Filed September 25, 2006
(People v. Fairbanks (1977) 16 Cal.4th 1223, 1255; see also '"6+ See Ala. Code, § 13A-5-45(e) (1975); Ark. Code Ann., § 5-4-603 (Michie 1987); Colo. Rev. Stat. Ann., § 16-11-104-1.3-1201(1)(d) (West 2002); Del. Code Ann.tit. 11, § 4209(c)(3)a.1. (2002); Ga. Code Ann., § 17-10-30(c) (Harrison 1990); Idaho Code, § 19-2515(3)(b) (2003); Il. Ann.Stat. ch. 38, para. 9-1(f) (Smith-Hurd 1992); Ind. Code Ann., §§ 35-50-2-9(a), (e) (West 1992); Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann., § 532.025(3) (Michie 1992); La. Code Crim. Proc. Ann.art. 905.3 (West 1984); Md. Ann. Codeart. 27, §§ 413(d), (£), (g) (1957); Miss. Code Ann., § 99-19-103 (1993); Neb. Rev.Stat., § 29-2520(4)(f) (2002) ; Nev. Rev.Stat. Ann., § 175.554(3) (Michie 1992); N.J.S.A. 2C:11-3c(2)(a); N.M.Stat.
Filed December 16, 2004
This differential '84 See Ala. Code, §§ 13A-5-46(f) and 47(d) (1982); Ariz. Rev. Stat. Ann., § 13-703.01(E) (2002); Ark. Code Ann., § 5-4-603(a) (Michie 1987); Colo. Rev.Stat., § 18-1.3-1201(2)(b)dD and § 18-1.3-1201(2)(c) (2002); Conn. Gen. Stat. Ann., § 53a-46a(e) (West 1985); State v. White (Del. 1978) 395 A.2d 1082, 1090; Fla. Stat. Ann., § 921.141(3) (West 1985); Ga. Code Ann., § 17-10-30(c) (Harrison 1990); Idaho Code, § 19-2515(8)(a)-(b) (2003); Ky. Rev.Stat. Ann., § 532.025(3) (Michie 1988); La. Code Crim. Proc. Ann., art. 905.7 (West 1993); Md. Ann. Code,art. 27 § 413(1) (1992); Miss Code Ann., § 99-19-103 (1993); Mont. Code Ann., § 46-18-305 (1993); Neb. Rev.Stat., § 29-2521(2) and § 29-2522 (2002); Nev. Rev. Stat. Ann., § 175.554(3) (Michie 1992); N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann., § 630:5 (IV) (1992); N.M.Stat.
Filed September 13, 2012
Additionally, twenty states specifically guide jurors' discretion by limiting the jurors’ consideration of evidencein aggravation to matters specified by statute. (See Ariz. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 13-703 (E), (F) (West 1993); Ark. Code Ann. § 5-4-604 (Michie 1993); Colo. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 16-11-103 (West 1993); Conn. Gen. Stat. Ann. § 53a-46a(b) (West 1985); Fla. Stat. Ann. § 921.141(2)(a) (West 1992); Ga. Code Ann.§ 17-10-30 (b) (Harrison 1990); Ind. Code Ann. § 35-50-2-9 (a) (West 1993); Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. §§ 532.025(2) (Michie 1984); La. Code Crim. Proc. Ann.art. 905.3 (West 1993); Md. Ann. Code art. 27, § 413(f) (1993); Miss. Code - Ann.§ 99-19-101(3) (1992); N.M.Stat. Ann. § 31-20A-2 (Michie 1990); N.C. Gen.Stat. § 15A-2000(e) (1988); Ohio Rev. Code. § 2929.04(A) (Page's 1992); Okla. Stat. Ann.tit. 21, § 701.10(c) (West 1993); 42 Pa. Cons. Stat. Ann. § 9711(d) (1993); S.C. Code Ann. § 16-30-20(A) (Law.
