90 Cited authorities

Ring v. Arizona
536 U.S. 584 (2002) Cited 5,011 times 50 Legal Analyses
Holding that “[i]f a State makes an increase in a defendant's authorized punishment contingent on the finding of a fact, that fact—no matter how the State labels it—must be found by a jury beyond a reasonable doubt”
Miller-El v. Dretke
545 U.S. 231 (2005) Cited 2,712 times 15 Legal Analyses
Holding that a prosecutor “would have cleared up any misunderstanding by asking further questions” if he truly considered a race-neutral characteristic grounds for a peremptory strike
United States v. Salerno
481 U.S. 739 (1987) Cited 5,462 times 15 Legal Analyses
Holding that "extensive safeguards" are necessary "to repel a facial challenge"
Zafiro v. United States
506 U.S. 534 (1993) Cited 3,826 times 2 Legal Analyses
Holding that a district court's jury instructions may cure any risk of prejudice from antagonistic defenses
Gregg v. Georgia
428 U.S. 153 (1976) Cited 6,662 times 31 Legal Analyses
Holding that "accurate sentencing information is an indispensable prerequisite to a reasoned determination of whether a defendant shall live or die"
Richardson v. Marsh
481 U.S. 200 (1987) Cited 3,788 times 7 Legal Analyses
Holding codefendant’s confession that "was not incriminating on its face," but "became so only when linked with evidence introduced later at trial," to "fall outside" narrow Bruton exception
Hurst v. Florida
577 U.S. 92 (2016) Cited 973 times 5 Legal Analyses
Holding Florida's former death penalty sentencing scheme unconstitutional because "[t]he Sixth Amendment requires a jury, not a judge, to find each fact necessary to impose a sentence of death"
Powers v. Ohio
499 U.S. 400 (1991) Cited 2,559 times 4 Legal Analyses
Holding that a white defendant has standing to challenge strikes of black jurors
Wainwright v. Witt
469 U.S. 412 (1985) Cited 3,276 times 17 Legal Analyses
Holding that juror bias determination is a question of fact, even though "[t]he trial judge is of course applying some kind of legal standard to what he sees and hears"
Glossip v. Gross
576 U.S. 863 (2015) Cited 967 times 6 Legal Analyses
Holding that a three-Justice plurality opinion constituted the “holding” of the Court in Baze v. Rees , 553 U.S. 35, 128 S.Ct. 1520, 170 L.Ed.2d 420, because Justices Scalia and Thomas had concurred in the result reached by the plurality but on “broader” grounds
Section 924 - Penalties
18 U.S.C. § 924 Cited 66,211 times 189 Legal Analyses
Holding that conviction for eluding police, under Maine statute which provides that "[w]hoever, after being requested or signaled to stop, attempts to elude a law enforcement officer by driving a vehicle at a reckless rate of speed which results in a high-speed chase between the operator's vehicle and any law enforcement vehicle using a blue light and siren is guilty" of a felony-level crime, involves conduct that presents a serious potential risk of physical injury to another for purposes of 18 U.S.C. § 924(e)
Section 922 - Unlawful acts
18 U.S.C. § 922 Cited 60,951 times 186 Legal Analyses
Finding that "even before the sale of a firearm, the gun, its component parts, ammunition, and the raw materials from which they are made have considerably moved in interstate commerce"
Section 1951 - Interference with commerce by threats or violence
18 U.S.C. § 1951 Cited 11,678 times 51 Legal Analyses
Defining extortion in ACCA as “the obtaining of something of value from another, with his consent, induced by the wrongful use or threatened use of force against the person or property of another ”
Section 241 - Conspiracy against rights
18 U.S.C. § 241 Cited 4,231 times 15 Legal Analyses
Criminalizing civil-rights violations
Section 848 - Continuing criminal enterprise
21 U.S.C. § 848 Cited 4,072 times 30 Legal Analyses
Recognizing the court's authority in certain situations to "impose a sentence, other than death, authorized by law"
Section 242 - Deprivation of rights under color of law
18 U.S.C. § 242 Cited 3,884 times 8 Legal Analyses
Noting that "if bodily injury results from the acts committed in violation of this section," the defendant "shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than ten years, or both"
Section 775.082 - Penalties; applicability of sentencing structures; mandatory minimum sentences for certain reoffenders previously released from prison
Fla. Stat. § 775.082 Cited 2,297 times 3 Legal Analyses
Providing a penalty of "imprisonment not exceeding 15 years" for a second-degree felony
Section 1111 - Murder
18 U.S.C. § 1111 Cited 2,119 times 7 Legal Analyses
Punishing homicide "[w]ithin the special maritime and territorial jurisdiction of the United States"
Section 3593 - Special hearing to determine whether a sentence of death is justified
18 U.S.C. § 3593 Cited 620 times 15 Legal Analyses
Detailing unique procedures applicable to the "[s]pecial hearing to determine whether a sentence of death is justified" (boldface omitted)
Section 245 - Federally protected activities
18 U.S.C. § 245 Cited 607 times 5 Legal Analyses
Prohibiting discriminatory injury, intimidation, or interference with enjoyment of state-provided facility

USA v. Roof

90 Cited authorities

Holding that “[i]f a State makes an increase in a defendant's authorized punishment contingent on the finding of a fact, that fact—no matter how the State labels it—must be found by a jury beyond a reasonable doubt”

Holding that a prosecutor “would have cleared up any misunderstanding by asking further questions” if he truly considered a race-neutral characteristic grounds for a peremptory strike

Holding that "extensive safeguards" are necessary "to repel a facial challenge"

Holding that a district court's jury instructions may cure any risk of prejudice from antagonistic defenses

Holding that "accurate sentencing information is an indispensable prerequisite to a reasoned determination of whether a defendant shall live or die"

Holding codefendant’s confession that "was not incriminating on its face," but "became so only when linked with evidence introduced later at trial," to "fall outside" narrow Bruton exception

Holding Florida's former death penalty sentencing scheme unconstitutional because "[t]he Sixth Amendment requires a jury, not a judge, to find each fact necessary to impose a sentence of death"

Holding that a white defendant has standing to challenge strikes of black jurors

Holding that juror bias determination is a question of fact, even though "[t]he trial judge is of course applying some kind of legal standard to what he sees and hears"

Holding that a three-Justice plurality opinion constituted the “holding” of the Court in Baze v. Rees , 553 U.S. 35, 128 S.Ct. 1520, 170 L.Ed.2d 420, because Justices Scalia and Thomas had concurred in the result reached by the plurality but on “broader” grounds

Finding that "even before the sale of a firearm, the gun, its component parts, ammunition, and the raw materials from which they are made have considerably moved in interstate commerce"

Defining extortion in ACCA as “the obtaining of something of value from another, with his consent, induced by the wrongful use or threatened use of force against the person or property of another ”

Criminalizing civil-rights violations

Recognizing the court's authority in certain situations to "impose a sentence, other than death, authorized by law"

Noting that "if bodily injury results from the acts committed in violation of this section," the defendant "shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than ten years, or both"

Providing a penalty of "imprisonment not exceeding 15 years" for a second-degree felony

Punishing homicide "[w]ithin the special maritime and territorial jurisdiction of the United States"

Detailing unique procedures applicable to the "[s]pecial hearing to determine whether a sentence of death is justified" (boldface omitted)

Prohibiting discriminatory injury, intimidation, or interference with enjoyment of state-provided facility