Ashcroft v. Iqbal

Holding that a claim is plausible where a plaintiff's allegations enable the court to draw a "reasonable inference" the defendant is liable

Papasan v. Allain

Holding that Ex parte Young would not support a suit against a state for ongoing liability for an alleged past breach of trust, since "continuing payment of the income from the lost corpus is essentially equivalent in economic terms to a one-time restoration of the lost corpus itself"

Morrison v. National Australia Bank Ltd.

Holding extraterritorial application of a statute is a merits question, not a question of subject matter jurisdiction

Shaffer v. Heitner

Holding that, once a judgment is validly rendered against a debtor, the judgment creditor may sue to satisfy the debt with property in a state that lacks personal jurisdiction over the judgment debtor

U.S. v. Ritchie

Holding that a court may consider "certain materials—documents attached to the complaint, documents incorporated by reference in the complaint, or matters of judicial notice—without converting the motion to dismiss into a motion for summary judgment"

Harrods Ltd. v. Sixty Internet Domain Names

Holding that district court erred in granting summary judgment without discovery where the "nonmoving party's objections before the district court served as the functional equivalent of an affidavit" under Rule 56(d) and "the nonmoving party was not lax in pursuing discovery"

Odom v. Microsoft Corp.

Holding that plaintiffs had sufficiently alleged an association-in-fact enterprise of two corporations

Doe v. Unocal Corp.

Holding "court may consider evidence" on motion to dismiss under Rule 12(b)

Tuli v. Republic of Iraq

Holding that a court "has an affirmative duty" to assure itself that it has personal jurisdiction over a defendant before entering a default judgment, even though personal jurisdiction need not be addressed sua sponte in contested cases

Data Disc, Inc. v. Sys. Tech. Assoc., Inc.

Holding that a court "may not assume the truth of allegations in a pleading which are contradicted by affidavit"

Rule 12 - Defenses and Objections: When and How Presented; Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings; Consolidating Motions; Waiving Defenses; Pretrial Hearing

Granting the court discretion to exclude matters outside the pleadings presented to the court in defense of a motion to dismiss

Rule 9 - Pleading Special Matters

Permitting "[m]alice, intent, knowledge, and other conditions of a person's mind [to] be alleged generally"

Section 1343 - Fraud by wire, radio, or television

Barring fraudulent schemes "for obtaining money or property"

Section 1956 - Laundering of monetary instruments

Defining “specified unlawful activity” to include, inter alia, controlled substance violations, murder, bribery, smuggling, various forms of fraud, concealment of assets, various environmental offenses, and health care offenses

Section 1957 - Engaging in monetary transactions in property derived from specified unlawful activity

Finding an error in the trial court's jury instructions harmless "[b]ecause overwhelming evidence support[ed] the jury's finding" of guilt

Section 2314 - Transportation of stolen goods, securities, moneys, fraudulent State tax stamps, or articles used in counterfeiting

Criminalizing the transportation, transmission, or transfer of goods "in interstate or foreign commerce"

Section 1355 - Fine, penalty or forfeiture

Granting federal courts exclusive jurisdiction over fines and penalties incurred under federal statute

Section 2315 - Sale or receipt of stolen goods, securities, moneys, or fraudulent State tax stamps

Forbidding the possession, receipt, or sale of of stolen property that has crossed state borders

Section 1395 - Fine, penalty or forfeiture