Filed June 22, 2011
Written findings would allow for meaningful appellate review of such an error; a review that cannot take place under California’s current procedures. *° See Code of Ala., sec. 13A-5-47(d) (1994); Ariz. Rev. Stat., sec. 13-703(D) (1995); Conn. Gen. Stat., sec. 53a-46a(e) (1994); 11 Del. Code, sec. 4209(d) (3) (1994); Fla. Stat., sec. 921.141(3) (1994); Ga. Code Ann. §17-10-30(c) (Harrison 1990); Idaho Code, sec. 19-2515 (e) (1994); Ind. Code Ann., sec. 35-38-1-3(3) (Burns 1995) (per Schiro v. State (Ind. 1983) 451 N.E.2d 1047, 1052-53); Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 532.025(3) (Michie 1988); La. Code Crim. Proc. Ann.art. 905.7 (West 1993); Md. Code Ann., art. 27, secs. 413(4) and G) (1995); Miss. Code Ann., sec. 99-19-101(3) (1994); Rev. Stat. Mo., sec. 565.030 (4) (1994); Mont. Code Ann., sec. 46- 18-306(1994); Neb. Rev.Stat., sec. 29-2522 (1994); Nev. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 175.554(3) (Michie 1992); N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 630:5([V) (1992); N.M. Stat. Ann. § 31-20A-3 (Michie 1990); N.J. Stat., sec. 2C:11-3© (3) (1994); N.C. Gen. Stat., sec. ISA-2000© (1994); 21 Okla. Stat., sec. 701.11 (1994); 42 Pa. Stat., sec. 9711(F) (1) (1992); S.C. Code Ann. § 16-3-20© (Law. Co- op. 1992); S.D. Codified Laws Ann. § 23A-27A-5 (1988); Tenn. Code Ann., sec. 39-13- 204(g) (2)(A)(1) (1995); Va. Code Ann. § 19.2-264.
Filed June 17, 2005
As Ring v. Arizona has madeclear, the Sixth Amendment guarantees a defendant the right to have a unanimousjury makeany factual findings prerequisite to imposition of a death sentence — including, under Penal Codesection 190.3, the finding ofan aggravating circumstance (or circumstances) andthe finding that these aggravators outweigh any andall mitigating circumstances. Absent 45 See Ala. Code §§ 13A-5-46(f), 47(d) (1982); Ariz. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 13-703(d) (1989); Ark. Code Ann. § 5-4-603(a) (Michie 1987); Conn. Gen. Stat. Ann. § 53a-46a(e) (West 1985); State v. White (Del. 1978) 395 A.2d 1082, 1090; Fla. Stat. Ann. § 921.141(3) (West 1985); Ga. Code Ann. § 17-10-30(c)- (Harrison 1990); Idaho Code § 19-2515(e) (1987); Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 532.025(3) (Michie 1988); La. Code Crim. Proc. Ann. art. 905.7 (West 1993); Md. Ann. Code art. 27, § 4131) (1992); Miss. Code Ann. § 99-19-103 (1993); Mont. Code Ann. § 46-18-306 (1993); Neb. Rev. Stat. § 29-2522 (1989); Nev. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 175.554(3) (Michie 1992); N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 630:5(IV) (1992); N.M.Stat. Ann. § 31-20A-3 (Michie 1990); Okla. Stat. Ann. tit. 21, § 701.11 (West 1993); 42 Pa. Cons. Stat. Ann. § 9711 (1982); S.C. Code Ann. § 16-3-20(c) (Law.
Filed May 25, 2005
01(E) (2002); Ark. Code Ann., § 5-4-603(a) (Michie 1987); Colo. Rev. Stat., § 18-1.3-1201(2)(b)(II) and § 18-1.3-1201(2)(c) (2002); Conn. Gen.Stat. Ann., § 53a-46a(e) (West 1985); State v. White (Del. 1978) 395 A.2d 1082, 1090; Fla. Stat. Ann., § 921.141(3) (West 1985); Ga. Code Ann., § 17-10-30(c) (Harrison 1990); Idaho Code, § 19- 2515(8)(a)-(b) (2003); Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann., § 532.025(3) (Michie 1988); La. Code Crim. Proc. Ann., art. 905.7 (West 1993); Md. Ann. Codeart 27 § 413(i) (1992); Miss Code Ann., § 99-19-103 (1993); Mont. Code Ann., § 46-18-305 (1993); Neb. Rev. Stat. § 29-2521(2) and § 29-2522 (2002); Nev.Rev. Stat. Ann., § 175.554(3) (Michie 1992); N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann., § 630:5 (IV) (1992); N.M. Stat. Ann., § 31-20A-3 (Michie 1990); Okla.Stat. Ann., tit. 21, § 701.11 (West 1993); 41 Pa. Cons. Stat. Ann., § 9711 (1982); S.C. Code Ann. § 16-3-20(C) (Law.
