See also, Omnibus Consolidated Appropriations Act, 1997, Pub. L. No. 104-208, Div. A., Tit. I, § 101(c) [Tit. V, § 589(a)], 110 Stat. 3009-172 (28 U.S.C. 1605). The FSIA prohibits courts from exercising jurisdiction as an exception to sovereign immunity “if the foreign state was not designated as a state-sponsor of terrorism under section (j) of the Export Administration Act of 1979 (50 U.S.C. App. 2405(j)) or section 620A of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2371) at the time the act occurred, unless later so Case 1:06-cv-00734-RBW Document 27 Filed 12/20/2007 Page 17 of 67 18 designated as a result of such act.” 28 U.S.C. § 1605(a)(7) (Emphasis added.)

Daliberti v. Republic of Iraq, 97 F. Supp. 2d 38, 42 (D.D.C. 2000) (citing Amerada Hess, 488 U.S. at 434-35). Libya, pursuant to 50 U.S.C. App. § 2405(j) or 22 U.S.C. § 2371, was designated as a State Sponsor of Terrorism by the Secretary of State in 1979. Designations under these statutes are made by the Secretary of State for the purposes of regulating, respectively, exports and foreign aid.

d 175 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 136 S. Ct. 139 (2015) .............................................21 *Zivotofsky ex rel. Zivotofsky v. Clinton, 132 S. Ct. 1421 (2012) ............................................................................................... passim Cases principally relied upon are marked with an asterisk (*). Statutes 9 U.S.C. § 15 ............................................................................................................................36 18 U.S.C. § 451 ........................................................................................................................12 18 U.S.C. § 2441(a) ...........................................................................................................37, 38 Case 1:16-cv-00049-ABJ Document 22 Filed 09/19/16 Page 11 of 60 xi 22 U.S.C. § 2370(e)(2) .............................................................................................................36 22 U.S.C. § 2371 ................................................................................................................22, 23 22 U.S.C. § 2780(d) .................................................................................................................22 28 U.S.C. § 1330(a) ...................................................................................................................6 28 U.S.C. § 1350 ......................................................................................................................36 28 U.S.C. § 1350, note .......................................................................................................39, 41 28 U.S.C. § 1602 ..................................................................................................................7, 24 28 U.S.C. § 1603(d) .................................................................................................................16 28 U.S.C. § 1604 .........................

Defendants argue that the new law is an unconstitutional delegation to the Executive branch of Congress’ Article III power to alter the subject matter jurisdiction of federal courts. The new law defines a state sponsor of terrorism by reference to the Secretary of State’s state sponsor of terrorism designation mechanism: [T]he term 'state sponsor of terrorism' means a country the government of which the Secretary of State has determined, for purposes of section 6(j) of the Export Administration Act of 1979 (50 U.S.C. App. 2405(j)), section 620A of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2371), section 40 of the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2780), or any other provision of law, is a government that has repeatedly provided support for acts of international terrorism . . . . 110 P.L. 181, § 1083(h)(6). This was the same definition of a “state sponsor of terrorism” as used by 28 U.S.C. § 1605(a)(7), which also utilized the Secretary of State’s state sponsor of terrorism designation mechanism.

The Socialist People’s Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, 294 F.3d 82, 87 (D.C. Cir. 2002). Case 1:06-cv-00626-RMU Document 56 Filed 10/26/2007 Page 3 of 6 3 Libya, pursuant to 50 U.S.C. App. § 2405(j) or 22 U.S.C. § 2371, was designated as a State Sponsor of Terrorism by the Secretary of State in 1979. Libya, on or about June 30, 2006, was subsequently removal from the State Department’s list of designated State Sponsors of Terrorism.

The Socialist People’s Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, 294 F.3d 82, 87 (D.C. Cir. 2002). Libya, pursuant to 50 U.S.C. App. § 2405(j) or 22 U.S.C. § 2371, was designated as a State Sponsor of Terrorism by the Secretary of State in 1979. Libya, on or about June 30, 2006, was subsequently removal from the State Department’s list of designated State Sponsors of Terrorism.

BASED UPON THE EXPLICIT WORDING OF THE PERTINENT STATUTE, THE DC CIRCUIT HAS REJECTED LIBYA’S ARGUMENT THAT ITS REMOVAL FROM THE STATE DEPARTMENT LIST OF STATE SPONSORS OF TERRROISM AFFECTS THE COURT’S ASSERTION OF SUBJECT MATTER JURISDICTION The explicit wording of 28 U.S.C. §1605(a)(7) conclusively rejects Libya’s argument that Libya’s May 12, 2006 removal from the State Department’s list of State- Sponsors of Terrorism Defendants as a result of Presidential Determination No. 2006-14 somehow invalidates any cases subsequently brought against Libya under 28 U.S.C. §1605(a)(7). (Mot. Dismiss p. 4-7). 28 U.S.C. §1605(a)(7)(A) states an action may not be brought if: “ . . . the foreign state was not designated as a state sponsor of terrorism under section 6(j) of the Export Administration Act of 1979 (50 U.S.C. App. 2405(j)) or section 620A of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2371) at the time the act occurred. . . ” (emphasis added). The dispositive question therefore is whether Libya was properly designated at the time of the particular terrorist attack in question. Libya was properly designated as a State Sponsor of Terrorism from 1979 until 2006, as Libya admits in its Motion to Dismiss.

The Socialist People’s Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, 294 F.3d 82, 87 (D.C. Cir. 2002). Libya, pursuant to 50 U.S.C. App. § 2405(j) or 22 U.S.C. § 2371, was designated as a State Sponsor of Terrorism by the Secretary of State in 1979. Libya, on or about June 30, 2006, was subsequently removal from the State Department’s list of designated State Sponsors of Terrorism.

Daliberti v. Republic of Iraq, 97 F. Supp. 2d 38, 42 (D.D.C. 2000) (citing Amerada Hess, 488 Case 1:06-cv-00732-RWR Document 14 Filed 01/15/2007 Page 4 of 15 5 U.S. at 434-35). Libya, pursuant to 50 U.S.C. App. § 2405(j) or 22 U.S.C. § 2371, was formerly designated as a State Sponsor of Terrorism by the Secretary of State in 1979. Designations under these statutes are made by the Secretary of State for the purposes of regulating, respectively, exports and foreign aid.