550 U.S. 544 (2007) Cited 269,161 times 367 Legal Analyses
Holding that a complaint's allegations should "contain sufficient factual matter, accepted as true, to 'state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face' "
Holding that a party forfeited an argument by failing to " 'specifically and distinctly' argue the issue in his opening brief" (quoting United States v. Ullah, 976 F.2d 509, 514 (9th Cir. 1992))
504 U.S. 255 (1992) Cited 377 times 13 Legal Analyses
Holding that the government was required to prove a quid pro quo existed—meaning an official accepted something of value in exchange for agreeing to take or taking official acts to qualify as Hobbs Act extortion
Holding that Rule 9(b)'s purpose is "to prevent the filing of a complaint as a pretext for the discovery of unknown wrongs" and finding the Section 20A insufficiently pled because it lacked "facts [such] as the times, dates, places" or "allegations on information and belief . . . [to] state the factual basis for the belief"
Holding that a copyright owner and the author were not in privity because the prior contractual relationship did "not satisfy the adequacy-of-representation requirement"
Holding that the Supreme Court's reasoning in Buford leads to the use of a deferential standard of review in the application of the Sentencing Guidelines under circumstances involving fact-bound determinations
18 U.S.C. § 1956 Cited 9,357 times 142 Legal Analyses
Defining “specified unlawful activity” to include, inter alia, controlled substance violations, murder, bribery, smuggling, various forms of fraud, concealment of assets, various environmental offenses, and health care offenses
18 U.S.C. § 983 Cited 2,804 times 8 Legal Analyses
Noting that for purposes of the innocent owner defense to civil forfeiture, "no person may assert an ownership interest under this subsection in contraband or other property that it is illegal to possess"