Filed January 18, 2005
Gen.Stat. Ann., § 53a-46a(e) (West 1985); State v. White (Del.1978) 395 A.2d 1082, 1090; Fla. Stat. Ann., § 921.141(3) (West 1985); Ga.Code Ann., § 17-10-30(c) (Harrison 1990); Idaho Code, § 19-2515(8)(a)-(b)(2003); Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann., § 532.025(3) (Michie 1988); La. Code Crim.Proc. Ann., art. 905.7 (West 1993); Md. Ann. Code art 27 § 413(i) (1992);Miss Code Ann., § 99-19-103 (1993); Mont. Code Ann., § 46-18-305(1993); Neb. Rev. Stat. § 29-2521(2) and § 29-2522 (2002); Nev. Rev. Stat.Ann., § 175.554(3) (Michie 1992); N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann., § 630:5 ([V)(1992); N.M.Stat. Ann., § 31-20A-3 (Michie 1990); Okla. Stat. Ann., tit.21, § 701.11 (West 1993); 41 Pa. Cons. Stat. Ann., § 9711 (1982); S.C.Code Ann. § 16-3-20(C) (Law.
Filed May 30, 2012
//1 //1 //1 **/ See Ala. Code, §§ 13A-5-46(f) and 47(d) (1982); Ariz. Rev. Stat. Ann., § 13- 703.01(E) (2002); Ark. Code Ann., § 5-4-603(a) (Michie 1993); Colo. Rev.Stat., § 18-1.3-1201(2)(b)dI) and § 18-1.3-1201(2)(c) (2002); State v. White (Del. 1978) 395 A.2d 1082, 1090;Fla. Stat. Ann., § 921.141(3) (West 1985); Ga. Code Ann., § 17-10-30(c) (Harrison 1990); Idaho Code, § 19-2515(8)(a)-(b) (2003); Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann., § 532.025(3) (Michie 1992); La. Code Crim. Proc. Ann., art. 905.7 (West 1993); Md. Ann. Codeart 27, § 413(i) (1993); Miss. Code Ann., § 99-19- 103 (1993); Mont. Code Ann., § 46-18-305 (1993); Neb. Rev.Stat. § 29-2521(2) and § 29-2522 (2002); Nev. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 175.554(3) (Michie 1992); N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann., § 630.5 (IV) (1992); Okla. Stat. Ann., tit. 21, § 701.11 (West 1993); 42 Pa. Cons. Stat. Ann., § 9711 (1982); S.C. Code Ann. § 16-3-20(C) (Law. Co-op. 1992); S.D. Codified Laws Ann., § 23A-27A-5 (1988); Tenn. Code Ann., § 39-13-204(g) (1993); Tex. Crim. Proc. Code Ann., § 37.07(c) (West 1993); Va. Code Ann., § 19.2-264(D) (Michie 1990); Wyo.Stat. § 6-2-102(e) (1988).
