suggested by the consultant firm retained by the Town of Barnet and Federal and State regulations pertaining to fair market value for accounting purposes, and because we find that said compromise is equitable, we find that the fair market value of the real estate owned by the Central Vermont Public Service Corporation, within the Town of Barnet, is $341,000.

The language of these findings indicate a deviation from the duty of the board of tax appraisers under the statute. Absent the concurrence of all parties, compromise or abatement of tax burdens is not the proper province of that board. Petition of Mallary, 127 Vt. 412, 417-18, 250 A.2d 837 (1969).

Having found that the Town of Barnet used an equitable method with relation to the appraisal of all real estate in the town, the deviation from it by the board has not been shown by anything in the findings to be justifiable under the law. Either the board did not follow its statutory obligation to arrive at fair market value, or, if it did in fact do so, it so stated its conclusion as to make its procedures appear erroneous. In any event, the matter must be remanded for correction or clarification, as appropriate.

Reversed and remanded to the commissioner of taxes for recommittal to the board of tax appraisers.


Summaries of

Town of Barnet v. Cent. Vt. Public Serv. Corp.

Supreme Court of Vermont
Dec 4, 1973
313 A.2d 392 (Vt. 1973)

explaining that tax appraisers do not have authority to abate taxes

Summary of this case from Murray v. City of Burlington
Case details for

Town of Barnet v. Cent. Vt. Public Serv. Corp.

Case Details

Full title:Town of Barnet v. Central Vermont Public Service Corporation

Court:Supreme Court of Vermont

Date published: Dec 4, 1973

Citations

313 A.2d 392 (Vt. 1973)
313 A.2d 392

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