Filed December 19, 2011
ensscesceceeececeececeeceaeeaeeeseeesececeareaeeesessesseseseess 198 Pern. Code, § 1239 ...ccccccccccccesessesssseesceecsenesseeeeseeseeeeeeeseeseeseeecscsessesessesseseasenees2,3 OTHERSTATE STATUTES Ala. Code § 13A-5-53 .o..cccscssscesceeecereseseeeseesececseeessesesseseesssesensssesesessesseseeeseeneee214 Ariz. Rev. Stat., § 13-703 .ocecccceescceseceecssseeeseceseseeeseseeecesseessessesseseesesssseeeeeeeseeees200 Ark. Code Ann. § 5-4-603 ooo. eecsceseecereeesseessessessasssesseseessessecssssesenesteseesneseeenees 197 Colo. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 16-11-103(2)eeeec cseceecesesesseseseseessseeseeessesieeeeens 197 Conn. Gen. Stat. Ann. § 53a-46Doeeeeeecceeseceseeesneeeseeeesaeeesaseeseesssesseeessaseseeees214 Conn. Gen. Stat., § 538-468 occeesccesseecessecesseeessneeseseeesesseeecesssenseeessseeseeseesenees200 Del. Code Ann.Title 11, § 4209ccceccscsecsecnesenseereeenenseneeteas200, 214 Fla. Stat., § 921.1403)...eee eeescceeeeecsecseeeseeeseeeeessacsensecseusesseesssesesenseeeseserseeseees200 Ga. Code Ann. § 17-10-30(C) ....eeeceeseeeseesecrecsesecesesseseecsseseesseseesssseseeeseeseneneeees200 Ga. Code Ann. § 17-10-35(C)(3) oo... eeeescsscesseseesesereseesessesseeeseeesscssesseenesesreneeees214 Idaho Code, § 19-2515(€) oo... eeesesseseesecresssessesessseseeneasseesseseesssseesensesseeeseenesseees200 Idaho Code § 19-2827( C)(3)....::.::ccssccescceseeceseceseecececeseceeeeesseessesessseasonseaseseessees214 XXXil Ill. Ann. Stat. Chapter 38, para. 9-1 oo.eee eecsesneesceeeseseessnceseesersesesesseeeateneseeeens 197 Ind. Code Annn., § 35-38-1-3(3) cece cecesscessecreseescssesessesscseasesaeeaecsessesscosseasseeete200 Ky.Rev. Stat. Ann. § 532.025(3) oeeesesscessssssecescesesceaeeesessesseecesseeeerecasereetens200 Ky.Rev. Stat. Ann. § 532.075(3) ....ccccccsssesecsscesseceeceeseaceeeeeeceaaceesaeessseesssesenes214 La. Code Crim. Proc. Ann. Article 905.6 000... eeseeesceseeseeeesteseeeneceeeaeenceaeeneeasene 197 La. Code Crim. Proc. Ann. Article 905.7 oeieeceeccessesecesesesenscesesesecseenseeeeseeees200 La.
Filed September 21, 2010
m Section 190.3... ecccscccsssccscccceseeccsscesssoesensessencceseecceeeesensctsesaensin passim S€CtION 954.0 eescccseeeeseeesssessssssessecessseessseessseeceresssesesesesceeeees 126 Section 954.1vesessecsssecssseessssssssssesesesesesesesesssesssesesseeeoes 126 ‘OUT OF STATE STATUTORY AUTHORITY Ala. Code sec 13A-5-45,46........cccccccccssssscccscessssseseseseeeeeeness269, 309 . Ala. Code section 13A-5-53.........cceseeseessseescceeceeeesenceseeeenes313 Ark. Code Ann Section 5-4-603..........cccccccccccssessscsccssseeeeessees269, 270, 292 309, 313 Ariz. Rev . Stat. Ann. Sec 13-703 (C ).....ceeeccssreceessreceeees 369, 270, 309 Colo Rev State 16-11 103...eeeeseescesteeeecseseeeteeeeesees292 Conn. Gen Stat. Ann section 53a-46A (€)..........::cccesceesenees269, 309 Conn. Gen Stat. Ann section 53a-46D............cccccccccccceseeteeees269, 270 Del Code Ann tit 11, section 4209 (d) (1)... ce eesesereereeeeees269, 309 Fla. St. Ann. Section 921.141(3)...... eeeesccssseeresseesteeserees269, 309 Ga Code Ann sec 17-10-30...eesceessssssesssssesssssesseeees269, 309 Ga Code Ann sec 17-10-35... eeessceeeceseeesceseeeteeesneeenes314 Idaho Code sec 19-2515 ...iccccceeccccecccscccccccnscssssssesssnsnsrssssesees269, 314 Idaho Code sec 19-2827 (€ ) (3).....cssccssssssesscssssseseseseeeeseenes314 (xxv) aARALIRENATELEANmr Ee NOTSn a GE Uy coPN iitatentedAALSREPRISMANNRE EH ge tg TI. Stat Ann ch 38...escesesseresesscneeseeerensssesseseeeeeeeeees292 Ky. Rev.Stat. Ann section 532.025...........ccssscccsssseesereeeeoes269, 309 Ky. Rev.Stat.